Decentralized Energy Production System by Anaerobic Digestion Using Organic Waste and Exhaust Heat

Oral Presentaion

Improvement of the Anaerobic Digestion Performance for Fish Industry Waste Recycles

Poster Sessio

Energy Production from Fish Waste in Large-scale Anaerobic Digestion

Poster Presentatio

Dicer Functions in Aquatic Species

Dicer is an RNase III enzyme with two catalytic subunits, which catalyzes the cleavage of double-stranded RNA to small interfering RNAs and micro-RNAs, which are mainly involved in invasive nucleic acid defense and endogenous genes regulation. Dicer is abundantly expressed in embryos, indicating the importance of the protein in early embryonic development. In addition, Dicer is thought to be involved in defense mechanism against foreign nucleic acids such as viruses. This paper will mainly focus on the recent progress of Dicer-related research and discuss potential RNA interference pathways in aquatic species

Comparison of maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for occlusal cant correction surgery and maxillary advanced surgery

金沢大学医学部附属病院歯科口腔外科Objective: To compare postoperative maxillary stability following Le Fort I osteotomy for the correction of occlusal cant as compared with conventional Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. Study design: The subjects were 40 Japanese adults with jaw deformities. Of these, 20 underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) to correct asymmetric skeletal morphology and inclined occlusal cant. The other 20 patients underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) to advance the maxilla. Lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms were taken postoperatively and assessed statistically. Thereafter, the 2 groups were followed for time-course changes. Results: There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to time-course changes during the immediate postoperative period. Conclusion: This suggests that maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for cant correction does not differ from that after Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. © 2007 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved

Evaluation of upper lip hypoesthesia with a trigeminal somatosensory-evoked potential following Le Fort I osteotomy in combination with mandibular osteotomy

金沢大学医学部附属病院歯科口腔外科Purpose: The purpose of this study was to objectively evaluate hypoesthesia of the upper lip following Le Fort I osteotomy in combination with mandibular osteotomy with trigeminal somatosensory evoked potential (TSEP). Subjects and methods: The subjects consisted of 25 patients with mandibular prognathism with maxillary retrognathism mandibular prognathism with or without asymmetry, who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy in combination with sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) or intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO).Trigeminal nerve hypoesthesia at the region of the upper lip was assessed bilaterally by the TSEP method. The electrodes were placed exactly above the highest point of the vermilion border and on the mucosa of the upper lip. An electroencephalograph recording system (Neuropack Sigma; Nihon Koden Corp., Tokyo, Japan) was used to analyze the potentials. Each patient was evaluated preoperatively and then postoperatively at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Results: The average measurable period and standard deviation of TSEP of the upper lip was 7.8 ± 10.7 weeks following Le Fort I osteotomy, TSEP of the lower lip was 4.6 ± 9.2 weeks in the patients who underwent SSRO with Le Fort I osteotomy, and 1.2 ± 0.4 weeks in the patients who underwent IVRO with Le Fort I osteotomy. Conclusion: This study objectively proved that hypoesthesia could appear in the upper lips following Le Fort I osteotomy with TSEP. The measurable period for the upper lip following Le Fort I osteotomy tended to be longer than that for the lower lip in the patients who underwent SSRO and IVRO with Le Fort I osteotomy. © 2007 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved

魚介類に存在する生理活性リン脂質 : 多価不飽和脂肪酸含有コリングリセロリン脂質の過酸化との関連

Platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a potent bioactive lipid that is formed enzymatically in various mammalian cells and tissues. We found that high PAF activities in lipid extracts from fishes. Recently, Tanaka et al. reported that novel phospholipids with an sn-2-short-chain acyl groups, having PAF-like bioactivities, were produced by lipid peroxidation of CGP (cholineglycerophospholipid) with an sn-2-polyunsaturated fatty acyl (PUFA) group. Therefore, we wondered whether the bioactive phospholipids in lipid extract from fishes were formed by lipid peroxidation. We extracted and prepared lipids with and without an anti-oxidant BHT from the tissues of various kinds of fishes and shellfishes. The lipid extract containing PAF-like compound that was purified by thin-layer chromatography induced the aggregation of washed rabbit platelets, and the activities were inhibited by PAF receptor antagonist, WEB-2086. Fishes which had high PAF-like activities were abundant in CGP with PUFA. In the case of lipid preparations without BHT, increase in PAF-like activities and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) values, and decrease in PUFA content in CGP were observed. Furthermore, we peroxidized CGPs derived from various fishes and shellfishes, and PAF-like biological activities were measured by platelet aggregation. Investigations of the correlation between the PAF-like activities produced by peroxidation of PUFA containing CGP and the contents of PUFA and alkyl ether-linked subclass in parent CGPs, revealed that higher activities were produced by peroxidation of alky-PUFA CGP species, that were rich in alkyl ether-linked subclass and/or rich in docosahexaenoate (DHA). These results suggest that the lipids having PAF-like biological activities in fishes and shellfishes were produced by peroxidation of PUFA containing CGP

Anti-PD-1 antibody decreases tumour-infiltrating regulatory T cells

Background There are many types of therapies for cancer. In these days, immunotherapies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, are focused on. Though many types of immune checkpoint inhibitors are there, the difference of effect and its mechanism are unclear. Some reports suggest the response rate of anti-PD-1 antibody is superior to that of anti-PD-L1 antibody and could potentially produce different mechanisms of action. On the other hand, Treg also express PD-1; however, their relationship remains unclear. Methods In this study, we used osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro and osteosarcoma mouse model in vivo. In vitro, we analyzed the effect of IFN gamma for expression of PD-L1 on the surface of cell lines by flowcytometry. In vivo, murine osteosarcoma cell line LM8 was subcutaneously transplanted into the dorsum of mice. Mouse anti-PD-1 antibody was intraperitoneally administered. we analysed the effect for survival of anti-PD-1 antibody and proportion of T cells in the tumour by flowcytometry. Results We discovered that IFN gamma increased PD-L1 expression on the surface of osteosarcoma cell lines. In assessing the relationship between anti-PD-1 antibody and Treg, we discovered the administration of anti-PD-1 antibody suppresses increases in tumour volume and prolongs overall survival time. In the tumour microenvironment, we found that the administration of anti-PD-1 antibody decreased Treg within the tumour and increased tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. Conclusions Here we clarify for the first time an additional mechanism of anti-tumour effect-as exerted by anti-PD-1 antibody decreasing Treg- we anticipate that our findings will lead to the development of new methods for cancer treatment.ArticleBMC CANCER. 20(1):25 (2020)journal articl