5,369 research outputs found
Rare Decays
Studies of rare decays play an important role in the search of physics beyond
the standard model. New particles may participate in the loop processes and can
be probed by seeing any deviations from the standard model predictions. The
very rare decay has been observed with the data collected by
CMS and LHCb experiments. The signal seen by the ATLAS experiment is less
significant but is compatible with the predictions. The measurement itself
provides stringent constraints to new physics models. The first effective
lifetime measurement with candidates has been carried out by
the LHCb experiment. More data are still required to observe the
decays. The decay also proceeds through
a flavour changing neutral current process, and is sensitive to the new
physics. Extended measurements are carried out for decays.
Most of the classical physics parameters are found to be consistent with the
predictions, but tensions do emerge in some of the observables. More data will
help to clarify these potential deviations.Comment: 7 pages, for LHCP 2017 conferenc
Performance Evaluation and Modeling of HPC I/O on Non-Volatile Memory
HPC applications pose high demands on I/O performance and storage capability.
The emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) techniques offer low-latency, high
bandwidth, and persistence for HPC applications. However, the existing I/O
stack are designed and optimized based on an assumption of disk-based storage.
To effectively use NVM, we must re-examine the existing high performance
computing (HPC) I/O sub-system to properly integrate NVM into it. Using NVM as
a fast storage, the previous assumption on the inferior performance of storage
(e.g., hard drive) is not valid any more. The performance problem caused by
slow storage may be mitigated; the existing mechanisms to narrow the
performance gap between storage and CPU may be unnecessary and result in large
overhead. Thus fully understanding the impact of introducing NVM into the HPC
software stack demands a thorough performance study.
In this paper, we analyze and model the performance of I/O intensive HPC
applications with NVM as a block device. We study the performance from three
perspectives: (1) the impact of NVM on the performance of traditional page
cache; (2) a performance comparison between MPI individual I/O and POSIX I/O;
and (3) the impact of NVM on the performance of collective I/O. We reveal the
diminishing effects of page cache, minor performance difference between MPI
individual I/O and POSIX I/O, and performance disadvantage of collective I/O on
NVM due to unnecessary data shuffling. We also model the performance of MPI
collective I/O and study the complex interaction between data shuffling,
storage performance, and I/O access patterns.Comment: 10 page
Treatment of juxtafoveal central serous chorioretinopathy by compound anisodine injection
AIM: To investigate the efficiency and security of compound anisodine injection in the treatment of juxtafoveal central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC). <p>METHODS: Sixty patients(60 eyes)who were diagnosed of juxtafoveal CSC were assigned randomly into 2 groups: 32 cases(32 eyes, therapeutic group)were injected subcutaneously compound anisodine injection for 2mL q.d around superficial temporal arteries in the affected eyes; 28 cases(28 eyes, control group)received only traditional oral medication. Both groups received therapy for 2 to 4 courses of treatment. The main observations were the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), subjective symptom, visual field, average light sensitivity and optical coherent topography(OCT).<p>RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the therapeutic group and the control group before treatment(<i>P</i>>0.05), but all the outcome measures at 1, 3mo in the treatment group were significantly improved as compared with control group(<i>P</i><0.05). After 6mo, there were no significant difference between the two groups in all measures(<i>P</i>>0.05). No severe adverse reaction was noted except mild ones such as temporary dry mouth, dizziness and palpitation in a few cases.<p>CONCLUSION: Compound anisodine injection has remarkable effects in the treatment of juxtafoveal CSC. It can shorten the course, improved the visual function and decreased the recurrence rate of CSC
Towards Fair Disentangled Online Learning for Changing Environments
In the problem of online learning for changing environments, data are
sequentially received one after another over time, and their distribution
assumptions may vary frequently. Although existing methods demonstrate the
effectiveness of their learning algorithms by providing a tight bound on either
dynamic regret or adaptive regret, most of them completely ignore learning with
model fairness, defined as the statistical parity across different
sub-population (e.g., race and gender). Another drawback is that when adapting
to a new environment, an online learner needs to update model parameters with a
global change, which is costly and inefficient. Inspired by the sparse
mechanism shift hypothesis, we claim that changing environments in online
learning can be attributed to partial changes in learned parameters that are
specific to environments and the rest remain invariant to changing
environments. To this end, in this paper, we propose a novel algorithm under
the assumption that data collected at each time can be disentangled with two
representations, an environment-invariant semantic factor and an
environment-specific variation factor. The semantic factor is further used for
fair prediction under a group fairness constraint. To evaluate the sequence of
model parameters generated by the learner, a novel regret is proposed in which
it takes a mixed form of dynamic and static regret metrics followed by a
fairness-aware long-term constraint. The detailed analysis provides theoretical
guarantees for loss regret and violation of cumulative fairness constraints.
Empirical evaluations on real-world datasets demonstrate our proposed method
sequentially outperforms baseline methods in model accuracy and fairness.Comment: Accepted by KDD 202
BTS: Bifold Teacher-Student in Semi-Supervised Learning for Indoor Two-Room Presence Detection Under Time-Varying CSI
In recent years, indoor human presence detection based on supervised learning
(SL) and channel state information (CSI) has attracted much attention. However,
the existing studies that rely on spatial information of CSI are susceptible to
environmental changes, such as object movement, atmospheric factors, and
machine rebooting, which degrade prediction accuracy. Moreover, SL-based
methods require time-consuming labeling for retraining models. Therefore, it is
imperative to design a continuously monitored model life-cycle using a
semi-supervised learning (SSL) based scheme. In this paper, we conceive a
bifold teacher-student (BTS) learning approach for presence detection systems
that combines SSL by utilizing partially labeled and unlabeled datasets. The
proposed primal-dual teacher-student network intelligently learns spatial and
temporal features from labeled and unlabeled CSI. Additionally, the enhanced
penalized loss function leverages entropy and distance measures to distinguish
drifted data, i.e., features of new datasets affected by time-varying effects
and altered from the original distribution. The experimental results
demonstrate that the proposed BTS system sustains asymptotic accuracy after
retraining the model with unlabeled data. Furthermore, the label-free BTS
outperforms existing SSL-based models in terms of the highest detection
accuracy while achieving the asymptotic performance of SL-based methods
Threshold Effects in the Decay of Heavy b' and t' Quarks
A sequential fourth generation is still viable, but the t' and b' quarks are
constrained to be not too far apart in mass. The t'{\to}bW and b'{\to}tW decay
channels are still being pursued at the Tevatron, which would soon be surpassed
by the LHC. We use a convolution method with up to five-body final state to
study t' and b' decays. We show how the two decay branches for m_{b'} below the
tW threshold, b'{\to}tW^* and t^*W, merge with b'{\to}tW above the threshold.
We then consider the heavy-to-heavy transitions b'{\to}t^{\prime(*)}W^{(*)} (or
t'{\to}b^{\prime(*)}W^{(*)}), as they are not suppressed by quark mixing. We
find that, because of the threshold sensitivity of the branching fraction of
t'{\to}b'W^* (or b'{\to}t'W^*), it is possible to measure the strength of the
CKM mixing element V_{t'b} (or V_{tb'}), especially when it is rather small. We
urge the experiments to pursue and separate the t'{\to}b'W^* (or b'{\to}t'W^*)
decay in their search program
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