A Study On Ambulance Services And Emergency Care At Local Hospitals: Perception Of Clients And Health Care Providers.

This prospective study attempts to identify and evaluate the clients and other service care providers' perception towards emergency care and ambulance services for the year starting from January to December of 2004 at Hospital University Science Malaysia (HUSM) and Hospital Kota Bharu (HKB), now known as the Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II (HRPZ II).Kajian prospektif ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti dan menilai tanggapan pelanggan dan kakitangan kesihatan yang lain terhadap perkhidmatan kecemasan dan ambulans

Anti-terrorism questionnaire development and effectiveness of anti-terrorism education programme on Malaysian public readiness reaction and willingness

Terrorism nowadays has become common in many parts of the world and it is slowly coming to Malaysia. Recent developments have seen terrorism evolved in its complexity with the age of information and technology. It now threatens the well-being of innocent life and civil society. This study was initiated by developing and validating a questionnaire, namely TeRRW to access the level of readiness, reaction and willingness among the Malaysia public towards antiterrorism. The internal consistency reliability based on the value of Cronbach’s alpha of TeRRW questionnaire was above 0.70 (ranging from 0.730 to 0.883) and this showed that questionnaire is valid to access the public perception towards terrorism. Then followed with the development of an anti-terrorism educational material which was based on local needs. Using these materials, a crosssectional study and community intervention involving 400 residents from Kota Bharu and Gua Musang districts was conducted within a year from January 2017 until December 2017. The TeRRW questionnaire aims to identify and evaluate the status of readiness, reaction and willingness against terrorism in the community. The association of sociodemographic factors with these three domains were also analyzed. Out of 400 respondents, only 250 (62.5%) showed a reaction and 150 (37.5%) did not react and it further showed only race or ethnicity and job category were found to be significantly associated with those results. The community intervention using anti-terrorism educational material analysis showed that these three domains changed significantly after an intervention was conducted. The anti-terrorism educational material developed to educate and expose the public towards antiterrorism among local communities were found to be effective, but the impacts were decreased within time. This study concluded that the community response towards intervention of antiterrorism such as anti-terrorism educational material was positive to educate and expose the public towards antiterrorism but need to be done in a schedule in order to maximize the impact. This kind of program could increase community alertness level towards terrorism in Malaysia

Disaster preparedness and mitigation: a study to develop emergency communication system packages using radio wave frequency for disaster in Kelantan, Malaysia

The December 2014 flood incidence is identified as the worst unexpected natural calamity ever experienced by the country in decades. The heavy downpours caused severe flooding in several states especially Kelantan, The flood affected thousands of people, with nearly 120,000 people evacuated from their home, over 150,000 people lost their property and livestock while 2000 to 3000 houses destroyed in Kelantan. Floods pose obstacles for disaster response. They can create barriers to evacuation and cause problems to transport various needed supplies. Floods also have the ability to harm infrastructure, utilities and communication. This situation would prevent news and information from being broadcasted and disseminated especially to the victims and the public in general (Penuel & Statler, 201! ). Therefore, it is pertinent to identify or develop the most appropriate medium or method of disseminating information in the whole cycle of the flood; pre, during and post disaster. Effective flood warnings and communication are essential to successful flood risk management (Bradford & O'Sullivan, 2013). The main aim is to make sure the information must reach the citizens immediately in order to minimize the intensity of the disaster among the affected people (Shaw & Sharma, 2011 ). Communication not only requires having the proper radio and other wireless equipment, but being able to integrate, correspond and coordinate (Ohl, 2006). The most local concern issue was upsurge of critical ill patient itself during that peek time without proper communication arrangement

A retrospective study of ambulance response time in priority one cases

Background: Ambulance response time (ART) is one of the key performance indices set by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Malaysia. In priority one cases, the response time must be 15 minutes or less. The association between ART and patient outcomes has yet to be assessed in the Malaysian setting. Methods: This was a single-centre study that coordinated by the Medical Emergency Call Centre (MECC) of the Emergency and Trauma Department Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II (ETDHRPZ II) and received a call from the Malaysian Emergency Response Services (MERS) 999 or a direct line. Patients must have met the Delta and Echo classification using the Medical Priority Dispatch System for priority one case with age more or equal to 18 years. The data were collected was done from November 2019 to March 2020. Results: A total of 175 ambulance calls were recorded during the study period, during which the number of ambulances could reach 141 (80.6%) patients within 15 minutes or less. The remaining 34 (19.4%) patients responded in more than 15 minutes. The associations between ART and mortality and morbidity were not significant, with p-value=0.746 and p-value=0.749 respectively. The median length of stay (LOS) among admitted patients was the same which was four days. Conclusion: This study revealed no significant association between ART (less than or equal to 15 minutes) in priority one cases and patient outcomes. However, there is a need to consider multiple variables that influence the emergency medical response due its nature of complexity

AMBULANCE SERVICES AT HOSPITAL UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA AND HOSPITAL KOTA BHARU: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CALLS

This retrospective study attempted to identify the pattern of ambulance calls for the past two years at the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) and Hospital Kota Bharu (HKB). This study will provide a simple method of acquiring information related to ambulance response time (ART) and to test whether it met the international standards and needs of the client. Additionally, this paper takes into account the management of emergency calls. This included ambulance response time, which was part of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) episode: onset of ART, which started when details like phone number of the caller, exact location of the incident and the nature of the main complaint had been noted. ART ended when the emergency team arrived at the scene of incident. Information regarding ambulance calls from the record offices of HUSM and HKB was recorded for the year 2001 and 2002, tabulated and analyzed. There was a significant difference in the total number of calls managed by HUSM and HKB in the year 2001. It was noted that 645 calls were managed by HUSM while 1069 calls were recorded at HKB. In the year 2002, however, HUSM led with 613 extra numbers of calls as compare to HKB with 1193 numbers of calls. The pattern of ambulance calls observed is thought to possibly be influenced by social activities like local festivities, school holidays and the seasons. Further, it is observed that no studies were previously undertaken to compare the ART at both the HUSM and HKB to that of the international standards. In fact, a literature review undertaken so far showed no similar studies have been done for the whole Malaysia

Enriching nursing knowledge and practice in Jordanian government hospitals through basic life support simulation training: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Healthcare providers must possess the necessary knowledge and skills to perform effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In the event of cardiopulmonary arrest, basic life support (BLS) is the initial step in the life-saving process before the advanced CPR team arrives. BLS simulation training using manikins has become an essential teaching methodology in nursing education, enhancing newly employed nurses’ knowledge and skills and empowering them to provide adequate resuscitation. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of BLS simulation training on knowledge and practice scores among newly employed nurses in Jordanian government hospitals. Methods: A total of 102 newly employed nurses were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (n = 51) received standard training, and the experimental group (n = 51) received one full day of BLS simulation training. The training program used the American Heart Association (AHA)-BLS-2020 guidelines and integrated theoretical models such as Miller’s Pyramid and Kolb’s Cycle. Both groups were homogeneous in inclusion characteristics and pretest results. Knowledge and practice scores were assessed using 23 multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The results indicated significant differences in knowledge scores, F(2, 182) = 58.514, p <0.001, and practice scores, F(2, 182) = 20.134, p <0.001, between the control and experimental groups at all measurement times: pretest, posttest 1, and posttest 2. Moreover, Cohen’s d reflected the effectiveness of BLS simulation training as an educational module, showing a large effect (Cohen’s d = 1.568) on participants’ knowledge levels and a medium effect (Cohen’s d = 0.749) on participants’ practice levels. Conclusion: The study concludes that BLS simulation training using the AHA-BLS-2020 guidelines and integrating theoretical models such as Miller’s Pyramid and Kolb’s Cycle significantly improves knowledge and practice scores among newly employed nurses, proving highly effective in enhancing their competencies in performing CPR. Implementing BLS simulation training in nursing education programs can significantly elevate the proficiency of newly employed nurses, ultimately improving patient outcomes during cardiopulmonary arrest situations. This training approach should be integrated into standard nursing curricula to ensure nurses are well-prepared for real-life emergencies. Trial Registry Number: NCT0600187