Novel Approach to Hide Sensitive Association Rules by Introducing Transaction Affinity

In this paper, a novel approach has been proposed for hiding sensitive association rules based on the affinity between the frequent items of the transaction. The affinity between the items is defined as Jaccard similarity. This work proposes five algorithms to ensure the minimum side-effects resulting after applying sanitization algorithms to hide sensitive knowledge. Transaction affinity has been introduced which is calculated by adding the affinity of frequent items present in the transaction with the victim-item (item to be modified). Transactions are selected either by increasing or decreasing value of affinity for data distortion to hide association rules. The first two algorithms, MaxaffinityDSR and MinaffinityDSR, hide the sensitive information by selecting the victim item as the right-hand side of the sensitive association rule. The next two algorithms, MaxaffinityDSL and MinaffinityDSL, select the victim item from the left-hand side of the rule whereas the Hybrid approach picks the victim item from either the left-hand side or right-hand side. The performance of proposed algorithms has been evaluated by comparison with state-of-art methods (Algo 1.a and Algo 1.b), MinFIA, MaxFIA and Naive algorithms. The experiments were performed using the dataset generated from IBM synthetic data generator, and implementation has been performed in R language

Development and Validation of Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Rilpivirine Hydrochloride in Tablet Dosage Form

A simple, sensitive, rapid and reproducible HPLC Method was developed and validated for estimation of Rilpivirine in the presence of degradation products generated from forced decomposition studies. The analysis was carried out on Hypersil BDS C18, 250 X 4.6mm, 5? column using a mixture of ammonium acetate Buffer (pH to 6.0 0.05) and Acetonitrile in the proportion 55:45 respectively as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/minute. The wavelength selected for the analysis was 300 nm. The peak for Rilpivirine HCl was observed at 10.33 minute. A linear response was observed in the range of 12.5 - 62.5 ?g/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The method was validated for specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy and robustness. The obtained results were indicating that the method is selective in analysis of Rilpivirine in the presence of degradation products formed under various stress conditions

Schwannian stroma poor calcified bilateral neuroblastoma of adrenal gland: a rare case report

Schwannian stroma poor calcified bilateral neuroblastoma of adrenal gland in 14 year old male patient is an exceptionally uncommon, malignant tumor that is derived from the primitive neural crest cells of the adrenal medulla. Neuroblastoma is the fourth most common malignancy of childhood up to five years of age, and very occasionally seen after that. It rarely occurs in the adrenal gland after ten years of age and bilaterally. The diagnosis was established based on clinical, radiological, histopathological and immunohistochemical features. At present, the patient is on chemotherapy and radiotherapy but the recent MRI is showing bilateral pubic bone and femur metastasis. Conclusion: Schwannian stroma poor calcified bilateral neuroblastoma of adrenal gland is a rare tumor at the age of 14 years which needs precise histopathological assessment and confirmation by Immunohistochemistry

DEVELOPMENT OF A DENSITOMETRIC HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF URSOLIC ACID IN THE LEAVES OF SPECIES OF GENUS TECOMA AND TABEBUIA OF BIGNONIACEAE FAMILY

Objective: A simple and sensitive high-performance thin–layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method was developed for the quantification of ursolic acid in the leaves of three species of genus Tecoma (Tecoma gaudichaudi DC, Tecoma capensis (Thunb.) Lindl, Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth) and genus Tabebuia (Tabebuia rosea Bertol) belong to family Bignoniaceae.Methods: Chromatography was performed on Silica gel 60 F254 precoated HPTLC Plates with optimised mobile phase pet ether: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7:3:0.5, v/v/v). The plate was derivatized with p-anisaldehyde reagent and scanned at 540 nm. The developed method was found to give a compact spot for ursolic acid at Rf value 0.43±0.01. The method was validated using International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, including linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness.Results: Ursolic acid was found to be present in four species, i.e., Tecoma gaudichaudi DC (1.48%w/w), Tecoma capensis (Thunb.) Lindl. (0.79%w/w), Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. Ex Kunth (1.11%w/w), Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) (1.13%w/w). A good linearity relationship was found to be (200-1400ng band−1) with a correlation coefficient (r2) value of 0.9946 with ursolic acid. Limit of detection and limit of quantification was considered to be 40.66, 123.21 ng per band respectively. The developed method was found to be accurate and precise with 1.32%, 1.19% (%RSD) for interday and intraday precision. The accuracy of the method was performed by recovery studies at three different concentration levels, and the average percentage recovery was found to be 98.05% for ursolic acid.Conclusion: The proposed method for the quantitation of ursolic acid was found to be reproducible and simple

The external quality assessment scheme in coagulation: five years’ experience as a participating laboratory

Background:The attainment of quality services in a laboratory requires a comprehensive quality assurance programme which includes both internal and external quality control. External Quality Assessment Scheme (EQAS) programmes are accepted around the world as invaluable tools by laboratories to assess the performance of their testing systems. Results are objectively compared to other laboratories, using the same methodologies for every parameter. The goal of this study was to review EQAS results from time to time in an effort to improve the performance of the laboratory.Methods: Observational study done at Pramukhswami medical college, Shree Krishna hospital, Karamsad from January 2009 to December 2013. In the present study we have evaluated our EQAS test result of the past five years, from 2009 to 2013. We receive two samples in duplicate in lyophilised form, which are stored at 2-8°C in the refrigerator. The samples are reconstituted with 1 ml of distilled water at the time of procedure. The samples are received quarterly in a year. The test results of all the samples are analysed and documented.Results: Satisfactory results were obtained in all the cycles except four times. Discrepancy was observed in Prothrombin time INR (International Standardized Ratio). Root cause analysis was performed and necessary action taken.Conclusion:This participation in EQAS over the last five years has helped us significantly to improve our laboratory services in terms of performance evaluation, patient care and overall quality of laboratory practices.

Management of comminuted fractures of the shaft of femur by interlocking nailing at a tertiary level hospital in India

Background: Fracture shaft of femur is one of the most common fractures encountered in orthopaedic practice. Fracture shaft of femur is major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who sustain high energy trauma. This study looks at the epidemiology of patients presenting with femur fracture at a tertiary level hospital in Navi Mumbai.Methods: This prospective study was performed at a tertiary level hospital in Navi Mumbai from January 1, 2014 till July 31, 2015. All patients aged 18 years or above, who presented with comminuted femur fracture and were treated with interlocking nailing was included in the study. Various clinical and radiological parameters were collected during the course of treatment.Results: 50 patients were included in the study; 84% males. 88% aged 50 years or less. Road traffic accident was the most common mode of injury and 54% of patients had fracture in the middle one-third femur. 76% of the patients presented within 24 hours of injury. 52% of the patient’s demonstrated clinical union of the fracture in 12 to 14 weeks and majority showed radiological union in 16 to 18 weeks. Partial weight bearing was started in 36% patients in 10 weeks and full weight bearing in 42% patients in 16 weeks. Majority of the patients stayed in hospital for 10 to 14 days and the functional outcome as measured by Klemm and Borner criteria was excellent in 66% patients. Complications were seen only in 6 patients.Conclusions: In our experience, interlocking nailing had very low complication rate and excellent functional outcome in two thirds patients of comminuted femur fracture

ANTICONVULSANT AND SEDATIVE ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS OF CARISSA CARANDAS LEAVES.

The present study was carried out to find out the preliminary phytochemical properties, anticonvulsant and sedative activities of the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of Carissa carandas leaves. The standard methods were used to screen the preliminary photochemicals present  in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of Carissa carandas leaves. The anticonvulsant efficacy of the extracts was determined using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in experimental animal models using diazepam as standard drug and the sedative effect was evaluated using pentobarbitone that induced sleep in mice. The efficacy of the extracts was compared against the standard drug Diazepam .The preliminary phytochemical investigation shows presence of alkaloids, glycoside, tannins,terpins . The crude extracts of ethanolic, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether at a dose 400 mg/kg has been found to significantly reduce the extensor and stupor and offer protection against convulsion induced by PTZ. The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and ethanolic extract found to be non significant at a dose of 100 mg/kg in flexion. It is seen that the crude extracts of ethanolic, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether Of Carissa carandas leaves significantly (p < 0.05) prolonged the time of sodium pentobarbital-induced hypnosis. However, the animal study revealed that the anticonvulsant and sedative activities of Carissa carandas can be used in the treatment of epilepsy. Key words- Carissa carandas, anticonvulsant, pentobarbitone, hypnosis, epilepsy.         &nbsp

Occurrence of psychiatric disorders in the patients of multi drug resistant tuberculosis under treatment

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is considered as one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Even though fatality of TB is well known, treatment non-adherence is major barrier related to management of TB. Studies have shown that there is strong association between psychiatric disorders and treatment nonadherence to TB. Psychiatric issues present a challenge in the treatment of patients with multi drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Both baseline psychiatric disorders and development of psychiatric complications related to anti-tuberculosis drugs require aggressive management for better management of TB. The objective of the present endeavour was to study the occurrence of psychiatric complications in patients of MDR-TB during treatmentMethods: Patients of MDR-TB registered at PMDT centre situated at a tertiary level hospital were screened for psychiatric disorder by using GHQ-12 and assessment was done using structured clinical interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-1) research version. Diagnosis of psychiatric disorder was made on the basis of DSM-IV-TR.Results: Psychiatric disorders were already present in 8 (6.15%) patients before the start of MDR-TB treatment and development of psychiatric disorder in 12 (9.23%) patients after initiation of the treatment. Depressive disorder (n=9; 6.9%), anxiety disorder (n=5; 3.8%) and psychosis (n=4; 3.1%) were most frequent psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: GHQ-12 was found to be very useful screening instrument for detection of psychiatric disorders. The regimen IV anti tubercular drugs used for the treatment of MDR-TB drug resistant tuberculosis, significantly increases the risk of development of psychiatric disorders.