55 research outputs found
Push and Pull Forces in Lipid Raft Formation: The Push Can Be as Important as the Pull
Nearest-neighbor
recognition measurements have been made using
exchangeable mimics of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphocholine
and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphocholine in
the liquid-ordered (<i>l</i><sub>o</sub>) and liquid-disordered
(<i>l</i><sub>d</sub>) states. In the <i>l</i><sub>d</sub> phase, the net interaction between these two lipids
is repulsive. In the <i>l</i><sub>o</sub> phase, their interactions
are neither attractive nor repulsive. These results, together with
previous nearest-neighbor measurements, imply that the overall driving
force for lipid domain formation in bilayers composed of high-melting
lipids, low-melting lipids, and cholesterol, corresponds to a strong
pull (attraction) between the high-melting lipids and cholesterol,
a significant push (repulsion) between the low-melting and high-melting
lipids, and a significant push between the low-melting lipids and
cholesterol. In a broader context, these results provide strong support
for the notion that repulsive forces play a major role in the formation
of lipid rafts
Centimeter-Scale Achromatic Hybrid Metalens Design: A New Paradigm Based on Differentiable Ray Tracing in the Visible Spectrum
Single metalenses are limited by their physical constraints, precluding themselves from achieving high numerical aperture across a wide visible spectral band in large-aperture applications. A hybrid system that integrates a metalens with a refractive lens can address this issue, yet previous designs lacked sufficient flexibility. Here, by reanalyzing the generalized Snell's law, we introduce a new paradigm for the hybrid metalens design based on differentiable ray tracing. Through joint optimization of the phase distribution of the metalens and refractive lens parameters, our system achieves achromatic performance within the broad spectral range of 440-700 nm, with an aperture of 1 cm and an f-number of 1.4. Owing to the differentiable nature of the proposed system, it can be seamlessly integrated as the optical front-end into any differentiable computational imaging system. Our system offers unprecedented opportunities for the advancement of metalenses in innovative optical design and computational imaging domains
Covalent Triazine-Based Frameworks with Ultramicropores and High Nitrogen Contents for Highly Selective CO<sub>2</sub> Capture
Porous
organic frameworks (POFs) are a class of porous materials
composed of organic precursors linked by covalent bonds. The objective
of this work is to develop POFs with both ultramicropores and high
nitrogen contents for CO<sub>2</sub> capture. Specifically, two covalent
triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) with ultramicropores (pores of width
<7 Ă…) based on short (fumaronitrile, FUM) and wide monomers
(1,4-dicyanonaphthalene, DCN) were synthesized. The obtained CTF-FUM
and CTF-DCN possess excellent chemical and thermal stability with
ultramicropores of 5.2 and 5.4 Ă…, respectively. In addition,
they exhibit excellent ability to selectively capture CO<sub>2</sub> due to ultramicroporous nature. Especially, CTF-FUM-350 has the
highest nitrogen content (27.64%) and thus the highest CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity (57.2 cc/g at 298 K) and selectivities for CO<sub>2</sub> over N<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> (102.4 and 20.5 at
298 K, respectively) among all CTF-FUM and CTF-DCN. More impressively,
as far as we know, the CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> selectivity is
larger than that of all reported CTFs and ranks in top 10 among all
reported POFs. Dynamic breakthrough curves indicate that both CTFs
could indeed separate gas mixtures of CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> completely
Perfluorooctyl Iodide Stimulates Steroidogenesis in H295R Cells via a Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway
Perfluorinated
iodine alkanes (PFIs) are used widely in the organic
fluorine industry. Increased production of PFIs has caused environmental
health concerns. To evaluate the potential endocrine-disrupting effect
of PFIs, we investigated the effects of perfluorooctyl iodide (PFOI)
on steroidogenesis in human adrenocortical carcinoma cells (H295R).
Levels of aldosterone, cortisol, 17β-estradiol, and testosterone
were measured in H295R culture medium upon treatment with perfluorooctanoic
acid (PFOA) and PFIs. Expression of 10 steroidogenic genes (<i>StAR</i>, <i>HMGR</i>, <i>CYP11A1</i>, <i>3βHSD2</i>, <i>17βHSD</i>, <i>CYP17</i>, <i>CYP21</i>, <i>CYP11B1</i>, <i>CYP11B2</i>, and <i>CYP19</i>) was measured by real-time polymerase
chain reaction. Levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and
adenylate cyclase (AC) activity were measured to understand the underlying
mechanism of steroidogenic perturbations. Levels of production of
aldosterone, cortisol, and 17β-estradiol were elevated significantly,
and the level of testosterone generation decreased upon treatment
with 100 ÎĽM PFOI. Similar to the effect induced by forskolin
(AC activator), expression of all 10 genes involved in the synthesis
of steroid hormones was upregulated significantly upon exposure to
100 ÎĽM PFOI. PFOA had no effect on steroid hormone production
or steroidogenic gene expression even though it is highly structurally
similar with PFOI. Therefore, the terminal -CF<sub>2</sub>I group
in PFOI could be a critical factor for mediation of steroidogenesis.
PFOI increased AC activity and cAMP levels in H295R cells, which implied
an underlying mechanism for the disturbance of steroidogenesis. These
data suggest that PFOI may act as an AC activator, thereby stimulating
steroidogenesis by activating a cAMP signaling pathway
Image_5_Hepcidin is upregulated and is a potential therapeutic target associated with immunity in glioma.jpeg
BackgroundGlioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. Hepcidin is a fascinating iron metabolism regulator. However, the prognostic value of hepcidin HAMP in gliomas and its correlation with immune cell infiltration remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively elucidate the prognostic value and potential role of hepcidin in gliomas.MethodsHepcidin gene expression and clinical characteristics in glioma were analyzed using the CGGA, TCGA, Rembrandt and Gravendeel glioma databases. A survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. A gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to select the pathways significantly enriched for hepcidin associations. The correlations between hepcidin and immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy were analyzed using network platforms such as CIBERSORT and TIMER.ResultsIn glioma tissues, the expression of hepcidin was significantly increased. High hepcidin expression is related to grade, age, PRS type, IDH mutation, chemotherapy status and 1p19q codeletion status, which significantly indicates the poor prognosis of glioma patients. Hepcidin can be used as an independent prognostic factor for glioma through the multivariate COX regression analysis. The results of Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that hepcidin was involved in the immune response. In addition, hepcidin expression was positively correlated with the degree of immune cell infiltration, the expression of various immune cell markers and the efficacy of immunotherapy.ConclusionOur results indicate that hepcidin can be used as a candidate biomarker to judge the prognosis and immune cell invasion of gliomas.</p
Phosphine-Catalyzed [8 + 2]-Annulation of Heptafulvenes with Allenoates and Its Asymmetric Variant: Construction of BicycloÂ[5.3.0]Âdecane Scaffold
In this paper, a phosphine-catalyzed
[8 + 2]-annulation of heptafulvene
with allenoates has been achieved under mild conditions, giving functionalized
bicycloÂ[5.3.0]Âdecane derivatives in moderate to excellent
yields. Using chiral phosphine as the catalyst, optically active products
were obtained in moderate to high yields with excellent enantioselectivities
Image_6_Hepcidin is upregulated and is a potential therapeutic target associated with immunity in glioma.jpeg
BackgroundGlioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. Hepcidin is a fascinating iron metabolism regulator. However, the prognostic value of hepcidin HAMP in gliomas and its correlation with immune cell infiltration remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively elucidate the prognostic value and potential role of hepcidin in gliomas.MethodsHepcidin gene expression and clinical characteristics in glioma were analyzed using the CGGA, TCGA, Rembrandt and Gravendeel glioma databases. A survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. A gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to select the pathways significantly enriched for hepcidin associations. The correlations between hepcidin and immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy were analyzed using network platforms such as CIBERSORT and TIMER.ResultsIn glioma tissues, the expression of hepcidin was significantly increased. High hepcidin expression is related to grade, age, PRS type, IDH mutation, chemotherapy status and 1p19q codeletion status, which significantly indicates the poor prognosis of glioma patients. Hepcidin can be used as an independent prognostic factor for glioma through the multivariate COX regression analysis. The results of Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that hepcidin was involved in the immune response. In addition, hepcidin expression was positively correlated with the degree of immune cell infiltration, the expression of various immune cell markers and the efficacy of immunotherapy.ConclusionOur results indicate that hepcidin can be used as a candidate biomarker to judge the prognosis and immune cell invasion of gliomas.</p
Image_2_Hepcidin is upregulated and is a potential therapeutic target associated with immunity in glioma.jpeg
BackgroundGlioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. Hepcidin is a fascinating iron metabolism regulator. However, the prognostic value of hepcidin HAMP in gliomas and its correlation with immune cell infiltration remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively elucidate the prognostic value and potential role of hepcidin in gliomas.MethodsHepcidin gene expression and clinical characteristics in glioma were analyzed using the CGGA, TCGA, Rembrandt and Gravendeel glioma databases. A survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. A gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to select the pathways significantly enriched for hepcidin associations. The correlations between hepcidin and immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy were analyzed using network platforms such as CIBERSORT and TIMER.ResultsIn glioma tissues, the expression of hepcidin was significantly increased. High hepcidin expression is related to grade, age, PRS type, IDH mutation, chemotherapy status and 1p19q codeletion status, which significantly indicates the poor prognosis of glioma patients. Hepcidin can be used as an independent prognostic factor for glioma through the multivariate COX regression analysis. The results of Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that hepcidin was involved in the immune response. In addition, hepcidin expression was positively correlated with the degree of immune cell infiltration, the expression of various immune cell markers and the efficacy of immunotherapy.ConclusionOur results indicate that hepcidin can be used as a candidate biomarker to judge the prognosis and immune cell invasion of gliomas.</p
Image_3_Hepcidin is upregulated and is a potential therapeutic target associated with immunity in glioma.jpeg
BackgroundGlioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. Hepcidin is a fascinating iron metabolism regulator. However, the prognostic value of hepcidin HAMP in gliomas and its correlation with immune cell infiltration remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively elucidate the prognostic value and potential role of hepcidin in gliomas.MethodsHepcidin gene expression and clinical characteristics in glioma were analyzed using the CGGA, TCGA, Rembrandt and Gravendeel glioma databases. A survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. A gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to select the pathways significantly enriched for hepcidin associations. The correlations between hepcidin and immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy were analyzed using network platforms such as CIBERSORT and TIMER.ResultsIn glioma tissues, the expression of hepcidin was significantly increased. High hepcidin expression is related to grade, age, PRS type, IDH mutation, chemotherapy status and 1p19q codeletion status, which significantly indicates the poor prognosis of glioma patients. Hepcidin can be used as an independent prognostic factor for glioma through the multivariate COX regression analysis. The results of Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that hepcidin was involved in the immune response. In addition, hepcidin expression was positively correlated with the degree of immune cell infiltration, the expression of various immune cell markers and the efficacy of immunotherapy.ConclusionOur results indicate that hepcidin can be used as a candidate biomarker to judge the prognosis and immune cell invasion of gliomas.</p
Image_7_Hepcidin is upregulated and is a potential therapeutic target associated with immunity in glioma.jpeg
BackgroundGlioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. Hepcidin is a fascinating iron metabolism regulator. However, the prognostic value of hepcidin HAMP in gliomas and its correlation with immune cell infiltration remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively elucidate the prognostic value and potential role of hepcidin in gliomas.MethodsHepcidin gene expression and clinical characteristics in glioma were analyzed using the CGGA, TCGA, Rembrandt and Gravendeel glioma databases. A survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. A gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to select the pathways significantly enriched for hepcidin associations. The correlations between hepcidin and immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy were analyzed using network platforms such as CIBERSORT and TIMER.ResultsIn glioma tissues, the expression of hepcidin was significantly increased. High hepcidin expression is related to grade, age, PRS type, IDH mutation, chemotherapy status and 1p19q codeletion status, which significantly indicates the poor prognosis of glioma patients. Hepcidin can be used as an independent prognostic factor for glioma through the multivariate COX regression analysis. The results of Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that hepcidin was involved in the immune response. In addition, hepcidin expression was positively correlated with the degree of immune cell infiltration, the expression of various immune cell markers and the efficacy of immunotherapy.ConclusionOur results indicate that hepcidin can be used as a candidate biomarker to judge the prognosis and immune cell invasion of gliomas.</p
- …