Population-based hospitalization incidence of respiratory viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children younger than 5 years of age

published_or_final_versio

Streptococcus pneumonia serotype 19A bacteremia in a child fully immunized with 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

postprin

Severe macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia associated with macrolide failure

We investigated differences in outcomes between 68 children hospitalized with macrolide-sensitive Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MSMP group) and 25 children hospitalized with macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MRMP group). In the MRMP group, 19 children received macrolides and clinical failure occurred in six of which five had pneumonia progression during therapy.published_or_final_versio

Increase in the nasopharyngeal carriage of non-vaccine serogroup 15 Streptococcus pneumoniae after introduction of children pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in Hong Kong

This study assessed pneumococcal carriage in the early periods after routine use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in Hong Kong. Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 1110 children (<5 years) admitted with acute illness during September 2010–August 2013. Pneumococcal carriage rate was 13.5% in unvaccinated children, 14.1% in children who had ≥1 PCV dose and 15.3% in children who had ≥3 PCV doses. Nonv-PCV13 serotypes comprised 56.4% of all isolates. The most common serogroup/types were 15 (15A, 5.1%; 15B, 10.3%; 15C, 9.6%; 15F, 0.6%), 19F (17.9%), 6A (7.1%) and 6C (7.1%). Carriage of serogroup 15 was more common among vaccinated children (4.1% versus 0.6%, P = 0.033). Molecular typing revealed that expansion of several clones (clonal complex, CC63, CC199, CC1262, CC3397) was responsible for the increase in serogroup 15. Almost all CC63 and CC3397 isolates were nonsusceptible to both penicillin and erythromycin. The finding highlights the emergence of serogroup 15 following PCV13 use.postprin

Population-Based Pediatric Hospitalization Burden of Lineage-Specific Influenza B in Hong Kong, 2004–2014

postprin

Population-Based Hospitalization Burden of Influenza A Virus Subtypes and Antigenic Drift Variants in Children in Hong Kong (2004-2011)

published_or_final_versio

Population-based incidence of community-acquired pneumonia hospitalization in Hong Kong children younger than 5 years before universal conjugate pneumococcal immunization

Objectives: We sought to document the incidence of pediatric hospitalization for bacterial pneumonia before universal childhood conjugate pneumococcal vaccination using two different methods of diagnosis. Methods: By following the World Health Organization (WHO) chest radiography (CXR) protocol, two radiologists independently read the CXRs of a cohort of systematically recruited children younger than 5 years. The children had acute respiratory infections and were admitted to one of two hospitals that care for 72.5% of all pediatric admissions on Hong Kong Island. Medical records were reviewed for clinical manifestation and to identify bacterial pneumonia diagnosed by pediatricians. Results: In children younger than 5 years, the incidences of bacterial pneumonia, as diagnosed by pediatricians and by the WHO CXR standard, were 775.7 per 100,000 population [95% confidence interval (CI, 591.8-998.3)] and 439.5 per 100,000 population (95% CI, 304.6-614.5), respectively. The study period was from 2002 to 2004. Conclusion: This study provided a reliable baseline estimate of the hospitalization burden of pneumococcal pneumonia in Hong Kong children before the advent of universal conjugate pneumococcal vaccination. © 2014

Action learning to improve nursing students’ capacity in disaster preparedness

2013-2014 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

The effect of age and recent influenza vaccination history on the immunogenicity and efficacy of 2009-10 seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination in children

published_or_final_versio

Interim estimates of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination against influenza-associated hospitalization in children in Hong Kong, 2015-16

From 1 September 2015 through 31 January 2016, we enrolled 2068 children 6 months to 17 years of age admitted to hospital with a febrile acute respiratory infection in our test-negative study. Information on receipt of 2015-16 northern hemisphere inactivated influenza vaccination was elicited from parents or legal guardians. Using conditional logistic regression adjusting for age and matching on calendar time, we estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization with influenza A or B to be 79.2% (95% confidence interval: 42.0%-92.4%). Annual influenza vaccination should be more widely used in children in Hong Kong. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.published_or_final_versio