El fatalismo como consecuencia del internamiento en prisión y su relación con otras variables psicosociales

La cárcel como institución de control y poder hace que los individuos pierdan el control sobre su vida y su futuro, en consecuencia, se dejan llevar por la inevitable situación configurándose en ellos el fatalismo. La persona internada en una prisión aprende que las cosas le vienen dadas, que apenas puede modificar las circunstancias de su vida. En éste contexto, esta investigación se plantea conocer la relación entre el fatalismo y la calidad de vida, satisfacción vital y apoyo social en personas privadas de libertad. Así mismo se analizan las diferencias en fatalismo en función del sexo, nivel económico, estudios, tiempo en prisión y delito cometido. La muestra está formada por 200 reclusos (175 hombres y 25 mujeres) del Centro Penitenciario de Alhaurín de la Torre (Málaga). Los resultados muestran que las internas femeninas son más fatalistas que los hombres; hay una relación negativa del número de ingresos en prisión, el nivel de estudios y el número de actividades realizadas dentro del Centro Penitenciario, con el fatalismo. Así mismo se encuentra que los internos con delitos relacionados con el sexo (contra la libertad sexual y violencia de género), obtienen menor fatalismo que los que se encuentran internados por delitos comunes. Por último, se destaca la relación negativa entre el fatalismo y el apoyo social.The prison as an institution of control and power makes individuals lose control over their lives and their future, therefore, they are driven by the inevitable situation configured in this way they fatalism. The person confined in a prison learns that things are given, they can just change the circumstances of your life. In this context, this research is aimed at ascertaining the relationship between fatalism and quality of life, life satisfaction and social support detainees. Also the differences in fatalism based on gender, income, education, time in prison and crime are discussed. The sample consists of 200 inmates (175 men and 25 women) of the Penitentiary of Alhaurín de la Torre (Malaga, Spain). The results show that female inmates are more fatalistic than men, there is a negative ratio of the number of prison admissions, educational level and the number of activities within the prison, with fatalism. Also it is found that inmates with sex-related crimes (against sexual freedom and gender violence), get less fatalism that those who are hospitalized for common crimes. Finally, the negative relationship between fatalism and social support stands

El papel del clima social y su relación con otras variables psicosociales en una muestra de personas privadas de libertad

El clima social tiene la base en las interacciones personales, representando la personalidad de un determinado ambiente, con posibilidades de influir en las conductas de los internos y del personal penitenciario. En este estudio se pretende analizar, en una muestra de 150 participantes, el grado y la relación del clima social con la participación social, sentido de comunidad, apoyo social y autoestima. Las personas internas perciben un negativo clima social (CIES), las puntuaciones se sitúan por debajo del 4 en una escala del 1 al 10. Se identifican las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres, entre módulos y entre los que reciben visitas o no.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin for prevention of disease in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trialResearch in context

Summary: Background: Anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin (hIG) can provide standardized and controlled antibody content. Data from controlled clinical trials using hIG for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 outpatients have not been reported. We assessed the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin 20% (C19-IG20%) compared to placebo in preventing development of symptomatic COVID-19 in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We did a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, in asymptomatic unvaccinated adults (≥18 years of age) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days between April 28 and December 27, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive a blinded subcutaneous infusion of 10 mL with 1 g or 2 g of C19-IG20%, or an equivalent volume of saline as placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants who remained asymptomatic through day 14 after infusion. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of individuals who required oxygen supplementation, any medically attended visit, hospitalisation, or ICU, and viral load reduction and viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs. Safety was assessed as the proportion of patients with adverse events. The trial was terminated early due to a lack of potential benefit in the target population in a planned interim analysis conducted in December 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov registry: NCT04847141. Findings: 461 individuals (mean age 39.6 years [SD 12.8]) were randomized and received the intervention within a mean of 3.1 (SD 1.27) days from a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. In the prespecified modified intention-to-treat analysis that included only participants who received a subcutaneous infusion, the primary outcome occurred in 59.9% (91/152) of participants receiving 1 g C19-IG20%, 64.7% (99/153) receiving 2 g, and 63.5% (99/156) receiving placebo (difference in proportions 1 g C19-IG20% vs. placebo, −3.6%; 95% CI -14.6% to 7.3%, p = 0.53; 2 g C19-IG20% vs placebo, 1.1%; −9.6% to 11.9%, p = 0.85). None of the secondary clinical efficacy endpoints or virological endpoints were significantly different between study groups. Adverse event rate was similar between groups, and no severe or life-threatening adverse events related to investigational product infusion were reported. Interpretation: Our findings suggested that administration of subcutaneous human hyperimmune immunoglobulin C19-IG20% to asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection was safe but did not prevent development of symptomatic COVID-19. Funding: Grifols