Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Cotton Lint Qualities of Varieties Grown in Southeastern Arizona, 1989

High Volume Instrument (HVI) classing of eighteen cotton varieties grown at several elevations in southeastern Arizona are compared by location in this paper. Data presented herein would indicate that elevation does not affect fiber length nor strength, these factors are more a function of variety and management. Micronaire values were seen to be lower at the higher elevations and this was felt to be a function of lower maturity level because of reduced growing season coupled with production of fine fibered New Mexico acalas. This report also contains HVI values on lint from 47 varieties of short staple cotton grown on the Safford Agricultural Center during the 1989 season

1991 Cotton Replant Decisions, Safford Agricultural Center

Each planting season in the Safford valley there are fields that suffer stand reduction from adverse weather conditions. This study addresses some of the options and the economical effects from exercising these options on a field at the Safford Agricultural Center. References are made to work in California that have quantified the yield effect of stand reduction and chilling damage to cotton seedlings. This study shows that patience may pay better than rushing into the field to replant or rewater

Wheat and Barley Rate and Date Studies: Safford Agricultural Center, 1988 to 1990

Seeding rates of wheat and barley varying from 50 to 250 pounds per acre were planted at four or five planting dates from the 1987-88 season to the 1989-90 season. Optimum seeding rates for wheat seemed to be near the upper limit whereas for barley it fell between 150 and 250 pounds per acre. This is considerably higher than what is commonly recommended in other parts of the state

Cotton Variety Observation, Safford Agricultural Center, 1986

The check variety, Delta Pine 90, produced more than any of the new varieties in this unreplicated strip test. However, three new varieties produced yields within 10 % of the Delta Pine 90 yields; they were BR 110, Northrup King 111 and Germains GC 365

Cotton Variety Observation, Safford Agricultural Center, 1986

The check variety, Delta Pine 90, produced more than any of the new varieties in this unreplicated strip test. However, three new varieties produced yields within 10 % of the Delta Pine 90 yields; they were BR 110, Northrup King 111 and Germains GC 365

Cotton Row Spacing Study on Long and Short Staple Cotton, Safford Agricultural Center, 1992

A row spacing study was conducted on both long and short staple cotton on the Safford Agricultural Center. The results of this study showed that yields increased from the narrower spaced rows (36 -30 inch and 30 inch spacings) to the wider spaced rows (36 inch and 40 inch spacings). This is the same trend as reported previously with long staple cotton but differs from that previously reported for short staple cotton. Yields of 1.67 and 25 bales per acre for long and short staple cotton were reported

Influence of Multiple Applications of PIX on Long and Short Staple Cotton, Safford 1989

A four-by-four factorial experiment was performed on the Safford Agricultural Center to determine if CaZn, Foliar Triggrr or Soil Triggrr would cause increases in lint yields on short or long staple cotton. Four levels of PIX were used to see if there would be any interaction between PIX and the other materials. The results in 1989 showed that CaZn and the Trier products did not increase yields, the levels of PIX did not increase yields and there was no interaction between them. Very favorable weather conditions and good crop management kept plants from growing vegetative and prevented crop stress, thus reducing the opportunity for the plant growth regulators to increase yields. Yields were excellent with over 1700 and 1600 pounds of lint per acre for short and long staple cotton, respectively

Cotton Variety Trial, Safford Agricultural Center, 1991

Forty one short staple varieties and Pima S-6 were grown in a replicated field trial on the Safford Agricultural Center in Graham county. Most of the varieties were commercially available in the cotton belt, however, a few experimental varieties from the New Mexico acalas, ChemBred and from Delta Pines were included. Yields were 15 to 30% lower than the yields in this trial in 1990, with only one variety producing more than 4000 pounds of seed cotton per acre. The top variety was CB (ChemBred) 407 with a yield of 4177 pounds per acre. HS Sal 10, which was number two last year, retained that position in 1991. Newcomers to the top ten were: S1001, HS 46, CBX 1210, DP 5690, STV 506 and DP 5415. Heat unit data from the past couple of years are given in this report along with the average heat unit accumulation

The Use of AZSCHED to Schedule Irrigations on Wheat

AZSCHED irrigation software was used to schedule irrigation on Aldura wheat on the Safford Agricultural Center with very good results. Irrigations were scheduled at 40%, 50% and 60% calculated soil water depletion throughout the critical part of the growing season. The plots being irrigated at 40% depletion yielded the most and had the highest water use efficiency and showed the least plant stress. Comparing data with previous experiments, it was noted that increased inputs of higher seeding rate and higher nitrogen rate also increased the water use efficiency