CMS endcap RPC gas gap production for upgrade

The CMS experiment will install a RE4 layer of 144 new Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) on the existing york YE3 at both endcap regions to trigger high momentum muons from the proton-proton interaction. In this paper, we present the detailed procedures used in the production of new RPC gas gaps adopted in the CMS upgrade. Quality assurance is enforced as ways to maintain the same quality of RPC gas gaps as the existing 432 endcap RPC chambers that have been operational since the beginning of the LHC operation

Limiting Behaviour of the Mean Residual Life

In survival or reliability studies, the mean residual life or life expectancy is an important characteristic of the model. Here, we study the limiting behaviour of the mean residual life, and derive an asymptotic expansion which can be used to obtain a good approximation for large values of the time variable. The asymptotic expansion is valid for a quite general class of failure rate distributions--perhaps the largest class that can be expected given that the terms depend only on the failure rate and its derivatives.Comment: 19 page

Role of combined DWIBS/3D-CE-T1w whole-body MRI in tumor staging: Comparison with PET-CT

Objectives: To assess the diagnostic performance of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) by diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) in malignant tumor detection and the potential diagnostic advantages in generating fused DWIBS/3D-contrast enhanced T1w (3D-CE-T1w) images. Methods: 45 cancer patients underwent 18F-FDG PET-CT and WB-MRI for staging purpose. Fused DWIBS/3D-CE T1w images were generated off-line. 3D-CE-T1w, DWIBS images alone and fused with 3D-CE T1w were compared by two readers groups for detection of primary diseases and local/distant metastases. Diagnostic performance between the three WB-MRI data sets was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Imaging exams and histopathological results were used as standard of references. Results: Areas under the ROC curves of DWIBS vs. 3D-CE-T1w vs. both sequences in fused fashion were 0.97, 0.978, and 1.00, respectively. The diagnostic performance in tumor detection of fused DWIBS/3DCE- T1w images were statistically superior to DWIBS (p < 0.001) and 3D-CE-T1w (p ≤ 0.002); while the difference between DWIBS and 3D-CE-T1w did not show statistical significance difference. Detection rates of malignancy did not differ between WB-MRI with DWIBS and 18F-FDG PET-CT. Conclusion: WB-MRI with DWIBS is to be considered as alternative tool to conventional whole-body methods for tumor staging and during follow-up in cancer patients

A study of gas contaminants and interaction with materials in RPC closed loop systems

Resistive Plate Counters (RPC) detectors at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments use gas recirculation systems to cope with large gas mixture volumes and costs. In this paper a long-term systematic study about gas purifiers, gas contaminants and detector performance is discussed. The study aims at measuring the lifetime of purifiers with unused and used cartridge material along with contaminants release in the gas system. During the data-taking the response of several RPC double-gap detectors was monitored in order to characterize the correlation between dark currents, filter status and gas contaminants

The Upgrade of the CMS RPC System during the First LHC Long Shutdown

The CMS muon system includes in both the barrel and endcap region Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC). They mainly serve as trigger detectors and also improve the reconstruction of muon parameters. Over the years, the instantaneous luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider gradually increases. During the LHC Phase 1 (~first 10 years of operation) an ultimate luminosity is expected above its design value of 10^34/cm^2/s at 14 TeV. To prepare the machine and also the experiments for this, two long shutdown periods are scheduled for 2013-2014 and 2018-2019. The CMS Collaboration is planning several detector upgrades during these long shutdowns. In particular, the muon detection system should be able to maintain a low-pT threshold for an efficient Level-1 Muon Trigger at high particle rates. One of the measures to ensure this, is to extend the present RPC system with the addition of a 4th layer in both endcap regions. During the first long shutdown, these two new stations will be equipped in the region |eta|<1.6 with 144 High Pressure Laminate (HPL) double-gap RPCs operating in avalanche mode, with a similar design as the existing CMS endcap chambers. Here, we present the upgrade plans for the CMS RPC system for the fist long shutdown, including trigger simulation studies for the extended system, and details on the new HPL production, the chamber assembly and the quality control procedures.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, presented by M.Tytgat at the XI workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors (RPC2012), INFN - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, February 5-10, 201

Performance of the Gas Gain Monitoring system of the CMS RPC muon detector and effective working point fine tuning

The Gas Gain Monitoring (GGM) system of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) muon detector in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment provides fast and accurate determination of the stability in the working point conditions due to gas mixture changes in the closed loop recirculation system. In 2011 the GGM began to operate using a feedback algorithm to control the applied voltage, in order to keep the GGM response insensitive to environmental temperature and atmospheric pressure variations. Recent results are presented on the feedback method used and on alternative algorithms

Search for the standard model Higgs boson in associated WH production in the eμτ and μμτ final states

A search for WH events has been performed by using data collected in 2011 at CMS corresponding to 4.7 fb−1. No signal is found and therefore upper limits are given in the Higgs mass range [100, 140] GeV/c2

Respostas fisiológicas de bovinos Nelore, Senepol x Nelore e Angus x Nelore submetidos a teste de tolerância ao calor. I

a cadeia produtiva pecuária brasileira tem vivenciado aumento na introdução de raças taurinas (adaptadas e não adaptadas) e no uso de cruzamento industrial, todavia, pouco se sabe sobre a adaptabilidade desses grupos genéticos e dos produtos de seus cruzamentos às condições brasileiras. Assim sendo, o objetivo neste estudo é avaliar as respostas fisiológicas relacionadas à adaptabilidade de bovinos Nelore (NE) e cruzados Angus x Nelore (TA) e Senepol x Nelore (SN) submetidos a um teste de tolerância ao calor. O estudo foi executado na Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, em São Carlos, SP, utilizando 15 fêmeas de cada grupo genético, com aproximadamente 14 meses de idade. Os animais foram avaliados em dias quentes de verão, sendo realizadas medidas de temperatura retal, de freqüência respiratória e de taxa de sudação. Nos dias do teste, a média do índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU), às 13 horas, foi de 78,9. Os animais cruzados Angus x Nelore apresentaram maior freqüência respiratória que os animais dos outros grupos genéticos e alta taxa de sudação, não diferindo do grupo Nelore. Os animais do grupo Senepol x Nelore apresentaram valores de taxa de sudação inferiores ao dos outros dois grupos (P<0,05). Esses resultados mostram que os animais Senepol x Nelore foram mais eficientes para manter a homeostase corporal, apresentando menores valores de freqüência respiratória e de taxa de sudação. Todavia os três grupos genéticos apresentaram valores semelhantes de temperatura corporal no teste de tolerância ao calor

Z → ττ production at CMS

The first measurement of the Z → ττ cross-section reconstructing hadronic and leptonic tau final states is presented. The data collected in 2010 with the CMS detector (CMS Collaboration, JINST 3 (2008) S08004) from p-p collisions at √s = 7TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 36 pb−1, are used. The cross section has been measured to be in good agreement with the next-to-next-to-leading order electroweak prediction. The production of Z bosons decaying into tau pairs serves as an important benchmark for tau reconstruction and constitutes a reference Standard Model process for searches at the LHC, like the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model H → ττ

Tests of multigap RPCs for high-eta triggers in CMS

In this paper, we report a systematic study of multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) for high-eta triggers in CMS. Prototype RPC modules with four- and six-gap structures have been constructed with phenolic high-pressure-laminated (HPL) plates and tested with cosmic muons and gamma rays irradiated from a 200-mCi Cs-137 source. The detector characteristics of the prototype multigap RPCs were compared with those of the double-gap RPCs currently used in the CMS experiment at LHC. The mean values for detector charges of cosmic-muon signals drawn in the four- and six-gap RPCs for the efficiency values in the middle of the plateau were about 1.5 and 0.9 pC, respectively, when digitized with charge thresholds of 150 and 100 fC, respectively. They were respectively about one third and one fifth of that drawn in the current CMS double-gap RPC with a charge threshold of 200 fC. We concluded from the current R&D that use of the current phenolic-HPL multigap RPCs is advantageous to the high-eta triggers in CMS in virtue of the smaller detector pulses