Evaluación financiera del proyecto de producción de mermelada de guanábana

Trabajo de gradoEl proyecto de producción de mermelada de guanábana, surge como una propuesta de solución ante el desaprovechamiento de la guanábana en el Municipio de Tununguá (Boyacá). Se desarrolla a través de un estudio sobre el sector hortífruticola; producción y comercialización de guanábana y mermeladas de frutas, estudios de mercados; técnico; y financiero; concluyendo que el proyecto es viable.Trabajo de Grado DirigidoINTRODUCCIÓN 1. MARCO TEÓRICO 2. DIAGNÓSTICO 3. PROPUESTA 4. CONCLUSIONES 5. RECOMENDACIONES 6. REFERENCIAS 7.ANEXOSEspecializaciónEspecialista en Formulación y Evaluación Social y Económica de Proyecto

"Manejo seguro y gestión ambiental de sustancias químicas y residuos peligrosos en mi pymes del sector metalmecánico de Bogotá, 2010" . Caso de estudio.

En las empresas D & R Metalmecánica Ltda. y Acermetálicas Ltda. del sector metalmecánico de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. se presenta una carencia de aplicación de las leyes, normas y decretos impuestos por el gobierno colombiano, tanto en la parte ambiental como en la de salud ocupacional sobre el debido manejo de sustancias químicas y residuos peligrosos. Por tal razón este proyecto presenta dos casos de estudio en las empresas ya mencionadas, donde se diagnosticaron, evaluaron y priorizaron los riesgos presentados en el estado actual y con base en esto logramos la identificación de medidas de control que permiten la mitigación de estos riesgos e impacto ambiental.In companies D & R Metalmecánica Ltda. and Acermetálicas Ltda. of metalmechanic sector of Bogotá D.C shows a lack of law, norms and decrees obediente impose by the Colombian goberment on both the environmental and health as in Occupational about the proper handling of chemicals substances and dangerous resuder. For this reason, this project presents two case studies aforementioned companies, which were diagnosed, evaluated and prioritized the risks presented in the current and based on this we identify control measures that allow mitigation of these risks and environmental impact

Global attitudes in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 pandemic: ACIE Appy Study

Background: Surgical strategies are being adapted to face the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations on the management of acute appendicitis have been based on expert opinion, but very little evidence is available. This study addressed that dearth with a snapshot of worldwide approaches to appendicitis. Methods: The Association of Italian Surgeons in Europe designed an online survey to assess the current attitude of surgeons globally regarding the management of patients with acute appendicitis during the pandemic. Questions were divided into baseline information, hospital organization and screening, personal protective equipment, management and surgical approach, and patient presentation before versus during the pandemic. Results: Of 744 answers, 709 (from 66 countries) were complete and were included in the analysis. Most hospitals were treating both patients with and those without COVID. There was variation in screening indications and modality used, with chest X-ray plus molecular testing (PCR) being the commonest (19\ub78 per cent). Conservative management of complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis was used by 6\ub76 and 2\ub74 per cent respectively before, but 23\ub77 and 5\ub73 per cent, during the pandemic (both P < 0\ub7001). One-third changed their approach from laparoscopic to open surgery owing to the popular (but evidence-lacking) advice from expert groups during the initial phase of the pandemic. No agreement on how to filter surgical smoke plume during laparoscopy was identified. There was an overall reduction in the number of patients admitted with appendicitis and one-third felt that patients who did present had more severe appendicitis than they usually observe. Conclusion: Conservative management of mild appendicitis has been possible during the pandemic. The fact that some surgeons switched to open appendicectomy may reflect the poor guidelines that emanated in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2