14 research outputs found

    Etude de la modulation de la traduction du virus de l'hépatite C par des facteurs viraux en cis et en trans et développement de nouveaux outils via le système lentiviral

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    Le virus de l hépatite C (VHC) est actuellement responsable d un problème de santé mondiale infectant environ 3% de la population. Le VHC possède une molécule d ARN simple brin et de polarité positive ainsi que deux régions non codantes (NC) 5 et 3 . La traduction virale a lieu via une séquence interne d entrée des ribosomes (IRES) située dans la région 5 NC. L objectif de ce travail de thèse a été de clarifier le rôle de facteurs viraux en cis (3 NC) et en trans (C, NS5A, NS5B) dans la régulation de l activité traductionnelle de l IRES. Nous avons utilisé un système double rapporteur ARN, ciblant ainsi la traduction. D après l activité relative de l IRES mesurée (rapport RLuc/FLuc) différents points ont été observés : 1) la région 3 NC stimule fortement l activité IRES en cis, ce qui dépend de la structure secondaire globale; 2) une modulation dose et génotype dépendante de la traduction a été démontrée en présence de C et NS5B ; 3) aucun effet synergique n a été observé entre les protéines virales ou entre les différents facteurs viraux. D après ces résultats, les facteurs viraux étudiés agiraient de façon séquentielle pour moduler la traduction virale. Nous nous sommes ensuite focalisés sur le développement de nouveaux outils. Nous avons établi un système lentiviral bicistronique, qui s est révélé efficace pour le criblage de drogues. Les expériences actuellement en cours visent l établissement d une lignée exprimant constitutivement l ARN polymérase du phage T7 (T7 RNAp), permettant à la fois une analyse fine de la fonctionnalité de l IRES, le criblage de drogues ainsi que l étude d autres virus, remplaçant le système vaccine couramment utilisé.Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is responsible of a major health problem, infecting 3% of world population. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) possesses a positive single-stranded RNA genome with highly structured non coding (NC) regions at its extremities: 5 NC and 3 NC. Translation initiation of HCV RNA occurs via an Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) located at its 5 end. Our aim was to clarify the role of cis (3 NCR) and trans (C, NS5A, NS5B) viral factors on the regulation of IRES activity. By the use of a dual RNA reporter system, targeting the translation step and avoiding the cryptic IRES promoter activity, relative IRES activities measured in luminometry (= RLuc/FLuc activities ratio) revealed the following features : 1) all the HCV 3 non coding (NC) sequences tested highly stimulate in cis the IRES efficiency; 2) a dose and genotype dependent modulation of the translation in trans was shown with the capsid and NS5B ; and 3) not any cooperative effect could be obtained either between viral proteins, or in the presence of both cis and trans factors. Taking together these results encouraged us to propose a model in which the viral factors tested act sequentially to modulate viral translation and the switch to replication. We then focus on the development of novel tools for evaluating the IRES activity analysis. We established a bicistronic lentiviral system, which revealed efficient for drugs screening, however not adequate for a precise IRES activity analysis. Experiments actually in progress aim the precise analysis of IRES activity, drugs screening and in addition the study of other viruses, replacing the vaccine system currently used.PARIS-BIUSJ-Thèses (751052125) / SudocPARIS-BIUSJ-Physique recherche (751052113) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Modulations of the in vitro

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    Antibody responses to hepatitis C envelope proteins in patients with acute or chronic hepatitis C

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    International audienceAntibody responses to the hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins E1 and E2 were analyzed using two original assays in sera from 86 patients in different stages of disease. A Western blot assay and an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) were developed using envelope proteins produced, respectively, in Escherichia coli and in CV1 cells infected with a recombinant SV40. As a third method, the INNO-LIA HCV Ab III assay including E2 synthetic peptides was used. Of 38 chronically infected patients positive for anti-E2 antibodies by IFA, 26 were positive in the Western blot assay (68%) and 25 in the INNO-LIA test (66%). Thus, the detection of anti-envelope antibodies is highly dependent on the antigen formulation, and a native glycosylated form of the proteins is probably needed for their efficient detection. This study shows that the antibody response to HCV envelope proteins depends on the phase of infection. A few acutely infected patients displayed a response to E1 or E2 (36% by Western blot, 7% by IFA), and these antibodies seem to develop in patients evolving toward chronicity. The high prevalence in chronically infected subjects (62% to E2 by Western blot, 90% by IFA), particularly in subjects with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (68% and 100%), confirms that the resolution of infection involves more than these antibodies. The antienvelope response in patients treated with interferon was investigated, but no significant relationship was found between antibody level prior to treatment and the evolution of hepatitis. The detection of anti-envelope antibodies, therefore, is not predictive of the response to antiviral therapy
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