278,630 research outputs found
Exploring cognitive issues in visual information retrieval
A study was conducted that compared user performance across a range of search tasks supported by both a textual and a visual information retrieval interface (VIRI). Test scores representing seven distinct cognitive abilities were examined in relation to user performance. Results indicate that, when using VIRIs, visual-perceptual abilities account for significant amounts of within-subjects variance, particularly when the relevance criteria were highly specific. Visualisation ability also seemed to be a critical factor when users were
required to change topical perspective within the visualisation. Suggestions are made for navigational cues that may help to reduce the effects of these individual differences
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Visualising and animating visual information foraging in context
Optimal information foraging provides a potentially useful framework for modelling, analysing, and interpreting search strategies of users through a spatial-semantic interface. Improving the understanding of behavioural patterns of users in such environments has implications for the design and refinement of a range of user interfaces. In this article, we outline the role of optimal information foraging in the study of visual information retrieval and how one may use visualisation and animation techniques to put behavioural patterns in context. Behavioural patterns of information
foraging in an information space are visualised and animated to aid further in-depth analysis of search strategies
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A study of navigation strategies in spatial-semantic visualizations
Visualisations of abstract data are believed to assist the searcher by providing an overview of the semantic structure of a document collection whereby semantically similar items tend to cluster in space. Cribbin and Chen (2001) found that similarity data represented using minimum spanning tree (MST) graphs provided greater levels of support to users when conducting a range of information seeking tasks, in comparison to simple scatter graphs. MST graphs emphasise the most salient relationships between nodes by means of connecting links. This paper is based on the premise that it is the provision of these links that facilitated search performance. Using a combination of visual observations and existing theory, hypotheses predicting navigational strategies afforded by the MST link structure are presented and tested. The utility, in terms of navigational efficiency and retrieval success, of these and other observed strategies is then examined
Low-loss stripe-line coil for magnetic bubble memory
Stripe-line pattern is etched on both sides of double-sided film. Since conductor thickness is only half that of single-sided film, problems in wrapping and etching are greatly reduced
Non-universal pairing symmetry and pseudogap phenomena in hole- and electron-doped cuprate superconductors
Experimental studies of the pairing state of cuprate superconductors reveal asymmetric behaviors of the hole-doped (p-type) and electron-doped (n-type) cuprates. The pairing symmetry, pseudogap phenomenon, low-energy spin excitations and the spatial homogeneity of the superconducting order parameter appear to be non-universal among the cuprates, which may be attributed to competing orders. We propose that the non-universal pseudogap and nano-scale variations in the quasiparticle spectra may be the result of a charge nematic (CN) phase stabilized by disorder in highly two-dimensional (2D) p-type cuprates. The CN phase is accompanied by gapped spin excitations and competes with superconductivity (SC). In contrast, gapless spin excitations may be responsible for the absence of pseudogap and the presence of excess sub-gap spectral weight in the momentum-independent quasiparticle spectra of n-type cuprates. The physical implications and further verifications for these conjectures are discussed
Collective modes and quasiparticle interference on the local density of states of cuprate superconductors
The energy, momentum, and temperature dependence of the quasiparticle local density of states (LDOS) of a two-dimensional d(x2)-(y2)-wave superconductor with random disorder is investigated using the first-order T-matrix approximation. The results suggest that collective modes such as spin-charge-density waves are relevant low-energy excitations of the cuprates that contribute to the observed LDOS modulations in recent scanning tunneling microscopy studies of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox
Estimation of gravitational acceleration with quantum optical interferometers
The precise estimation of the gravitational acceleration is important for
various disciplines. We consider making such an estimation using quantum
optics. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer in an "optical fountain" type arrangement
is considered and used to define a standard quantum limit for estimating the
gravitational acceleration. We use an approach based on quantum field theory on
a curved, Schwarzschild metric background to calculate the coupling between the
gravitational field and the optical signal. The analysis is extended to include
the injection of a squeezed vacuum to the Mach-Zehnder arrangement and also to
consider an active, two-mode SU(1,1) interferometer in a similar arrangement.
When detection loss is larger than , the SU(1,1) interferometer shows an
advantage over the MZ interferometer with single-mode squeezing input. The
proposed system is based on current technology and could be used to examine the
intersection of quantum theory and general relativity as well as for possible
applications.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure
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