2,572 research outputs found
Lattice Gauge Fixing as Quenching and the Violation of Spectral Positivity
Lattice Landau gauge and other related lattice gauge fixing schemes are known
to violate spectral positivity. The most direct sign of the violation is the
rise of the effective mass as a function of distance. The origin of this
phenomenon lies in the quenched character of the auxiliary field used to
implement lattice gauge fixing, and is similar to quenched QCD in this respect.
This is best studied using the PJLZ formalism, leading to a class of covariant
gauges similar to the one-parameter class of covariant gauges commonly used in
continuum gauge theories. Soluble models are used to illustrate the origin of
the violation of spectral positivity. The phase diagram of the lattice theory,
as a function of the gauge coupling and the gauge-fixing parameter
, is similar to that of the unquenched theory, a Higgs model of a type
first studied by Fradkin and Shenker. The gluon propagator is interpreted as
yielding bound states in the confined phase, and a mixture of fundamental
particles in the Higgs phase, but lattice simulation shows the two phases are
connected. Gauge field propagators from the simulation of an SU(2) lattice
gauge theory on a lattice are well described by a quenched mass-mixing
model. The mass of the lightest state, which we interpret as the gluon mass,
appears to be independent of for sufficiently large .Comment: 28 pages, 14 figures, RevTeX
Quantum tunneling in a three dimensional network of exchange coupled single-molecule magnets
A Mn4 single-molecule magnet (SMM) is used to show that quantum tunneling of
magnetization (QTM) is not suppressed by moderate three dimensional exchange
coupling between molecules. Instead, it leads to an exchange bias of the
quantum resonances which allows precise measurements of the effective exchange
coupling that is mainly due to weak intermolecular hydrogen bounds. The
magnetization versus applied field was recorded on single crystals of [Mn4]2
using an array of micro-SQUIDs. The step fine structure was studied via minor
hysteresis loops.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Evidence for field-induced excitations in low-temperature thermal conductivity of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8
The thermal conductivity ,, of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 was studied as a
function of magnetic field. Above 5 K, after an initial decrease,
presents a kink followed by a plateau, as recently reported by Krishana et al..
By contrast, below 1K, the thermal conductivity was found to \emph{increase}
with increasing field. This behavior is indicative of a finite density of
states and is not compatible with the existence of a field-induced fully gapped
state which was recently proposed to describe the
plateau regime. Our low-temperature results are in agreement with recent works
predicting a field-induced enhancement of thermal conductivity by Doppler shift
of quasi-particle spectrum.Comment: 4 pages including 4 eps figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Chiral extrapolation of lattice data for B-meson decay constant
The B-meson decay constant fB has been calculated from unquenched lattice QCD
in the unphysical region. For extrapolating the lattice data to the physical
region, we propose a phenomenological functional form based on the effective
chiral perturbation theory for heavy mesons, which respects both the heavy
quark symmetry and the chiral symmetry, and the non-relativistic constituent
quark model which is valid at large pion masses. The inclusion of pion loop
corrections leads to nonanalytic contributions to fB when the pion mass is
small. The finite-range regularization technique is employed for the
resummation of higher order terms of the chiral expansion. We also take into
account the finite volume effects in lattice simulations. The dependence on the
parameters and other uncertainties in our model are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 3 Postscript figures, accepted for publication in EPJ
High Energy Physics from High Performance Computing
We discuss Quantum Chromodynamics calculations using the lattice regulator.
The theory of the strong force is a cornerstone of the Standard Model of
particle physics. We present USQCD collaboration results obtained on Argonne
National Lab's Intrepid supercomputer that deepen our understanding of these
fundamental theories of Nature and provide critical support to frontier
particle physics experiments and phenomenology.Comment: Proceedings of invited plenary talk given at SciDAC 2009, San Diego,
June 14-18, 2009, on behalf of the USQCD collaboratio
The constraint equations for the Einstein-scalar field system on compact manifolds
We study the constraint equations for the Einstein-scalar field system on
compact manifolds. Using the conformal method we reformulate these equations as
a determined system of nonlinear partial differential equations. By introducing
a new conformal invariant, which is sensitive to the presence of the initial
data for the scalar field, we are able to divide the set of free conformal data
into subclasses depending on the possible signs for the coefficients of terms
in the resulting Einstein-scalar field Lichnerowicz equation. For many of these
subclasses we determine whether or not a solution exists. In contrast to other
well studied field theories, there are certain cases, depending on the mean
curvature and the potential of the scalar field, for which we are unable to
resolve the question of existence of a solution. We consider this system in
such generality so as to include the vacuum constraint equations with an
arbitrary cosmological constant, the Yamabe equation and even (all cases of)
the prescribed scalar curvature problem as special cases.Comment: Minor changes, final version. To appear: Classical and Quantum
Gravit
Novel anisotropy in the superconducting gap structure of Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+\delta} probed by quasiparticle heat transport
Since the nature of pairing interactions is manifested in the superconducting
gap symmetry, the exact gap structure, particularly any deviation from the
simple d_{x^2-y^2} symmetry, would help elucidating the pairing mechanism in
high-T_c cuprates. Anisotropic heat transport measurement in
Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+\delta} (Bi-2212) reveals that the quasiparticle
populations are different for the two nodal directions and thus the gap
structure must be uniquely anisotropic, suggesting that pairing is governed by
interactions with a rather complicated anisotropy. Intriguingly, it is found
that the "plateau" in the magnetic-field dependence of the thermal conductivity
is observed only in the b-axis transport.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let
Generic metrics and the mass endomorphism on spin three-manifolds
Let be a closed Riemannian spin manifold. The constant term in the
expansion of the Green function for the Dirac operator at a fixed point is called the mass endomorphism in associated to the metric due to
an analogy to the mass in the Yamabe problem. We show that the mass
endomorphism of a generic metric on a three-dimensional spin manifold is
nonzero. This implies a strict inequality which can be used to avoid
bubbling-off phenomena in conformal spin geometry.Comment: 8 page
Scalar Representation and Conjugation of Set-Valued Functions
To a function with values in the power set of a pre-ordered, separated
locally convex space a family of scalarizations is given which completely
characterizes the original function. A concept of a Legendre-Fenchel conjugate
for set-valued functions is introduced and identified with the conjugates of
the scalarizations. Using this conjugate, weak and strong duality results are
proven.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1012.435
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