Influence of Dilute Acetic Acid Treatments on American Pondweed Winter Buds in the Nevada Irrigation District, California

American pondweed ( Potamogeton nodosus Poir.) is commonly found in northern California irrigation canals. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that exposure of American pondweed winter buds to dilute acetic acid under field conditions would result in reduced subsequent biomass

Rainfastening of Bifenthrin to Cotton Leaves with Selected Adjuvants

There are thousands of adjuvants on the market, yet little is known about their effects on the activity of insecticides on plant surfaces. The effects of 11 selected adjuvants on the rainfastness and retention of bifenthrin ([laJa-(2)-(i-)-(2 methyl[l,l'-biphenyl]-3-yl) methyl 3-(2-chloro-3J,3-trifluoro-l-propenyl)-2~-dimethylcyclopropanearhoxylate) on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves were investigated. In addition, the effect of the adjuvant Bond on the efficacy of bifenthrin and a Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) formulation wa9 determined. Bifenthrin mixed with each adjuvant was applied to greenhouse grown cotton plants using a spray chamber. Simulated rainfall of 13 mm was then applied to treated cotton plants at 0.25, 1, and 4 h after treatment. Bond and Agimax-3 were the only adjuvant. to significantly increase the rainfastness of hifenthrin on cotton leaves. Agri-Dex, Soy-Dex, and Dyne-Amic significantly decrease

A Profile of College and University Faculty: Minorities and Women in Advertising, Communication, Journalism, Media Studies, Public Relations and Related Fields

The article discusses gender and racial diversity in the U.S. college and university faculty. Based on data from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the total number of full-time minority teachers increased from 36,883 in 1975 to 64,235 in 1991, equivalent to a 74.16% increase. Minorities\u27 relative share of the total faculty increased from 8.25% in 1975 to 12.34 % in 1991. Based on data inputs from 3,285 reporting units, EEOC reported that the percentage of faculty members who are women increased to 31.75% in 1991 from 28.5% in 1987

"Quantum Interference with Slits" Revisited

Marcella [arXiv:quant-ph/0703126] has presented a straightforward technique employing the Dirac formalism to calculate single- and double-slit interference patterns. He claims that no reference is made to classical optics or scattering theory and that his method therefore provides a purely quantum mechanical description of these experiments. He also presents his calculation as if no approximations are employed. We show that he implicitly makes the same approximations found in classical treatments of interference and that no new physics has been introduced. At the same time, some of the quantum mechanical arguments Marcella gives are, at best, misleading.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Identity‐Based Motivation: Implications for Health and Health Disparities

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107506/1/josi12056.pd

Precession-driven changes in Iceland–Scotland Overflow Water penetration and bottom water circulation on Gardar Drift since ~ 200 ka

© The Author(s), 2015. This is the author's version of the work and is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 440 (2015): 561-563, doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.042.Benthic foraminiferal stable isotopic records from a transect of sediment cores south of the Iceland-Scotland Ridge reveal that the penetration depth of Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water (ISOW) varied on orbital timescales with precessional pacing over the past ~ 200 kyr. Similar, higher benthic foraminiferal δ13 C values (~ 1.0 ‰) were recorded at all transect sites downstream of the Iceland-Scotland Ridge during interglacial periods (Marine Isotope Chrons 5 and 1), indicating a deeply penetrating ISOW. During glacial periods (Marine Isotope Chrons 6, 4, and 2), benthic foraminiferal δ13C values from the deeper (2700-3300 m), southern sites within this transect were significantly lower (~ 0.5 ‰) than values from the northern (shallower) portion of the transect (~ 1.0 ‰), reflecting a shoaling of ISOW and greater influence of glacial Southern Component Water (SCW) in the deep Northeast Atlantic. Particularly during intermediate climate states, ISOW strength is driven by precesional cycles, superimposed on the large-scale glacial-interglacial ISOW variability. Millennial-scale variability in the penetration of ISOW, likely caused by high-frequency Heinrich and Dansgaard-Oeschger Events, is most pronounced during intermediate climate states.This research was supported by National Science Foundation grant OCE-0095219 to J.D. Wright2016-10-0

Change Detection Memory in Rhesus Monkeys and Humans

Visual short-term memory (VSTM) is the storage of visual information over a brief time period (usually a few seconds or less). Over the past decade, the most popular task for studying VSTM in humans has been the change detection task. In this task, subjects must remember several visual items per trial in order to identify a change following a brief delay interval. Results from change detection tasks have shown that VSTM is limited; humans are only able to accurately hold a few visual items in mind over a brief delay. However, there has been much debate in regard to the structure or cause of these limitations. The two most popular conceptualizations of VSTM limitations in recent years have been the fixed-capacity model and the continuous-resource model. The fixed-capacity model proposes a discrete limit on the total number of visual items that can be stored in VSTM. The continuous-resource model proposes a continuous-resource that can be allocated among many visual items in VSTM, with noise in item memory increasing as the number of items to be remembered increases. While VSTM is far from being completely understood in humans, even less is known about VSTM in non-human animals, including the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). Given that rhesus monkeys are the premier medical model for humans, it is important to understand their VSTM if they are to contribute to understanding human memory. The primary goals of this study were to train and test rhesus monkeys and humans in change detection in order to directly compare VSTM between the two species and explore the possibility that direct species comparison might shed light on the fixed-capacity vs. continuous-resource models of VSTM. The comparative results suggest qualitatively similar VSTM for the two species through converging evidence supporting the continuous-resource model and thereby establish rhesus monkeys as a good system for exploring neurophysiological correlates of VSTM

Improving Academic Effort and Achievement among Low-income Minority Youth Using Small Scale Interventions.

The dissertation uses a contemporary motivation theory, identity-based motivation, to predict when and how motivation can be leveraged to improve attainment among low-income, minority students. Identity-based motivation theory predicts that people prefer to act in identity-congruent ways but are sensitive to contextual cues that influence which identities come to mind, what these identities mean in context, and how difficulty is interpreted (e.g., Are people like me succeeding? When I experience difficulty with schoolwork, does that mean the work is impossible or important?). Following these predictions, the first paper examines gender as a identity that can be framed as congruent or incongruent with achievement success to increase or decrease motivation. In the second paper, I turn to interpretations of difficulty in the classroom and show that contextual cues about difficulty can improve or undermine motivation depending on whether students accept or reject the messages they communicate. Lastly, the third paper attempts to leverage students' and professionals' past experiences of success despite difficulty to promote interpretations of difficulty that support motivation in response to difficult tasks in the present. The final chapter provides a theoretical synthesis across these three papers and considers the implications of these results for intervention and policy to encourage student motivation and success.PhDSocial Work and PsychologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108857/1/kelmore_1.pd