100 research outputs found
Theory and Applications of X-ray Standing Waves in Real Crystals
Theoretical aspects of x-ray standing wave method for investigation of the
real structure of crystals are considered in this review paper. Starting from
the general approach of the secondary radiation yield from deformed crystals
this theory is applied to different concreat cases. Various models of deformed
crystals like: bicrystal model, multilayer model, crystals with extended
deformation field are considered in detailes. Peculiarities of x-ray standing
wave behavior in different scattering geometries (Bragg, Laue) are analysed in
detailes. New possibilities to solve the phase problem with x-ray standing wave
method are discussed in the review. General theoretical approaches are
illustrated with a big number of experimental results.Comment: 101 pages, 43 figures, 3 table
Experimental observation of the diffraction-induced femtosecond pulse splitting in a linear photonic crystal
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°
The specific features of applying the exergy analysis method for the energy resource saving waterworks systems of industrial plants were considered. The analysis of the influence of changes in polluting substance mass loading value on changes in exergy value upon mixing water technological flows was carried out.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎ-ΡΠ±Π΅-ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²
ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°
The methodology of designing of water resource-saving chemical process of glass works has been proposed. The basis of it is thermodynamic approach to analysis and synthesis (designing) of processes (the application of thermodynamic exergy method). The proposed methodology was approved by water chemical process designing of large-scale glass enterprises (production of glass fiber, glass cloth, hardened glass).ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎ- ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ². ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ (ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ) ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°). ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎ- ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ (ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π°, ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ, Π±ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π°)
Evolutionary signals of selection on cognition from the great tit genome and methylome
For over 50 years, the great tit (Parus major) has been a model species for research in evolutionary, ecological and behavioural research; in particular, learning and cognition have been intensively studied. Here, to provide further insight into the molecular mechanisms behind these important traits, we de novo assemble a great tit reference genome and whole-genome re-sequence another 29 individuals from across Europe. We show an overrepresentation of genes related to neuronal functions, learning and cognition in regions under positive selection, as well as increased CpG methylation in these regions. In addition, great tit neuronal non-CpG methylation patterns are very similar to those observed in mammals, suggesting a universal role in neuronal epigenetic regulation which can affect learning-, memory- and experience-induced plasticity. The high-quality great tit genome assembly will play an instrumental role in furthering the integration of ecological, evolutionary, behavioural and genomic approaches in this model species.</p
Prism signal processing for sensor condition monitoring
This paper introduces a new technique, Prism signal processing, which may be used for the tracking of one or more noisy sinusoids in a signal. A simulation study is presented demonstrating the potential of Prism signal processing as an alternative to Pronyβs method for analyzing exponentially decaying sinusoids. One application is to sensor condition monitoring of an industrial pressure sensor, using ultrasonic excitation to evaluate the sensorβs structural integrity. Initial experimental results suggest the Prism technique can reveal details in the resulting frequency/amplitude time series of each component, which is not available through Pronyβs method
Investigation of interface oil insufficiency in a strain gauge type pressure sensor
Strain gauge type pressure sensors are widely used in different branches of industry to measure pressure from very low to very high (1400 Mpa) values. This article investigates a strain gauge type pressure sensor that uses silicon oil within its housing to transmit working pressure from the external environment to a sensing plate. An important failure mode arises from loss/leakage of the silicon oil, whereby a portion of the internal volume is replaced by gas, usually air. Coupled nonlinear governing equations have been derived and solved in both static and dynamical states to describe the behavior of the external membrane, the interface oil including pockets of gas, and the sensing plate. Nonlinear behavior arises from the plate and membrane midplane stretching, and of course the behavior of the gas. The resulting model describes how oil loss affects the sensor performance and changes the sensor output and pressure measurable range
Analysis of the recovery device control system
Energy recovery of various types is an urgent task in the development of control systems for electromechanical devices. rational and careful use of energy resources. The purpose of this work is to analyze four-quadrant asynchronous electric drives with vector frequency-current control systems and autonomous voltage inverters with sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation based on IGBT modules. The design algorithm is considered and the results of modeling of such energy recovery systems are given. The proposed control system of the recovery device can be used as an integral part of a specialized controlled electric drive for escalator stations of the subway, electric transport and other electromechanical systems in order to save energy consumed
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