2 research outputs found
Chemodiversity of wild populations of aromatic plants as source of valuable essential oil profiles. A study on Thymus vulgaris L. from Valencia (Spain)
[EN] Chemodiversity of wild populations of aromatic plants is a valuable source of essential oils, whose composition may be suitable for specific purposes according their biological activity. Furthermore, knowing the intrapopulational variability based on individual analysis has allowed characterizing atypical profiles, which can reach high levels of active compounds. Obviously, it requires the treatment of a high number of individual samples. In this work, a methodology to characterize T. vulgaris profiles in an area of recognized biodiversity was proposed and applied. After Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) screening data of 85 individual samples, 7 groups, and 13 individuals were classified. Then, 20 samples were subjected to GC/MS and GC/FID analysis, respectively. These data were subjected to Hierarchical Agglomerative, Discriminant Analysis and ANOVA, which finally highlighted five profiles: (1) based on the camphane skeleton (camphene, camphor and borneol), (2) rich in the oxygenated sesquiterpenic fraction, (3) rich in 1,8-cineole, with appreciable amounts of camphor and borneol (typical chemotype from Eastern Iberian Peninsula), (4) camphor and terpinen-4-ol as major compounds, and (5) linalool chemotype. It should be noted that the percentages of the main compounds in these groups were higher than some of those described in the literature for similar chemotypes. In summary, the preliminary screening by TLC, grouping individuals with similar profiles, allowed establishing a quick first approximation to the chemodiversity of T. vulgaris in the studied area. Furthermore, the analysis of unclassified and potentially atypical individuals has also provided valuable information to establish the final profiles.Llorens Molina, JA.; Vacas, S.; Burgals Royo, E.; Santamarina Siurana, MP.; Verdeguer Sancho, MM. (2020). Chemodiversity of wild populations of aromatic plants as source of valuable essential oil profiles. A study on Thymus vulgaris L. from Valencia (Spain). Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils. 7(3):29-50. https://doi.org/10.37929/nveo.722313S29507
Identificación de quimiotipos de aceite esencial de Thymus vulgaris L para la aplicación de su actividad biológica al desarrollo de productos alternativos utilizados en la industria agroalimentaria
[ES] Como consecuencia de la progresiva sustitución de productos químicos de síntesis por
otros de origen natural, más respetuosos con la salud y la conservación del medio
ambiente, cada vez resulta más necesario encontrar fuentes de biodiversidad que
proporcionen sustancias con propiedades antibacterianas, antifúngicas, antioxidantes, etc.
Entre estos productos naturales destacan los aceites esenciales obtenidos a partir de
plantas aromáticas y medicinales. En muchos casos, la biodiversidad de las poblaciones
silvestres, reflejada en la notable variabilidad química de su composición, constituye una
valiosa oportunidad para la identificación y selección de genotipos cuya propagación
posterior permita establecer cultivares que proporcionen aceites esenciales con una
composición particularmente adecuada a su posible aplicación práctica.
El Thymus vulgaris L. muestra un polimorfismo químico con varios quimiotipos
diferentes vinculados en principio a su origen geográfico. Aunque algunas poblaciones
son notablemente homogéneas desde el punto de vista de la composición química del
aceite esencial, en ocasiones coexisten diferentes quimiotipos en una misma población,
hecho ampliamente constatado en la bibliografía. En este estudio analizamos la
variabilidad química de T. vulgaris en diferentes poblaciones localizadas en el entorno
del macizo del Montdúver, en la comarca valenciana de La Safor. Se ha incidido
principalmente en la identificación de los compuestos que definen cada quimiotipo. Para
ello, se ha desarrollado y aplicado un método que combina la cromatografía en capa fina
(CCF) y la cromatografía de gases con detección por espectroscopía de masas (CG-EM).
En los quimiotipos identificados se ha llevado a cabo también el análisis por
cromatografía de gases con detección por ionización de llama (CG-FID) para
proporcionar una aproximación cuantitativa a su composición.
Tras un primer análisis por CCF de 74 muestras individuales, se hallaron 11 perfiles
químicos diferentes cuyo contenido, analizado mediante CG-EM, mostró una elevada
quimiodiversidad en las zonas de muestreo, hallándose, entre otros, ejemplares con un
61,3 % de linalool y un 56,2 % de 1,8-cineol. Dada la reconocida actividad biológica de
estos compuestos y la posibilidad de ser aplicados como productos alternativos útiles en
la industria agroalimentaria, la propagación mediante estaquillado permitiría obtener una
producción de los ejemplares de interés manteniéndose la composición química. Un
aspecto potencialmente interesante de esta práctica es la posibilidad de obtener aceites
esenciales ricos en un determinado componente, obtenidos tradicionalmente a partir de
determinadas especies, mediante otras cuya explotación pueda ser más ventajosa desde el
punto de vista agronómico.[EN] As a result of the progressive substitution of synthetic chemicals by others from natural
origin, which are more respectful of health and the conservation of the environment, it is
increasingly necessary to find sources of biodiversity that provide substances with
antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties amongst others. Amongst these
natural products the essential oils obtained from aromatic and medicinal plants stand out.
In many cases, the biodiversity of wild populations, reflected in the remarkable chemical
variability of its composition, constitutes a valuable opportunity for the identification and
selection of genotypes whose later propagation allows the establishment of cultivars that
provide essential oils with a composition particularly suited to their possible practical
application.
Thymus vulgaris L. shows a chemical polymorphism with several different chemotypes
linked, in principle, to its geographical origin. Although some populations are remarkably
homogeneous from the point of view of the chemical composition of the essential oil,
different chemotypes co-exist in the same population, a fact that has been amply
demonstrated in the literature. In this study, we analyzed the chemical variability of T.
vulgaris in different populations located in the surroundings of the massif of Montdúver,
in the Valencian region of La Safor. The study mainly focused on the identification of
each chemotype-defining compound. To this end, a method combining thin layer
chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy detection (GCMS)
has been developed and applied. In the identified chemotypes, gas chromatography
analysis with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) have also been carried out to provide
a quantitative approach to their composition.
After a first TLC analysis to 74 individual samples, 11 different chemical profiles were
found. Their content, analyzed by GC-MS, showed a high-chemodiversity in the sampling
areas, showing among others specimens with 61.3% linalool and 56.2% 1,8-cineol. Given
the recognized biological activity of these compounds, and the possibility of being
applied as useful alternative products in the agrofood industry, the propagation by staking
would allow obtaining a production of the specimens of interest while maintaining the
chemical composition. A potentially interesting aspect of this practice is the possibility
of obtaining essential oils rich in a certain components that were traditionally obtained
from certain species, by means of others methods whose exploitation may be more
advantageous from the agronomic point of view.Burgals Royo, EJ. (2018). Identificación de quimiotipos de aceite esencial de Thymus vulgaris L para la aplicación de su actividad biológica al desarrollo de productos alternativos utilizados en la industria agroalimentaria. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/106850TFG