Studies on Rectal Cancers Part 2. Relationship between histological review of rectal cancer and prognosis

Sixty nine specimens of rectal carcinoma were classified by the author conforming to malignancy and infiltration and the relationship between them and 3 and 5 years survivor rate was studied. 1) For malignancy, it was classified into 3 grades conforming to six terms, that is infiltration figure, presence of gland cavity, unequal size of cells, quantity of chromatin and amount of mitosis. The malignancy in each term was generally in parallel. 2) For infiltration without regard to the exsistence of metastasis they were classified into 3 grades; cancer infiltration on the basis of rectal cancer which does not reach to muscle layer, which reaches into muscle layer and which goes beyond muscle layer to the outside of it. 3) According to the late results of the authors' department, the 2 years' survivor rate is 65% and 5 years' is 55%. 4) Relationship between malignancy and 3 years' survivor rate is in the I grade 100%, in the II grade 67% and in the III grade 33%. That between malignancy and 5 years, survivor rate is respectively 60%, 63% and 0%. Drawing a line on the muscle layer, the prognosis shows a big difference between that which does not reach to the line and that which spreads beyond the line. 5) The histological examination before the radical operation of rectal cancer preserving the function of anal sphincter is useful to decide the resection limit of the colon which lays near to the anal side from the lower end of tumor

Studies on Rectal Cancers Part 3. The function of anal sphincter following radical operation for rectal cancer preserving sphincter function

BABCOCK-BACON method and invagination method were performed to the radical operation for rectal cancer preserving sphincter function. After the operation sphincter function examined with kimographion and electromyogram. 1) Voluntary contraction relatively early recovevs after the operation. It showed almost the same contraction power after 1 month by invagination method and after 3 months by BABCON-BACON method. 2) The reflectoric contraction and fecal continence after the BABCOCK-BACON operation, recover almost the same as before the operation in 3 or 6 months. 3) From the results in histological studies on retrograde spread mentioned in part 1 and also from the examined results in this part, it could be said that the radical operation preserving sphincter function could be performed to almost all rectal cancers which posses their lower end of tumor beyond the ampullar part without any fear on radicality and postoperative sphincter function