Strategic Trade and Industrial Policies with International R&D Spillovers

本稿では,企業の研究開発(R&D)の成果が国境を越えてスピルオーバーする国際貿易モデルにおいて,輸出補助金ならびにR&D補助金の効果を分析する.国際寡占企業間のR&D投資競争がクールノー型数量競争ないしベルトラン型価格競争に先んじて行なわれるという仮定のもとで,輸出国の貿易政策と産業政策の最適な組合せを導出する.最適な輸出補助金とR&D補助金の符号は製品間の代替性,R&Dスピルオーバーの程度,そしてR&D投資の効率性をそれぞれ表すパラメーターに依存して変化することが示される.さらに,輸出国にとって利用可能な政策手段が1つしかない状況下での輸出補助金あるいはR&D補助金の最適性を検討する

Voltammetric detection in flow-injection analysis using electrocatalytic systems

Specific features, the field of application, and restrictions of voltammetric detection in flow-injection analysis are considered. The typical examples illustrating advances in this promising direction are given. © 1996 MAK Haya/Interperiodica Publishing

Present state of the oscillopolarographic method of analysisc

This review considers the main achievements of oscillographic polarography with a given form of polarisation voltage. Methods for increasing the sensitivity and resolving power of this analytical method and its use as a method for studying the mechanism of electrochemical processes are discussed. The influence of various factors determined by the composition of the solution in the cell and by the nature of the substances being studied on the form of the oscillopolarographic curves, and the characteristic features of the use of the method in the analysis of inorganic and organic compounds are examined. © 1971 American Mathematical Society

Renewable electrodes in voltammetry

An overview of the progress achieved over the last 5-7 years in the fabrication of new electrodes with reproducible amperometric response for application in voltammetry is given. Advanced techniques for high-technology manufacturing of electrodes in the form of thin conducting films supported on inert matrices are discussed. © 1997 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Review articles and textbooks on special disciplines

Review articles are not only helpful in the preparation of lecture courses, but can also be used to train senior students. © 1996 MAEe Cyrillic signK Hayκa/Interperiodica Publishing

Development of electrochemical methods in Kazan

A sixty-year period of progress in the electrochemical methods of research and analysis in Kazan is surveyed. The importance of the interplay of ideas arising and developing in the cooperation of individual research groups working in the field of voltammetry is pointed out. This interplay facilitated the formation of scientific schools. The main avenues of inquiry in the field of electrochemical methods of analysis are outlined. Attention is drawn to the role of bibliometric and cognitive characteristics of scientific activity in the field of electrochemical methods of analysis

Current state of voltammetry and prospects for its development

Works on voltammetric analysis performed over the last decade are reviewed. Attention is given to the current methods for improving the selectivity of determination based on the modification of the electrode surface. The importance of voltammetric methods to the environmental analysis and monitoring, to the studies of redox properties of substances, and to detection in a fluid flow is pointed out. Some aspects of instrumentation of voltammetric measurements are considered. © 1996 MAK Hayka/Interperiodica Publishing

Coulometry in antioxidant analysis

Methods for coulometric determination of individual antioxidants in model solutions, pharmaceuticals, and human biological fluids using electrogenerated halogens as titrants are proposed. The RSD of determination are 0.01-0.09. Stoichiometric coefficients of the antioxidants reaction with electrogenerated halogens are established and possible mechanisms of this interactions are discussed

Ultralow doses of biochemically active substances and biosensor responses in analytical systems

The following problems are discussed: (1) the effects of ultrasmall amounts of biologically active substances on processes occurring in living organisms and (2) the development of identification (determination) methods for such effects, in particular, with the use of biosensors. © 2001 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica"

Voltammetric determination of mexidol

A new voltammetric method for determining mexidol in pharmaceuticals is proposed. Using this technique, mexidol was determined in model solutions (with RS = of 1-6%) and in a ready-to-use preparation. The analytical range of mexidol determination using a glassy carbon composite electrode in 0.1 M H2SO4 extends from 4.8 × 10-3 to 1.8 × 10-2 M. The detection limit is 1.9 × 10-3 M. The proposed procedure can be used for the quality control in the drug production technology. © 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc