Pengembangan Model Kesehatan Reporduksi Remaja (Krr)

Adolescent reproductive health were influence by health service, nutrient, family environment, education information economics social and cultural conditions. This study used one group pretest-post test design to interview adolescent reproductive health model. This study were done in Surakarta city (Health Center Gajahan, Ngoresan and Banyuanyar) and Semarang city (in Health Center Poncol, Tambak Aji and Morota) in Jawa Tengah province. This study showed that health education on adolescent reproductive health conducted by school teachers during class session and health education by health provider for Karang Taruna could improve adolescent reproductive health knowledge. The attitude toward reproductive health after 6 month of intervention was not changed. It is recommended to implement this model at wider areas by focusing for Secondary school student. Health service for adolescent, particularly counseling would be better conducted at school during health provider visit to school also. It is necessary to develop adolescent reproductive health material for school teacher, and manual for adolescent peer educators

Kebijakan Pencegahan Penularan Hiv/aids dari Ibu ke Anak (Studi Kasus di Kota Surabaya)

Background: A policy of service about prevention HIV infection from mother to child integrated with reproduction health care, especially health of mother and baby service at every level of health care. All women who came to reproductive health services at every level of health care information transmission of STIs and HIV prevention during pregnancy and lactation. Policy of prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child through 4 prong. Over 6.5 million women in Indonesia is vulnerable population contracting and transmitting HIV/AIDS, more than 9,000 pregnant women with HIV each year in and more than 30% of them gave birth to babies who are infected when there is no prevention of HIV+ from mother to child/ Prevention Mother To Child Transmission (PMTCT). Methods: The study is a qualitative study, conducted in the month of December 2009 in Surabaya. Data was collected through structured interviews to policy holders, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and providing PMTCT services in health centers on the support and the need for reproductive health services to pregnant women at risk for HIV/AIDS. Result: This analysis showed East Java Provincial Health Office team up PMTCT in the clinic, which consisted of midwives, health center doctors, nurses, and gynecologists, although not all centers have a team of PMTCT. This leads to the possibility of pregnant women with HIV who have not been reached. Dupak health center whose jurisdiction covers the area of localization has a PMTCT program, also conducted Voluntary Counselling Test (VCT), but this time in collaboration with NGOs (Hotline) for the implementation of VCT, PMTCT as a team in doubles as an officer pukesmas BP and KIA. PMTCT in the clinic target: pregnant women who perform Antenatal Care (ANC), secondary data obtained from review of documents in Dinkesprov East Java, Surabaya DKK and health centers. Surabaya City Government has sought to implement policies set by the Ministry of Health in preventing transmission of HIV/AIDS from mother to child. PMTCT but the lack of well-trained team in the clinic led to a lack of information about PMTCT to pregnant women and their families as a result, cases of babies with HIV/AIDS will continue to rise

Akses Informasi dan Pelayanan Keluarga Berencana Berkualitas dalam Rangka Penurunan Angka Kematian Ibu dan Bayi (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Klungkung dan Kabupaten Buleleng, Provinsi Bali)

Family planning is dealing with many matters and focusing on birth planning. The access on information and qualified family planning service are needed to accelerate the decrease of mother and infant mortalities. The research is to determine access on information and qualified family planning services in public health centers and General hospitals. This Research was use"purposive sampling". It was conducted in Bali at sub-province Buleleng and Klungkung. Institution selected were public health centers, general hospitals, public health services, Badan Koordinasi Keluarga Berencana Daerah (BKKBD) or Family planning Coordination and couples on fertility ages and adolescents related four too conditions (too many bearinga child, too near having birlh, too young has a child, too old has a child). Data were collected by interview, structured interview, observation, and secondary data. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results indicated that providers who provide information about family planning so that the information is acceptable, and attractive were very few. Acceptors aged below ferlility age couples and adolescents to avoid pregnancy related the four too conditions were 15-36% for age group below 35 years child and too near having a child, 6-58% for older group having children, 50-100% for having many children.Providers having understanding about family planning methods showed mostly having enough or low score and on about Informed Choices and Client screaning. Delivery family planning for Gakin by "BKKB, Kependudukan dan Catalan sipil(Dukcapil)" is provided in public health centers based on the regulation of public health services. The condition is available to poor families by the support from the family health insurance until the family planning appliances for poor family could be provided by public health centers according to need. Meanwhile for non poor family the needs are provided by APBD

Upaya Komunikasi Pemasaran Interaktif pada Klinik Spesialis Terpadu Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut (Rsgm) Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Unair Surabaya

Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) constitute of internal marketing, interactive and external communications. This research only addresses Interactive marketing communications. The specialized Dental Clinic (Integrated VIP Specialist) has been under utilized. The problem exists presumably due to lack of interactive communications. The objective of this research is to formulate an IMC improvement effort for the Specialized Dental Clinic.This was an observational study conducted at the Specialized Dental Clinic from February up to Desember 2003. Observed variables were patient and organization of the clinic. Customers who visited the Specialized Dental Clinic were observed from the initial services the exit interview using questionnaire was collected by researche. The respondens were providers and customers (patients)The result showed that the variable of customer service center and servicescapes were not well organized while personal selling relatively good.It is suggested that market survey should be done by the Specialized Dental Clinic, to actuate interactive marketing communication and to establish the utilization targets

Hubungan Pola Makan dan Kebiasaan Menyikat Gigi dengan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (Karies) di Indonesia

Background: Teeth and mouth diseases have been founded in many communities. It called dental caries. According to Household Health Survey 1997, has mentioned that 63% of the Indonesia population to suffer active dental caries or has not been handled. In further analysis which analyzed the factors related to caries in the community of Indonesia. Several factors associated with caries are characteristics of respondents, sweet eating, and tooth brushing habits. Instruments taken from the questionnaires of Riskesdas 2007: RKD07.RT (Block I, Block IV), RKD07.IND (Teeth and mouth: B25, 26, 27, 28), hygienic behavior: (D10a, 10b), behavior of consumption: (d35a), and Measurement and Inspection-Dentogram. Methods: The data analysis performed using Univariate, Bivariate, and Logistic Regression. Before the analysis, it has conducted weigth. Based on research results, indicated that individual characteristics (age, education, housing, social and economic) associated with the occurrence of caries, therefore higher level of education, and level of social economic, hence there were tendency to have fewer caries above average (>2). Chi-Square test was a significant relationship. Result: Moreover, types of respondents who lived in the city at risk of caries are greater than living in the village. Communities often consume sweet foods tend to occur more caries compared with a eat pattern of fibrous foods. In addition, respondents who have a tendency to brush your teeth caries occurrence are lighter than that does not brush their teeth. For that suggested the need for information about the eat patterns can reduce the occurrence of caries, as well as increased efforts to maintain dental health within the community who had been very low. Research and information about medicinal plants that can be used by the public as an antiseptic teeth and mouth can reduce the occurrence of dental caries. School Efforts for Oral Health (UKGS) and Dental Health Programs in the community need to be increased so that the prevalence of caries can be reduced. It required availability of OHI Data (Oral Hygiene Index) in the coming Riskedas 2

Hubungan antara Karakteristik Responden, Keadaan Wilayah dengan Pengetahuan, Sikap terhadap Hiv/aids pada Masyarakat Indonesia

Background: Efforts have been made tackling the HIV/AIDS in Indonesia but have not obtained satisfactory results, prevention efforts conducted through community education and counseling on risk population that was easily spread the disease. Transmission and spread of HIV/AIDS was associated with risk behavior, because of the need to consider the factors that affect behavior. Behavior is influenced by factors of knowledge and attitudes that influenced the obtaining and the characteristics and shelter. Methods: The data were cross sectional, with the amount, and the large sample according Riskesdas rule in 2007. Results of analysis were presented in the form of a cross-tabulation and analyzed using statistical techniques and descriptive kualiatif. Results: Results show that respondents' characteristics (gender, education, employment), the region has significant relationship to the level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Level of knowledge also have a meaningful relationship with the attitudes of respondents

Analisis Situasi dan Upaya Perbaikan Gizi Balita di Tingkat Kabupaten: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Garut Tahun 2008

Background: Malnutrition is the major public health problem among the underfive years old children as a predisposing cause of child mortality especially at the district of Garut, West Java. Malnutrition and diseases are inter-rela ting factors affecting children nutritional status and mortality This study was done to analyze public health problems focusing on mothers and children\u27s health related determinants in the district of Garut, West Java. Methods: The design of the study is explorative design through interview and secondary data collection, problems solving and analysis of policy implementation. Results: The results of the study were, the prevalence of severe malnutrition is high, namely 5.7 compared to West Java (3.7) and lndonesia (5.4) per 100 underfive children. Based on the three nutrition indicators called weight/age, height/age and weight/height, Garut facing the acute (Weight/age is above 10% of UNHCR standard) as well as chronic (TB/U is above the national prevalence) malnutrition problems. Factors related to the cause of children mortality and severe malnutrition were among others: 1) environment and sanitation (including low birth weight and infectious diseases); 2) behavior (hygiene and immunization), 3) health services provision (eady detection, ca se management, monitoring of child\u27s nutrition and budget allocation for nutrition programs). Conclusion: Problem solving for nutrition program has to be innovatively developed at the district level referring to the national goals and strategy Nutrition intervention to the children only is not enough, but pregnant mothers who are chronically malnourished has to be intervened to prevent low birth weight babies. Indirect intervention at the district level is recommended through strengthening the health and nutrition system involving community, local government as well as inter sectors; as the root of malnutrition problem is broaden over poverty and cultural

Pesantren dan Upaya Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja (Pesantren And Adolescent Reproductive Health Education Effort)

Background: Although there was Pesantren Health Post, but the promotion and education of reproductive health did notproceed well. Students at the Pesantren are mostly teenagers, therefore sexuality and reproduction problems in pesantrenhad become potential threats. This study described there productive health education in pesantren, that focused on theeducation system, material, and factors supporting and inhibiting reproductive health education efforts. Methods: This was a qualitative study. The data were collected by means of purposive sampling. The study was conducted at two pesantrens in Sampang, Balikpapan and West Lombok regencies. Data were collected by indepth interviews to managers, teachers and students. Results: This study indicated that reproductive education was not something new to the pesantren. The Classic Buku Kuning had been the reference of reproductive education among santri. The kyai used bandongan teaching methods which tend to be monologue. Further more this method did not employ evaluation system. The large number of santri, the high commitment and responsibility of the manager of pesantren, and the availibility of 24 hours assistance were factors that supported reproductive health education in pesantren. The inhibiting factors were limited understanding of reproductive health issues, lack of transparency of the pesantren community regarding issues that were considered taboo, and limitations of supporting infrastructure. Another aspect was the lack of external support that were relevance to the issue of adolescent reproductive health services. Recomendations: It is recommended to enrich the materials on reproductive health education in pesantren