Refleksivni dijalog s tekstom: tumačenje lirike nakon (post)strukturalizma

Pristupajući problemu interpretacije lirike i njenog značaja za savremenu nauku o književnosti, autor ovog rada polazi od elaboracije pojmova čitanja, razumevanja i tumačenja književnosti. Posebna pažnja pri tome je poklonjena glavnim predstavnicima i stanovištima produkcijsko-konstrukcijske i recepcijsko-lektorske teorijske paradigme (R. Jakobson, M. Rifater, T. S. Eliot, H. Blum, H. R. Jaus, Ž. Derida, P. De Man, S. Fiš). Obrazlažući vlastiti pristup, autor se priklanja savremenoj dijaloškoj teoriji (M. Bahtin, P. Zima), zastupajući koncept “refleksivnog identiteta čitanja” i predlažući pojmove interpretativnog fokusa i lirske dominante kao teorijsko-metodološke konstrukte na kojima je moguće zasnovati tumačenje lirskog pesničkog teksta nakon (post)strukturalističkog iskustva. Kao eksplikativni primeri ovakvog razumevanja interpretacije uzete su dve značajne pesme hrvatskog modernizma – “Svakidašnja jadikovka” Tina Ujevića i “Mrtvac” Vladimira Vidrića

Shaman, Intruder, Parasite: Subversive Figures of the South Korean Identity Narratives (Bong Joon-Hoo\u27s Parasite and Kim Tong-Ni\u27s Ulhwa, The Shaman

Starting from a narratological point of view implying common ground of different cultural forms which have a narrative basis, this paper primarily deals with two exemplary works of South Korean art in recent decades – Kim Tong-ni\u27s novel Ulhwa the Shaman (1978) and Bong Joon-ho\u27s famous Parasite movie (2019). Although belonging to different periods and different media, these important works share common features which testify to the significant phenomena of Korean social life. Generally speaking both of them show the collision of the old and the new, the traditional and the modern, eastern and western conceptions of life, beliefs of animism and consumerism, faith in the ethical values of ancestors and today\u27s pragmatic trust in technical progress, and solid material and financial status. The main narrative plot in both works is thereby set within family circles – in the Kim Tong-ni\u27s novel as a conflict between the parents\u27 and their descendants\u27 generations, and in the Bong Joon-ho\u27s film as a class confrontation of two families from different social strata. As the main characters in the centre of these fictional and filmic narratives appear typical personalities of shaman, domestic intruder and social parasite, which embody conflicted attitudes towards life choices. Being particularly artistically shaped, they actually represent subversive figures that question the perpetuated identity conceptions of individuals and collectives. Despite ending differently – tragically or tragicomically – both works show that the conflict of values permanently determines the Korean social reality and self-conceptions of the modern and the contemporary age

Paradoksalni pustolov Arsen Toplak (Isušena kaljuža) J. P. Kamova i žanr bildungsromana

Posle pregleda reprezentativnih pristupa i konstatacije o prisustvu obeležja koja odgovaraju formi pedagoškog, vaspitnog i razvojnog romana u radu se Isušena kaljuža Janka Polića Kamova interpretira kao poseban, paradoksalan vid bildungsromana. U središtu takvog tumačenja nalazi se parabolična trodelna kompozicija romana, čiji delovi (“Na dnu”, “U šir”, “U vis”) narativno tematizuju uspon individualne građanske (samo)svesti od “intelektualnog sadizma” do ironizma i artizma, odnosno civilizacijski sunovrat institucija u teror te premoć čulno-nagonskog i materijalno-pragmatičnog načela. Posebna pažnja poklonjena je pri tome tradicijskim (Dante, Biblija) i modernim (Frojd, psihoanaliza) interliterarnim/interkulturnim relacijama, koje u Kamovljevom romanu dobijaju ambivalentno-invertovane reflekse. U krajnjem ishodu Isušena kaljuža pojavljuje se kao “protivobrazovni” roman svoje vrste koji u isti mah afirmiše estetski ideal moderne i dovodi u pitanje izvorne žanrovske konvencije, ali i kulturnoistorijske stereotipe

Diskurzivni povratak subjekta

Prikaz knjige: Varja Balžalorsky Antić, Lirski subjekt: rekonceptualizacija. Ljubljana: ZRC SAZU, Inštitut za slovensko literaturo in literarne vede. 2019. 304 str

Godine učenja i sloma Ivice Kičmanovića: U registraturi Ante Kovačića i žanr Bildungsromana

U radu se razmatra odnos Kovačićeva romana i poetike realizma, kontroverze oko stilsko-formacijskih obeležja i funkcije narativnog okvira u umetničkoj strukturi dela. Ističu se veze s Bildungsromanom kao žanrovskom sintezom srodnih vidova pedagoške fikcije (Entwicklungsroman, Erziehungsroman, vaspitno-obrazovni roman, roman o učenju/školovanju), posebno preko uticaja poznatog Rusoovog Emila (“prirodni” vs. “građanski” čovek, figure majke i Laure kao oličenja odgovarajućih mentaliteta i njima primerenih svetonazora). Epizoda “buđenja Ivice Kičmanovića” promatra se kao narativno i tematsko-motivsko središte romana: problem odrastanja/sazrevanja, trauma kulturološkog prilagođavanja i sindrom neuspelog životnog samooblikovanja. Ističu se “dvolični obrazi duha vremena” i karakterološka “dvopolnost” novog doba: galerija socijalno-psihološki medijalnih tipova/likova. U registraturi je “protivobrazovni” modernistički narativ čija konstrukcija otkriva tragove simboličke interakcije autorske i glavne akterske/autoskriptorske instance romana

The influence of ageing on the extrapineal melatonin synthetic pathway

Ageing affects various physiological and metabolic processes in a body and a progressive accumulation of oxidative damage stands out as often used explanation. One of the most powerful scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in all organs is melatonin. A majority of melatonin supplied to the body via blood originates from the pineal gland. However, we have been interested in a locally produced melatonin. We have used 2.5- and 36-months-old Wistar rats. Tissues were collected and gene expression of AA-NAT and ASMT, the two key enzymes in a synthesis of melatonin, was determined in brain, liver, kidney, heart, skin, and intestine. Since melatonin can influence antioxidant enzymes, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and the level of GSH were measured in liver. In addition, Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), and Manganese (Mn) were also determined in liver since these microelements might affect the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The expression of AA-NAT and ASMT was increased in liver and skin of old animals. A positive correlation in AA-NAT and ASMT expression was observed in liver, intestine and kidney. Moreover, the activity of CAT enzyme in liver was increased while SOD activity was decreased. SOD and CAT were probably affected by the observed decreased amount of Cu, Zn, and Mn in liver of old animals. In our model, extrapineal melatonin pathway in ageing consisted of complex interplay of locally produced melatonin, activities of SOD and CAT, and adequate presence of Cu, Zn and Mn microelements in order to defend organs against oxidative damage