A Fuzzy-based Risk Model for Construction Project Management

Construction industry involves complex and challenging process associated with the risk of injury, death and property loss. Experts from different departments work together to develop a good management system in order to successfully complete a construction project. This paper presents a model of risk analysis using fuzzy logic to assess the risk involved in construction projects. The uncertainties related to cost, time and quality in the project is handled by the fuzzy logic that is one of the methods dealing with uncertainties in risk analysis. The model was validated using a real project. The test results demonstrated the plausibility of the model for the risk analysis in a real scenario. Using this model, one can prioritize and rank all risk factors in a construction project. Thus, the project managers and leaders can appropriately take precautions to avoid the risk. The proposed model of fuzzy-based risk analysis simplifies the risk management process, which helps the decision makers and the experts to monitor and to control the project, and ultimately, to meet the satisfaction of stakeholders

Modeling and Simulation of Emergency Evacuation from Industry Buildings under Toxic Cloud Release

Toxic cloud caused by accidents in the industries is extremely dangerous for the occupants. Thus, in case of such accidents, the occupants must be immediately evacuated from industry buildings. In this paper, we explore modeling and simulation of occupant-evacuation during a toxic cloud release. The proposed model evaluates the toxic cloud concentrations in terms of probability values and then the exit route of each occupant is computed such that the toxic effect on the occupants is minimized. We integrated A* search algorithm with the toxic cloud model to find the safest routes for occupants to exit through the doors from the current positions of the occupants. To find the best route, the model considers the distance to egress, the obstacles and the probability of toxic concentration. We presented the simulation results of the model to demonstrate the plausibility of the model. This model can be used by evacuation management to guide the industry occupants to exit the industry building through safest routes during an accident scenario

Modelling emergency evacuation from an industrial building under spreading fire using a social force model with fire dynamics

Study of human evacuation from industrial buildings under spreading fire is a challenging research area. Modelling evacuation dynamics under spreading fire is crucial to evaluate the crowd risk and safety in emergency evacuation. The paper presents a crowd dynamics model for emergency evacuation from an industrial building under spreading fire. This model is formulated by integrating a social force model with fire dynamics to investigate the evacuation process under spreading fire. The evacuation model was implemented in MATLAB to simulate the human dynamics for evacuation from a large single-story building under fire with a single exit door. The test results demonstrate that the overall evacuation time was affected by numerous factors for instance: fire spreading rate, crowd density and exit-width. The proposed model can be used to simulate the efficiency of the evacuation process from an industrial building, and thus, it can enhance the design of industries to increase the safety level

Towards optimal search: a modified secant method for efficient search in a big database

Search techniques are integral part for text authentication and plagiarism checks. In this work, our aim is to develop an efficient search algorithm for Arabic texts in a big database. The database contains the authentic source of information where information is ordered; thus the efficient algorithm can be used for searching the texts. Our search algorithm uses a quasi-Newton method -Secant method instead of traditional binary search. The secant method has much faster convergence property than the binary search and hence the algorithm can find the specific texts in a shorter time period

Survey on Pedestrian-Dynamics Models for Evacuation Process Based on Game Theory

In this paper, we explore the application of game theory to model human decisions making and pedestrian dynamics for evacuation process. In game-theory approach, a pedestrian is represented as a player or an agent where the agent makes its decision by inspecting its neighbors' decision. The game theory is used to study behavioral relations and applied in the science of human behavior decisions. In pedestrian dynamics, the theory deals with individual interaction toward the destination considering psychology and physics. The matrix associated with game theory changes depending on distance to the evacuation exits and obstacles faced on the path, density of evacuees and so on. In this paper, we review the recent articles which studied the game theory to study the pedestrian dynamics and the evacuation process

Developing an Effective Conceptual Framework for Safety Behaviour in Construction Industry

The construction industry involves one of the most hazardous occupation for workers due to complex management processes, environmental issues, work pressure and heavy and complicated equipment involved in modern construction projects. Despite the advancement of technology in the construction industry, an escalating number of fatal accidents occur because of the human errors and the unsafe behaviours. In this research, an analysis for previous studies has been conducted to define all safety behavioural factors in construction industry for improving the safety performance in construction industry. All the studies were categorised in accordance with their methodologies, analytical methods, variables, and the findings in order to build an effective conceptual framework. The framework comprises of three main categories that incur direct impact toward the safety behaviour in construction industries, namely: (a) organizational factors, (b) safety climate factors, and (c) individual factors. Each category has own variables which make a total of 16 factors for all categories. The framework facilitates to assess the effectiveness of a construction industry, identify the deficiencies and the weakness, and create procedures to manage the accident in future by controlling the safety behaviour of employees

Developing an Effective Conceptual Framework for Safety Behaviour in Construction Industry

The construction industry involves one of the most hazardous occupation for workers due to complex management processes, environmental issues, work pressure and heavy and complicated equipment involved in modern construction projects. Despite the advancement of technology in the construction industry, an escalating number of fatal accidents occur because of the human errors and the unsafe behaviours. In this research, an analysis for previous studies has been conducted to define all safety behavioural factors in construction industry for improving the safety performance in construction industry. All the studies were categorised in accordance with their methodologies, analytical methods, variables, and the findings in order to build an effective conceptual framework. The framework comprises of three main categories that incur direct impact toward the safety behaviour in construction industries, namely: (a) organizational factors, (b) safety climate factors, and (c) individual factors. Each category has own variables which make a total of 16 factors for all categories. The framework facilitates to assess the effectiveness of a construction industry, identify the deficiencies and the weakness, and create procedures to manage the accident in future by controlling the safety behaviour of employees

Developing an Effective Conceptual Framework for Safety Behaviour in Construction Industry

The construction industry involves one of the most hazardous occupation for workers due to complex management processes, environmental issues, work pressure and heavy and complicated equipment involved in modern construction projects. Despite the advancement of technology in the construction industry, an escalating number of fatal accidents occur because of the human errors and the unsafe behaviours. In this research, an analysis for previous studies has been conducted to define all safety behavioural factors in construction industry for improving the safety performance in construction industry. All the studies were categorised in accordance with their methodologies, analytical methods, variables, and the findings in order to build an effective conceptual framework. The framework comprises of three main categories that incur direct impact toward the safety behaviour in construction industries, namely: (a) organizational factors, (b) safety climate factors, and (c) individual factors. Each category has own variables which make a total of 16 factors for all categories. The framework facilitates to assess the effectiveness of a construction industry, identify the deficiencies and the weakness, and create procedures to manage the accident in future by controlling the safety behaviour of employees