FIGURE 6 in An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia

FIGURE 6. Distribution of 11 Orthoptera species in Slovakia (marks represent location of mapping sites; in the combined map, an open circle denotes the second species from the map heading).Published as part of Krištín, Anton, Jarčuška, Benjamín & Kaňuch, Peter, 2020, An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia, pp. 207-241 in Zootaxa 4869 (2) on page 220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/441855

An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia

Krištín, Anton, Jarčuška, Benjamín, Kaňuch, Peter (2020): An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia. Zootaxa 4869 (2): 207-241, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4869.2.

FIGURE 4 in An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia

FIGURE 4. Distribution of 17 Orthoptera species in Slovakia (marks represent location of mapping sites; in combined maps, an open circle denotes the second species from the map heading).Published as part of Krištín, Anton, Jarčuška, Benjamín & Kaňuch, Peter, 2020, An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia, pp. 207-241 in Zootaxa 4869 (2) on page 216, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/441855

PLATE 2 in An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia

PLATE 2. Selected zoogeografically important species in Slovakia: a) Leptophyes discoidalis, b) Poecilimon schmidtii, c) Platycleis affinis, d) Tesselana veyseli, e) Paracaloptenus caloptenoides, f) Miramella alpina, g) Pseudopodisma nagyi, h) Pezotettiix giornae, i) Dociostaurus brevicollis, j) Chorthippus dichrous (all the photos A. Krištín).Published as part of Krištín, Anton, Jarčuška, Benjamín & Kaňuch, Peter, 2020, An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia, pp. 207-241 in Zootaxa 4869 (2) on page 222, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/441855

PLATE 1 in An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia

PLATE 1. Endemics and endangered Ensifera species in Slovakia: a) Isophya beybienkoi, b) Isophya fatrensis, c) Pseudochorthippus tatrae, d) Chorthippus smardai, e) Poecilimon fussii, f) Gampsocleis glabra, g) Pholidoptera frivaldszkyi, h) Pachytrachis gracilis, i). Rhacocleis germanica, j) Saga pedo. (all the photos A. Krištín)Published as part of Krištín, Anton, Jarčuška, Benjamín & Kaňuch, Peter, 2020, An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia, pp. 207-241 in Zootaxa 4869 (2) on page 221, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/441855

FIGURE 2 in An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia

FIGURE 2. Number of sampled sites in grid cells of the Central European mapping grid system (Ehrendorfer & Hamann 1965) in Slovakia; the histogram shows the frequency of counts categorized in quartile ranking and the mean value (n = 430 grid cells; NA—not applicable).Published as part of Krištín, Anton, Jarčuška, Benjamín & Kaňuch, Peter, 2020, An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia, pp. 207-241 in Zootaxa 4869 (2) on page 210, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/441855

Beech bark necrosis: partition- ing the environmental and spatial variation of the damage severity in Central and South-Eastern Europe

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">The beech bark necrosis (BBN) infestation severity of European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L.) was assessed in regions of Central (CE) and South-Eastern Europe (SE). Altogether more than 10,000 trees were sampled at 114 sites. Using variation partitioning method, we examined the pure and shared effects of stand, site, climate and spatial sets of variables on mean BBN severity. Our rating included (i) the whole stand, (ii) tree social status classes, (iii) canopy (C) and (iv) understory (U) trees separately. We found that C trees were less affected by BBN than sub-canopy and U trees in both regions. There were found inter-regional differences in amount of explained variability (25.473.9%) for whole stand BBN and in the sensitivity of C and U trees to the environmental gradients. The analysis revealed that the climate and spatial variables followed by stand variables had the largest marginal effects on mean BBN severity in all models, while the site set of variables had the weakest one. More than half of the explained variation was shared among four sets of variables in SE, contrary to CE. Except to U trees in SE, the effect of climate pure or spatially structured remained the highest also after partitioning of variance; more in SE than in CE. Taking into account positive association between mean annual temperature and mean BBN severity in C trees in SE, reinforced negative effect of climate change on the necrosis might be expected to be more serious mainly in low situated beech forests there. Promoting the tree species diversity in forested areas with higher incidence of beech bark necrosis, i.e. in low altitudes in SE, could reduce the susceptibility of forests to the necrosis at regional level in the future. For better understanding of the relative importance of environmental and spatial variables on BBN severity, further research performed on finer spatial scale (extent and grain) is necessary, along with accounting for pathogens involved in the infestation.</span

Native and Alien Plant Species Richness Response to Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Temperate Floodplain and Swamp Forests

Soil nitrogen and phosphorus are commonly limiting elements affecting plant species richness in temperate zones. Our species richness-ecological study was performed in alder-dominated forests representing temperate floodplains (streamside alder forests of Alnion incanae alliance) and swamp forests (alder carrs of Alnion glutinosae alliance) in the Western Carpathians. Species richness (i.e., the number of vascular plants in a vegetation plot) was analyzed separately for native and alien vascular plants in 240 vegetation plots across the study area covering Slovakia, northern Hungary and southern Poland. The relationship between the species richness of each plant group and total soil nitrogen content, plant-available phosphorus and carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio was analyzed by generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) with Poisson error distribution and log-link function. The number of recorded native and alien species was 17–84 (average 45.4) and 0–9 (average 1.5) species per plot, respectively. The GLMMs were statistically significant (p ˂ 0.001) for both plant groups, but the total explained variation was higher for native (14%) than alien plants (9%). The richness of native species was negatively affected by the total soil nitrogen content and plant-available phosphorus, whereas the C/N ratio showed a positive impact. The alien richness was predicted only by the total soil nitrogen content showing a negative effect

Contrasting Norway spruce disturbance dynamics in managed forests and strict forest reserves in Slovakia

Forest disturbances are intensifying globally, yet regional drivers of these dynamics remain poorly understood. We investigated recent disturbance intensities in Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) forests in Slovakia (Central Europe) with different management objectives in 2000–2017 based on Landsat imagery. We focused on 122 strict reserves without any management, their actively managed surroundings (500 m and 2000 m buffers), and managed production forests beyond the buffer areas. We used generalized additive mixed models to test for differences in temporal trends of disturbance intensity among these management categories. We found that disturbance intensity was increasing in all management categories during the studied period. The increase was more pronounced in the managed forests (compound annual disturbance rate 1.76% year−1) and the 2000 m buffer (2.21% year−1) than in the strict reserves (0.58% year−1). The predicted cumulative disturbance during the 18-year period was 9.9% in the reserves and 30.5% in the 2000 m buffer. We found that forests in nature reserves can be more resistant to disturbances than forests managed for timber production, despite management efforts to control disturbances in managed forests. Our findings can help reconcile the different perceptions of natural disturbances and their management in Central Europe and support climate-adapted management strategies that consider natural disturbances as an indispensable component of ecosystem dynamics.peerReviewe