Exploring the Hows and the Whos: The Effects of Self-Regulation Prompting and Goal Orientation on the e-Learning Process

This study investigated the effects that self-regulation prompts and goal orientation may exhibit on self-regulatory processes and subsequent learning. Specifically, a moderated mediation model was developed to explain how self-regulation prompts interact with prove performance goal orientation to affect two mediational processes, time on task and self-regulatory activity, and ultimately impact learning within a learner-controlled e-learning environment. To assess these hypotheses, an online Microsoft Excel instructional program was developed wherein 197 participants had control over when and where they completed training, the content they reviewed, the delivery medium (text-based or video-based), and the sequencing and pace at which they progressed through training. Participants in the experimental condition were periodically asked questions (i.e., self-regulation prompts) designed to encourage self-assessment of learning progress and strategies. All participants completed questionnaires before and after training. Findings did not support the hypothesized model. Implications and limitations as well as recommendations for future research will be discussed

Teams in a New Era: Some Considerations and Implications

Teams have been a ubiquitous structure for conducting work and business for most of human history. However, today’s organizations are markedly different than those of previous generations. The explosion of innovative ideas and novel technologies mandate changes in job descriptions, roles, responsibilities, and how employees interact and collaborate. These advances have heralded a new era for teams and teamwork in which previous teams research and practice may not be fully appropriate for meeting current requirements and demands. In this article, we describe how teams have been historically defined, unpacking five important characteristics of teams, including membership, interdependence, shared goals, dynamics, and an organizationally bounded context, and relating how these characteristics have been addressed in the past and how they are changing in the present. We then articulate the implications these changes have on how we study teams moving forward by offering specific research questions

Promoting Teamwork in Translational Medical Teams: Insights and Recommendations from Science and Practice

Translational medical teams are transdisciplinary, highly collaborative, and operate within dynamic environments to solve time-sensitive and complex problems. These teams are tasked with turning observations in the laboratory and clinic into effective interventions that improve the health of individuals and the public. The nature of the problems they seek to solve requires coordination among clinicians, scientists, and experts from various scientific disciplines. Characteristically, translational medical teams have complex compositions, structure, and pluralistic goals, which pose significant challenges and barriers to enacting effective teamwork, compromising team performance. Given these challenges, it is imperative to glean insights from teams research and the science of team science on how to execute efficacious teamwork. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to discuss specific teamwork processes (i.e., trust, communication, self-correction, backup behavior, shared mental models, and conflict management) that are critical to translational medical team performance and offer mechanisms to better equip such teams. Utilizing a theoretical framework of transdisciplinary teamwork adapted from the science of team science and tailored to translational medical teams, we describe each of these processes, their relation to translational medical team outcomes, and how they can be leveraged to improve teamwork. Such a discussion aims to provide practical guidance for conceptualizing and enhancing teamwork in translational medical teams

The Template of Events for Applied and Critical Healthcare Simulation (TEACH Sim): A Tool for Systematic Simulation Scenario Design

Simulation-based training (SBT) affords practice opportunities for improving the quality of clinicians’ technical and nontechnical skills. However, the development of practice scenarios is a process plagued by a set of challenges that must be addressed for the full learning potential of SBT to be realized. Scenario templates are useful tools for assisting with SBT and navigating its inherent challenges. This article describes existing SBT templates, explores considerations in choosing an appropriate template, and introduces the Template of Events for Applied and Critical Healthcare Simulation (TEACH Sim) as a tool for facilitating the formation of practice scenarios in accordance with an established evidence-based simulation design methodology. TEACH Sim’s unique contributions are situated within the landscape of previously existing templates, and each of its component sections is explained in detail

Exploring Telemedicine in Emergency Medical Services: Guidance in Implementation for Practitioners

Due to the growing specialties, evolving technologies, and disease complexities, quality care is now contingent upon the synthesis of expertise and seamless coordination of multiple, oftentimes distributed, individuals. EMS exemplify the aforementioned depiction, as it involves crew members serving multiple functions separately (e.g., managing patients and driving ambulances) as well as technology enabling the transmission of information between crews in the field and ED clinicians to foster patient management and preparation for incoming patient admissions.To integrate seemingly disparate team members and their expertise while addressing patient needs and navigating the challenging clinical care system, the healthcare community has leveraged telemedicine

Thick as Thieves? Big Pharma Wields Its Power with the Help of Government Regulation

Americans are barraged by an endless flow of ads that claim to remedy medical maladies with prescribed drugs. The commercials depict productive and happy lives, with suggestive associations that human flourishing can be achieved via pharmaceutical intervention. The appeals are accompanied by an exhaustive inventory of potentially negative life-altering side effects. As ads end with this depiction of relational bliss through drug use, viewers hear a fast-paced listing of monotone non-segmented disclaimers, which can range from modest impacts (e.g., slight weight gain) to very serious implications (e.g., suicidal ideations). Research suggests that hearing about the risks of use may increase consumers\u27 trust in the advertising. Sufferers may also conclude that stronger means better (i.e., helping them more effectively manage their condition). When it comes to health, consumers tend to mitigate the risk of taking drugs. Cognitive dissonance fuels a process of rationalizing side effects as part of the cost of wellbeing

Towards the Development of a Scientifically-Based Clinical Simulation Template

Anyone who has developed or used simulation-based training (SBT) within a clinical context realizes the utility of simulation templates. Simulation templates are models for structuring simulation scenario content. They have two important purposes. First, when designed appropriately, simulation templates can facilitate development of SBT scenarios. When referencing a well-organized simulation template, instructional designers may effectively create scenarios more quickly than when working unsystematically and without guidance. Second, templates provide a standardized mold for creating scenario records, enabling replication of the scenario at separate points in time and by different users. A number of clinical simulation templates already exist. Although some are more easily available than others, a comparison of templates accessible online reveals that content and organization vary across clinical simulation templates. This raises the question of what information a functional template for developing clinical simulation scenarios should include and what format best represents this requisite information. The answer would have widespread implications for how templates are used in clinical simulation scenario development. Good clinical simulation templates are complete, easy to understand, capable of facilitating scenario development to meet instructional objectives, and document the scenario. At their core is a meaningful organizational strategy for presenting scenario information. Currently lacking in most available clinical simulation templates, however, is a clear connection to the science supporting SBT. This may be a critical disadvantage in the process of designing instructionally sound clinical simulation scenarios. Therefore, we advance a new simulation template, the Template of Events for Applied and Critical Healthcare Simulation

On Being a Team Player: Evidence-Based Heuristic for Teamwork in Interprofessional Education

Identifying the need of a team-based approach for improving quality care, there has been growth in creating and implementing interprofessional education (IPE). The goal of IPE curricula should be to instill the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required for optimal teamwork. With this objective in mind, this paper will provide a streamlined, evidence-based, memorable heuristic of teamwork that could guide interprofessional educators. Rooted in science, this heuristic consists of the six Cs of teamwork – cooperation, communication, conflict, coordination, coaching, and cognition. This paper will define the ‘Cs’ of teamwork and describe their importance, implications, and strategies for integration within interprofessional curricula

Best Practices For The Effective Implementation Of Telerounding

The research base for telemedicine is expanding with nearly the voracity that the implementation of telemedicine systems has. Telerounding is one specific subset of telemedicine where a team of physicians will gather in a specific location and use a telepresence robot to perform their day to day rounding procedures. This type of telemedicine is fairly new, and thus is lacking a solid research base to guide the implementation and usage of such a system. This paper is an initial attempt at a comprehensive list of best practices for such a system and is based off of current telemedicine literature as well as the experience of the authors. Copyright 2012 by Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Inc. All rights reserved

Best Practices for the Effective Implementation of Telerounding

The research base for telemedicine is expanding with nearly the voracity that the implementation of telemedicinesystems has. Telerounding is one specific subset of telemedicine where a team of physicians will gather in a specific location and use a telepresence robot to perform their day to day rounding procedures. This type of telemedicine is fairly new, and thus is lacking a solid research base to guide the implementation and usage of such a system. This paper is an initial attempt at a comprehensive list of best practices for such a system and is based off of current telemedicine literature as well as the experience of the authors