78 research outputs found

    Structure/ Dielectric properties relationships in nematic liquid crystal cells/ Calixarene alignment layers interactions

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    The dielectric relaxation of a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) cells, induced by several calixarene layers, has been investigated. The alignment layers were deposited onto the ITO slides using an evaporation technique and categorized using wettability technique and atomic force microscopy (AFM). These treated plates were used to prepare liquid crystal cells which induce a planar orientation of the NLC molecules. It has been shown that the calixarene alignment layers have a blocking effect on the liquid crystal cell at a high frequency.  It has also been established that the dielectric relaxation is caused by the double layer formed by the adsorption of impurity ions in (NLC) molecules onto the electrode surfaces of the cells. The dielectric behavior of nematic liquid crystal cells was studied by impedance spectroscopy in frequency range, from 1mHz to 13MHz. The Nyquist diagrams are discussed in term of equivalent electrical circuit

    Organisation d'une interface de silice greffee avec du polyoxyethylene en presence de polymere en solution, de melange de solvants organique et de cristal liquide

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    SIGLECNRS T 59377 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

    Interfaces polymère électroluminescent dérivé de PPV/ITO (influence de la fonctionnalisation de surface sur les conditions de fonctionnement des dispositifs)

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    Ce travail a porté sur l'étude de la combinaison des différents matériaux composant une structure de diode polymère électroluminescente avec une attention particulière à l'interface polymère conjugué / oxyde transparent conducteur dont le contrôle est crucial pour un fonctionnement stable dans le temps des dispositifs. Une nouvelle stratégie basée sur la fonctionnalisation de surface de l'oxyde conducteur ITO avec des couches moléculaires autoorganisées d'acide phosphonique a été mise au point. L'étude des caractéristiques électriques de diodes a mis en évidence un effet important de la préparation des surfaces d'ITO sur le fonctionnement de dispositifs. Après une présentation des propriétés spécifiques des matériaux intervenant dans les diodes électroluminescentes nous avons réalisé une revue des processus mis en jeu à l'interface polymère-ITO ainsi que des différents traitements de la surface d'ITO. Cette introduction permet d'aborder l'étude photophysique d'un nouveau dérivé soluble de PPV, synthétisé à la FSM : le POMX, qui nous a servi à mettre au point la technique de dépôt de couches minces. La modification de la structure moléculaire de base du PPV se traduit par un glissement vers le rouge de l'émission des macromolécules. Un deuxième décalage vers le rouge dû aux interactions inter-chaînes a été mis en évidence pour les films minces. L'étude de différentes techniques de nettoyage de la surface d'ITO a permis l'optimisation d'un protocole. Des mesures de mouillage associées à l'étude de la morphologie des surfaces par microscopie à force atomique ont mis en évidence une composante basique dominant pour des surfaces d'ITO propres. Ces propriétés nous ont orienté vers une fonctionnalisation avec l'acide phosphonique. Le traitement de la surface d'ITO a une influence considérable sur les propriétés d'injection et de transport de charges dans les diodes à base de POMX. L'origine de la barrière limitant l'injection des charges pour les surfaces en conditions d'atmosphère standard. Le meilleur comportement électrique est obtenu pour la fonctionnalisation d'ITO nettoyé avec un solvant organique. La couche de contamination résiduelle protège alors la surface d'ITO jusqu'à son élimination complète par l'acide phosphoniqueLYON1-BU.Sciences (692662101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    A Novel Impedimetric Sensor Based on Cyanobacterial Extracellular Polymeric Substances for Microplastics Detection

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    International audienceCyanobacterial extracellular polymeric substances “EPS” have attracted intensive concern in biomedicine and food. Nevertheless, the use of those polymers as a sensor coating material has not yet been investigated mainly for microplastic detection. This study focuses on the application of EPS as a sensitive membrane deposited on a gold electrode and investigated with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to detect four types of microplastics with a size range of 0.1 µm to 1 mm. The surface properties of this impedimetric sensor were investigated by Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy and, showed a high homogenous structure with the presence of several functional groups. The EPS-based sensor could detect the four tested microplastics with a low limit of detection of 10–11 M. It is the first report focusing on EPS extracted from cyanobacteria that could be a new quantification method for low concentrations of microplastics

    Elaboration and Characterization of a New Heavy Metal Sensor Functionalized by Extracellular Polymeric Substances Isolated from a Tunisian Thermophilic Microalga Strain <i>Graesiella</i> sp.

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    The present study aimed to develop and characterize new heavy metal sensors functionalized by extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) isolated from a Tunisian thermophilic microalga strain Graesiella sp. The elaborated sensor showed a highly homogeneous character and revealed a microstructural lamellar arrangement, high crystalline nature, and several functional groups. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and acoustic wave sensing were used as sensing techniques to explore the ability of microalgae-EPS-functionalized sensors to detect cadmium and mercury as heavy metals. For impedimetric measurements, a two-dipole circuit was adopted and showed good-fitted results with a low total error. The acoustic sensor platforms showed good compatibility with EPS in adjacent water. For both EPS-functionalized sensors, metal ions (Cd2+, Hg2+) were successfully detected in the concentration range from 10−10 M to 10−4 M. Impedimetric sensor was more sensitive to Cd2+ at low concentrations before saturation at 10−7 M, while the acoustic sensor exhibited more sensitivity to Hg2+ over the full range. The results highlight a new potential alternative to use microalgae EPSs as a sensitive coating material for the detection of heavy metals. However, its use in a real liquid medium requires further investigation of its selectivity in the presence of other compounds

    Ultra-sensitive conductometric detection of pesticides based on inhibition of esterase activity in Arthrospira platensis.

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    International audienceEnzymatic conductometric biosensor, using immobilized Arthrospira platensis cells on gold interdigitated electrodes, for the detection of pesticides in water, was elaborated. Cholinesterase activity (AChE) was inhibited by pesticides and a variation of the local conductivity was measured after addition of the substrate acetylthiocholine chloride (AChCl). The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was evaluated to be 1.8 mM through a calibration curve of AChCl. Inhibition of AChE was observed with paraoxon-methyl, parathion-methyl, triazine and diuron with a detection limit of 10(-18) M, 10(-20) M, 10(-20) M and 10(-12) M, respectively and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined at 10(-16) M, 10(-20) M, 10(-18) M and 10(-06) M, respectively. An important decrease of response time τ90% was recorded for AChE response towards AChCl after 30 min cell exposure to pesticides. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed a degradation of the cell surface in presence of pesticides at 10(-06) M
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