The operationalized psychodynamic diagnostics system. Clinical relevance, reliability and validity

In this paper, we present a multiaxial system for psychodynamic diagnosis, which has attained wide usage in Germany in the last 10 years. First we will discuss the 4 operationalized psychodynamic diagnostics (OPD) axes: illness experience and treatment assumptions, relationships, mental conflicts, and structure, then clinical applications will be outlined. Focus psychodynamic formulations can be employed both with inpatients and with outpatients. Studies show good reliability in a research context and acceptable reliability for clinical purposes. Validity will be separately summarized as content, criterion, and construct validity. Validity studies indicate good validity for the individual axes. Numerous studies on the OPD indicate areas of possible improvement, for example for clinical purposes the OPD should be more practically formulated

My Southern Home

O that my heart could turn the airThe soft and sultry airAnd on its swelling bosom restThe dreams that hover thereBack to my lov\u27d my Southern homeIts wandring steps should wendAnd bear those dreams those loving dreams to ev\u27ry loving friend. Some heartless bard of other yearsOnce breath\u27d a hapless strain That absence conquers every tie and love grows cold againit may be thus but yet I knowMy thought will fondly roamTill through the dimness of the pastIt finds my Southern home