Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Nasopharyngeal Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Children Suffering from Respiratory Pathologies

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Data have been obtained on dynamics of antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates circulating in preschool children suffering from respiratory pathologies, in the city of Kazan in the years 2009–2015. The high activity of β-lactam antibiotics (from 96 to 90.8 %, depending on the period considered), macrolides (from 83.7 to 93.4 %), and ciprofloxacin (78.9–73.5 %) for the causal treatment of pneumococcal infections. No vancomycin-resistant strains of pneumococci were registered. Comparative analysis of 2009–2011 and 2015 showed a statistically significant increase of the ratio of resistant strains to penicillin (3.5 %), amoxicillin/clavulanate (3.9 %), amoxicillin (5.3 %), clarithromycin (3.6 %), clindamycin (2.9 %), ceftriaxone (5.2 %), and cefixime (2.3 %). According to data on serotyping of isolates, serotypes of S. pneumoniae are covered by the 13-valent conjugate vaccine currently used in children by the national calendar of preventive vaccination

Evaluation of a method for the determination of antibacterial activity of chitosan

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Inc.A method for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan with the use of organic salts for the production of pH in the range of 5.5–8.2 was studied. The double-dilution method demonstrated the effectiveness of the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan samples with different molecular weights and solubilities. It was found that the antibacterial activity increased at low pH values with increasing molecular weight, but chitosans with a molecular weight of 5–6 kDa showed higher activity at neutral and slightly alkaline pH levels. Determination of the antimicrobial activity of various chitosan samples at different pH values allowed a more reliable assessment of the potential biological activity of chitosan

Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Nasopharyngeal Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Children Suffering from Respiratory Pathologies

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Data have been obtained on dynamics of antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates circulating in preschool children suffering from respiratory pathologies, in the city of Kazan in the years 2009–2015. The high activity of β-lactam antibiotics (from 96 to 90.8 %, depending on the period considered), macrolides (from 83.7 to 93.4 %), and ciprofloxacin (78.9–73.5 %) for the causal treatment of pneumococcal infections. No vancomycin-resistant strains of pneumococci were registered. Comparative analysis of 2009–2011 and 2015 showed a statistically significant increase of the ratio of resistant strains to penicillin (3.5 %), amoxicillin/clavulanate (3.9 %), amoxicillin (5.3 %), clarithromycin (3.6 %), clindamycin (2.9 %), ceftriaxone (5.2 %), and cefixime (2.3 %). According to data on serotyping of isolates, serotypes of S. pneumoniae are covered by the 13-valent conjugate vaccine currently used in children by the national calendar of preventive vaccination

Evaluation of a method for the determination of antibacterial activity of chitosan

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Inc.A method for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan with the use of organic salts for the production of pH in the range of 5.5–8.2 was studied. The double-dilution method demonstrated the effectiveness of the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan samples with different molecular weights and solubilities. It was found that the antibacterial activity increased at low pH values with increasing molecular weight, but chitosans with a molecular weight of 5–6 kDa showed higher activity at neutral and slightly alkaline pH levels. Determination of the antimicrobial activity of various chitosan samples at different pH values allowed a more reliable assessment of the potential biological activity of chitosan

Evaluation of a method for the determination of antibacterial activity of chitosan

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Inc.A method for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan with the use of organic salts for the production of pH in the range of 5.5–8.2 was studied. The double-dilution method demonstrated the effectiveness of the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan samples with different molecular weights and solubilities. It was found that the antibacterial activity increased at low pH values with increasing molecular weight, but chitosans with a molecular weight of 5–6 kDa showed higher activity at neutral and slightly alkaline pH levels. Determination of the antimicrobial activity of various chitosan samples at different pH values allowed a more reliable assessment of the potential biological activity of chitosan

Evaluation of a method for the determination of antibacterial activity of chitosan

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Inc.A method for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan with the use of organic salts for the production of pH in the range of 5.5–8.2 was studied. The double-dilution method demonstrated the effectiveness of the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan samples with different molecular weights and solubilities. It was found that the antibacterial activity increased at low pH values with increasing molecular weight, but chitosans with a molecular weight of 5–6 kDa showed higher activity at neutral and slightly alkaline pH levels. Determination of the antimicrobial activity of various chitosan samples at different pH values allowed a more reliable assessment of the potential biological activity of chitosan

Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Nasopharyngeal Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Children Suffering from Respiratory Pathologies

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Data have been obtained on dynamics of antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates circulating in preschool children suffering from respiratory pathologies, in the city of Kazan in the years 2009–2015. The high activity of β-lactam antibiotics (from 96 to 90.8 %, depending on the period considered), macrolides (from 83.7 to 93.4 %), and ciprofloxacin (78.9–73.5 %) for the causal treatment of pneumococcal infections. No vancomycin-resistant strains of pneumococci were registered. Comparative analysis of 2009–2011 and 2015 showed a statistically significant increase of the ratio of resistant strains to penicillin (3.5 %), amoxicillin/clavulanate (3.9 %), amoxicillin (5.3 %), clarithromycin (3.6 %), clindamycin (2.9 %), ceftriaxone (5.2 %), and cefixime (2.3 %). According to data on serotyping of isolates, serotypes of S. pneumoniae are covered by the 13-valent conjugate vaccine currently used in children by the national calendar of preventive vaccination

Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Nasopharyngeal Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Children Suffering from Respiratory Pathologies

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Data have been obtained on dynamics of antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates circulating in preschool children suffering from respiratory pathologies, in the city of Kazan in the years 2009–2015. The high activity of β-lactam antibiotics (from 96 to 90.8 %, depending on the period considered), macrolides (from 83.7 to 93.4 %), and ciprofloxacin (78.9–73.5 %) for the causal treatment of pneumococcal infections. No vancomycin-resistant strains of pneumococci were registered. Comparative analysis of 2009–2011 and 2015 showed a statistically significant increase of the ratio of resistant strains to penicillin (3.5 %), amoxicillin/clavulanate (3.9 %), amoxicillin (5.3 %), clarithromycin (3.6 %), clindamycin (2.9 %), ceftriaxone (5.2 %), and cefixime (2.3 %). According to data on serotyping of isolates, serotypes of S. pneumoniae are covered by the 13-valent conjugate vaccine currently used in children by the national calendar of preventive vaccination