Evaluation of single electron transfer reduction products of 3-oxoindoles as antibacterial agents

Objective: The objective of the present study is to assess the antibacterial properties of six indole derivatives viz, 3-(Naphth-1-y - methyl) –indole (II), 3-(1-Naphthylcarbonyl – indole (III), 3,3\u27 –diformyl-2,2\u27 –bis indole (IV), 1,4- (3,3\u27 –di indolyl) – 1,4-dioxobutane (V), 3-benzoyl indole (VI) and 1,1 – bis – (3-indolyl)- ethane (VII) synthesized by single electron transfer reduction of 3-formylindole (I) against two Gram +ve and two Gram –ve bacteria which usually cause human infections. Methods: Synthesis of 3-formyl indole from which the indole derivatives were prepared were further characterized by IR and NMR analysis. The six synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method and the activities were further confirmed by determining their MIC values by microdilution technique. Results: All of the compounds more or less showed activity against different bacterial species except compound IV which showed activity only against B. subtilis. Compound II exhibited the most potent activity with lower MIC values against two Gram –ve and one Gram +ve bacteria of which the Gram –ve ones are known to be responsible for nosocomial and community acquired infections. Conclusion: Compound II being the most potent active compound may serve as leads for further optimization most likely to contribute as a broad spectrum antibiotic

Asimafoetidnol: A New Sesquiterpenoid Coumarin From the Gum Resin of Ferula Assa-Foetida

Chemical investigation of the gum resin of Ferula assa-foetida L. resulted in the isolation of a new sesquiterpenoid coumarin, 7-(((E)-5-((1S,3S,6S)-3,6- dihydroxy-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl)oxy) -2H-chromen-2-one (asimafoetidnol), together with several other known compounds. The structure of asimafoetidnol was established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. Geometry optimization of the compound has been carried out using a DFT/B3LYP/3-21G* method

An Overview of the Genus Nardostachys

Nardostachys jatamansi, a medicinally important herb of Nepalese origin, has been used for centuries in the Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine. In combination with Marsilea minuta it is being used as an antistress and anticonvulsant drug and also finds use in the treatment of epilepsy. Recently, it has been reported that N. jatamansi, which plays an important role in protecting from cerebral ischemia and liver damage, is also used for the treatment of osteoporosis and hypercalcemia. The other member of the genus Nardostachys, N. chinensis, possesses antifungal and antimalarial properties. It is also used in the treatment of skin dysfunction. A short summary of the chemical constituents of the two species along with their physical and biological properties is reported

N-(4-Methylphenyl) Benzenepropanamide - the First Isolated Amide From the Genus Paederia

Investigation of the stem of Paederia foetida (Rubiaceae) resulted in the isolation and characterization of N-(4-methylphenyl)-benzopropanamide, which was hitherto unknown as a natural product This is the first report of an amide for the genus Paederia

Dielectric activation of MnO<SUB>2</SUB>: Part 1 - Oxidation of conjugated unsaturated alcohols

The activation of 'wet' precipitated manganese dioxide through an environmentally benign and expeditious pathway involving the use of a specially manoeuvered domestic microwave oven and its applicability in several organic solvents for near quantitative conversion of a range of conjugated unsaturated alcohols is demonstrated. The protocol effectively replaces procedures that are strenuous, hazardous and prohibitively time consuming. Again compatibility in almost all common organic solvents offers additional advantages e.g. control over precise activation and remarkable flexibility in the choice of substrates and conditions

Dielectric activation of MnO₂: Part 1─ Oxidation of conjugated unsaturated alcohols

1309-1311The activation of ‘wet’ precipitated manganese dioxide through an environmentally benign and expeditious pathway involving the use of a specially manoeuvered domestic microwave oven and its applicability in several organic solvents for near quantitative conversion of a range of conjugated unsaturated alcohols is demonstrated. The protocol effectively replaces procedures that are strenuous, hazardous and prohibitively time consuming. Again compatibility in almost all common organic solvents offers additional advantages e.g. control over precise activation and remarkable flexibility in the choice of substrates and conditions

Use of ninhydrin for detection of silylated amino acids

This article does not have an abstract

An Improved Method of Optimizing the Extraction of Polyphenol Oxidase from Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Peel

The present study has an objective to optimize the extraction of Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) peel. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design experiments and study the effect of six influential extraction parameters: extraction buffer concentration (100-500 mM), pH of extraction buffer (4.5-8.5), time (1-12 hours), temperature (4-40C), concentration of PMSF (1-5 mM) and volume of extraction buffer (200-1000 ml) on the extraction of PPO. The dependent variable was considered as response function which was specific activity (SA) of extracted PPO. ANOVA was performed to obtain the regression equation that could predict the responses within given range. From RSM generated model, the optimum conditions for the maximum extraction of PPO were phosphate buffer concentration of 100 mm, buffer pH of 4.5, extraction time of 1 hour, 40C temperature, PMSF concentration of 5 mM and buffer volume of 200 ml. Finally, this study illustrates a cost effective and less time consuming method to maximize the extraction of PPO from a vegetable waste

A new route to the synthesis of indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles

A straightforward, easy and smooth process of synthesizing indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles, which can frequently serve as a nucleus of several natural products is reported. The process involves only two steps viz. single electron transfer reaction and subsequent reductive cyclization with hydrazine

An entry to the synthesis of novel nitrogen macroheterocycles

2,2'-Bi(1H-indolyl)-3,3'-dicarbaldehydes, prepared from 1H-indole-3-carbaldehydes by exploiting SET methodology, served as the key compound for synthesizing indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles as well as nitrogen macroheterocycles. Condensation of 2,2'-bi(1H-indolyl)-3,3'-dicarbaldehyde with aliphatic diamines produced Schiff’s base type compounds possessing a 10–14-membered ring