Verschiedene sprichwörtliche Redensarten – das erste kroatische phraseologische Wörterbuch

The first Croatian phraseological dictionary, compiled in German under the title Verschiedene sprichwörtliche Redensarten was published as a part of the conversational manual accompanying the last published grammar of the Kajkavian literary language, Grammatik der kroatischen Mundart. Its author, Ignac Kristijanović, had accomplished this pioneering undertaking against the contemporary practice, listing the idioms as separate phraseological units in form of a small phraseological dictionary, and not within the dictionary entries of the general dictionary. The paper deals with the macro- and microstructure of Kristijanović’s dictionary within the theoretical framework of the so-called Zagreb School of Phraseology (Menac, Fink-Arsovski).On the macrostructural level, the analysis focuses on the selection principles of the included units and their order in the dictionary. Special attention is paid to the question which material is included, ie. whether the dictionary contains only idioms defined in accordance with today’s phraseological theory and whether the author makes a distinction between idioms and other fixed multi-word expressions (collocations, proverbs).On the microstructural level, it is being examined which form of a idiom is taken as a lemma and how the Kajkavian idioms are translated on the German side of the dictionary (an equivalent German idiom; a German idiom and the explanation of its meaning; the description of the situation in which the idiom is being used). In addition, the question of dealing with synonymous idioms is discussed.In spite of a sporadically non-systematic treatment of structurally similar idioms as dictionary units, and taking into consideration that the Verschiedene sprichwörtliche Redensarten was compiled in the first half of the 19th century, Kristijanović’s dictionary can be viewed as an interesting and valuable contribution to Croatian and Slavic phraseology and phraseography.Im Jahre 1837 erschien in Zagreb die Grammatik der kroatischen Mundart von Ignac Kristijanović und drei Jahre danach auch das Wörterbuch Anhang zur Grammatik der kroatischen Mundart, was schon an sich ein Kuriosum darstellt, weil Wörterbücher gewöhnlich ein integraler Bestandteil damaliger Fremdsprachenlehrwerke waren. Der Anhang umfasst sechs Teile: Sammlung der notwendigsten Wörter (ein alphabetisch angeordnetes kajkavisch-deutsches und deutsch-kajkavisches Wörterbuch), Verschiedene sprichwörtliche Redensarten, Sprichwörter, Gespräche im Umgange zur Übung im Kroatisch-Reden und zur Erlangung der Geläufigkeit in der kroatischen Sprache, Vermischte Erzählungen und Verschiedene Briefe. Das Thema des vorliegenden Beitrags ist der dritte Teil des Wörterbuches, also Verschiedene sprichwörtliche Redensarten, der das erste kroatische phraseologische Wörterbuch darstellt. Trotz geringen Umfangs (circa 290 Seiten) gebührt ihm besondere Beachtung, weil es eine wesentliche Abweichung von der damaligen lexikographischen Praxis darstellt. Nämlich, bis zum Erscheinen des Anhangs war die lexikographische Bearbeitung fester Wortverbindungen eher unsystematisch und in allgemeinen Wörterbüchern integriert. In diesem Artikel wird der Versuch unternommen, phraseologische Äquivalenzbeziehungen in Kristijanovićs Wörterbuch nach den Grundsätzen der modernen Phraseologie zu erläutern. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird dabei seinen phraseologischen Methoden geschenkt: Wie stellt der Autor die Beziehungen zwischen Phrasemvarianten oder Rektionsvarianten dar und wie versucht er, durch die Kontextualisierung der kajkavischen Phraseme ihre Bedeutung einem deutschsprachigen Zielpublikum näherzubringen

Parni prijedlozi

U radu će biti obrađeni prijedlozi koji se često pojavljuju u paru: od i do, iz i u, s i na. Učestalom uporabom u tim parovima navedeni prijedlozi nadilaze svoja pojedinačna primarna semantička i sintaktička obilježja. Na njihovu strukturnu i semantičku cjelovitost upućuje i frazeološka uporaba.In this paper the authors consider prepositions that often appear in pairs (e.g. od and do, iz and u, s and na), showing semantic and structural pair integrity (showing, namely, that such prepositions only become meaningful in pairs). This integrity can also be seen in their frequent idiomatic use. The paper provides a thorough outline of preposition pair analysis in dictionaries and of their status in literature. It is demonstrated that preposition pair analysis in Croatian monolingual dictionaries is inconsistent, i.e. nonsystematized. The following analyzes semantic features of such prepositions and classifies them into several groups according to their meaning. Furthermore, the paper considers syntactic features of such prepositions (they are used as adverbials, attributes or parts of nominal predicates). When it comes to identification of syntactic (sentence) idiom function, the authors point out that some structural types are predetermined for particular syntactic functions, e.g. all structurally verbal idioms with preposition pairs in this paper are of the verbal categorical meaning, and they will all have a predicative function in the sentence. In conclusion, the paper proposes a preposition pair methodology for monolingual dictionaries of the contemporary Croatian language, and provides a model of preposition pair idiom analysis