Baseline and treatment features of study (A) and validation (B) cohorts.

<p>n.d.  =  not detectable, SVR = Sustained virologic response, SC = HBeAg to anti-HBe seroconversion, Rel = relapse, NR = no response, OTR = on treatment response.</p><p>Baseline and treatment features of study (A) and validation (B) cohorts.</p

Comparison of miRNA profile of SVR vs NR and REL at different time points by Student’s t test analysis: a total of 21 miRNA (out of 66 tested) showed significant differential expression after Bonferroni correction (cut-off<0.000758).

<p>Comparison of miRNA profile of SVR vs NR and REL at different time points by Student’s t test analysis: a total of 21 miRNA (out of 66 tested) showed significant differential expression after Bonferroni correction (cut-off<0.000758).</p

Differentially expressed miRNAs comparing Baseline (BL) and Week 12 (Wk 12) sera in 14 Peg-IFN HBeAg negative CHB patients.

<p>Of the 8 miRNAs presenting p<0.05 only miR-30e-3p passes the Bonferroni correction (cut-off <0.000758) for multiple testing (<b>ΔΔ</b>Cq 1.7 up-regulation, p = 0.000354).</p><p>Differentially expressed miRNAs comparing Baseline (BL) and Week 12 (Wk 12) sera in 14 Peg-IFN HBeAg negative CHB patients.</p

MiR-B-Index in HBV carriers: diagnostic performance to identify inactive carriers (AUROCs), index kinetics in Peg-IFN treated patients by outcome and distribution of the index values by treatment outcome and phase of HBV infection.

<p><b>A)</b> Receiver operating characteristic curve for MiR-B-Index in IC vs patients with chronic hepatitis (HBeAg positive or negative CHB, HBV/HDV chronic hepatitis, ALD1): 0.9520 (95% CI 0.903 to 1.000, p<0.001); <b>B)</b> ROC for MiR-B-Index in IC vs HBeAg negative CHB (ALD2): 0.954 (95% CI 0.902 to 1.000, p<0.001; <b>C)</b> Kinetics of MiR-B-Index in 14 patients treated with Peg-IFN: MiR-B-Index values progressively increased in SVR, whereas they showed minor fluctuations in REL/NR (p<0.001); <b>D)</b> Whisker plot of the MiR-B-Index (y-axis) values in BL CHB patients treated with Peg-IFN (NR, REL and SVR), 24 week post-T-FU of REL/NR and SVR and IC, separately (CHB-BL vs IC p<0.001; SVR-BL vs SVR PT-FU p<0.001; REL/NR BL vs REL/NR PT-FU p = 0.462; SVR PT-FU vs IC p = 0.792).</p

Dynamic variation of miRNA profiles at Baseline (BL), during (week 12, 24 and End of Treatment, EOT) and after therapy (week 24 post-treatment follow-up, PT-FU) according to treatment response (NR, REL, SVR) in 14 Peg-IFN treated patients.

<p>Statistical analysis by one way ANOVA.</p><p>Dynamic variation of miRNA profiles at Baseline (BL), during (week 12, 24 and End of Treatment, EOT) and after therapy (week 24 post-treatment follow-up, PT-FU) according to treatment response (NR, REL, SVR) in 14 Peg-IFN treated patients.</p

One-way ANOVA and Wilcoxon Mann Whitney U test in 61 untreated HBV carriers: 31 miRNAs (out of 66 tested) showed significant differential expression after either ANOVA or the U test on the four group comparison (Bonferroni multiple testing cut-off = 0.000758).

<p>One-way ANOVA and Wilcoxon Mann Whitney U test in 61 untreated HBV carriers: 31 miRNAs (out of 66 tested) showed significant differential expression after either ANOVA or the U test on the four group comparison (Bonferroni multiple testing cut-off = 0.000758).</p

Hierarchical clustering of miRNAs from HBsAg particles and samples.

<p>The heatmap shows the result of the two-way hierarchical clustering of miRNAs from HBsAg particles and samples (zero centered). The colour scale shown at the top illustrates the relative expression level of a miRNA across all samples: red colour represents an expression level above mean, blue colour represents expression lower than the mean. The SVR post-T FU (Peg-IFN treated patients) group clusters with the IC group.</p

Univariate and logistic regression analysis linking failure with independent variables.

<p>Univariate and logistic regression analysis linking failure with independent variables.</p

Failure rates following the first DAA regimen, by HCV genotype and treatment regimen in patients who completed the 12 weeks post treatment evaluation (n = 3,830 patients).

<p>Failure rates following the first DAA regimen, by HCV genotype and treatment regimen in patients who completed the 12 weeks post treatment evaluation (n = 3,830 patients).</p

Modifications of liver disease stage following DAA treatment in patients with cirrhosis.

<p>(A) Baseline, post-failure and post-retreatment SVR12 changes of Child Pugh Class; (B) baseline and post-failure changes of Child Pugh Class for patients who were not retreated yet; (C) baseline and post-SVR12 changes of Child Pugh Class for patients who achieved SVR12 following the first DAA treatment. Bold arrows indicate patients who did not change the Child Pugh Class. Dashed arrows indicate patients who worsened the Child Pugh Class, whereas the grey arrows indicate patients who improved the Child Pugh class. In the curly brackets are reported the number of patients for specific changes observed in the Child Pugh classes in the three points of evaluation. n = number of patients.</p