Agglutination Enhancing Effect of Semen on Pre-Treated Erythrocyte Rhesus D Agglutinogen in Human

Human semen serves as fluids medium in which sperm cells are dispersed and swim within. Semen contains about 90% water along with proteins that include Immunoglobulin-A (IgA), Haptoglobin, fructose sugar, other dissolved substances and electrolyte. Apart from preserving the sperm cells, semen may carry certain immunological feature as part of its protective functions. From a male partner in coital activity, semen’s cellular component and proteins deposited into the vagina do not antigenically qualify as ‘self’. This is a study to determine a possible agglutination resistant effect of semen on various types of ABO and Rhesus blood group members or agglutination enhancing effect of the same ABO and Rhesus group members. Keywords: Rhesus, ABO, Blood  Group Agglutination  Semen Haptoglobin. DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/71-01 Publication date:June 30th 2021

Lower Pitch Voice Produce by Effort Sound in Previously Uvulectomized Children

The palatine uvula is conic projection composing of soft connective tissue which has a number of racemose glands. It hangs from the posterior edge of the middle of the soft palate of the roof of the mouth. It has circular muscle fibres at its base and helps in closing the nasopharynx during deglutition. Copious secretion from the uvula helps moisten the larynx and vocal cord to maintain quality speech. In the Hausas’ culture in Northern Nigeria, the uvula is highly demonized and blamed for a lot of health problems and risk of death and so all infants must ‘proactively’ undergo uvulectomy on the 7th day after birth, with few exceptions.  This study aims at evaluating the effect of uvulectomy on pitch quality of effort sounds of young children between 2 to 11 years of age. Eighty subjects were divided into two groups of 40 uvulectomized and 40 non-uvulectomized children which were further subdivided into various age ranges of equal mix of male and female. Audio frequency analyzer software is used to conduct the test and the result shows a reduction in frequency of the sounds produced by uvulectomized subjects, p<0.05. Uvulectomy does affect the quality of sound produced in children giving a significant lower pitch quality. Keywords: Uvula, Uvulectomy, Effort Sound, Frequency, Pitch DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/90-01 Publication date:June 30th 202

The population structure of clinical extra-intestinal Escherichia coli in a teaching hospital from Nigeria

Limited information is available regarding the population structure of extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) in Africa. Antimicrobial resistance profiles, sequence types (STs) and fimH types were determined on 60 clinical ExPEC from Nigeria using a 7-single nucleotide polymorphism quantitative PCR and sequencing of certain genes. Different ST131 clades were identified with a multiplex PCR. The isolates were mostly obtained from urines (58.3%). Not-susceptibility rates were as follows: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (98%), cefotaxime (68%), gentamicin (55%), ciprofloxacin (62%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (2%). Dominant STs were associated with CTX-M-15 and included ST131-fimH30 (23%), ST457-fimH145 (20%), ST405-fimH27 (13%) and ST95-fimH41 (10%). We found the 7-SNP qPCR to be simple and cost-effective that can be utilized to tract different ExPEC clones on a global scale. This study provided insight into the population structure of ExPEC from Nigeria showing high prevalence of the rarely reported ST457 and the presence of multidrug resistant ST95.The University of Calgary (UCRG Seed Grant) to RD and a research grant from the Calgary Laboratory Services (#10015169) to JDDP.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/diagmicrobio2019-09-01hj2018Medical Microbiolog