Seminal fluid profile of male partners of infertile couples at Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso: a three year review

Background: Infertility, according to the World Health Organization, has been defined as a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after twelve (12) months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Studies around the world have proven that at the very least, fifty (50) million couples worldwide suffer from infertility and these figures vary from one part of the world to the other. Male factor contribution to infertility remains significant and semen analysis is a major way to determine its contribution. Materials and Methods: This study involved retrieval of the case files of infertile couple attending gynaecology and urology clinics at the Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso over a three year period. The seminal fluid analysis results were retrieved from the case files and relevant information checked, reviewed and inputted in a tabular form in Microsoft Excel. Result: A total of 194 couples were managed for infertility between January 2018 and December 2020. Out of this number, seminal fluid analysis was requested for 125 couples, of which only 69 results were returned and 56 seminal fluid analysis results were not returned to the clinic. Conclusion: It was observed that 36% of infertility cases had no evidence to show that seminal fluid analysis was requested for during the course of management of these infertile couple. The implication of this is that there may be an oversight factor on the part of the requesting physician. Other possible reasons is because the female partners of infertile couples often make the trip to the infertility clinics alone hence the physician may have no choice but to investigate the female partner alone. Azoospermia (36%) was the major contributing factors for to male infertility

An appraisal of routine Antenatal laboratory parameters at booking in Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State Nigeria

Antenatal care (ANC) involves a planned and coordinated medical and psychosocial support that optimally begins before conception and extends throughout the antepartum period. Routine laboratory tests at booking are part of this range of evidence-based interventions to ensure healthy mothers and infants.  The usual recommended routine ANC laboratory tests in low resource countries include; packed Cell Volume (PCV), Blood/Rhesus group, Hemoglobin genotype, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and urinalysis. A review of Antenatal booking investigation results of consecutive presenting pregnant women at Bowen University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogbomoso between January 1, 2019 and June 30, 2021 were analyzed alongside with other relevant information such as age, parity, occupation, level of education, year of last childbirth. Eight hundred and fifty-two pregnant women participated in the study, out of which 522 (61.3%) were <30 years while 312 (36.6%) and 18 (2.1%) were 30-39 years and ≥40 years respectively. Most of the women were age 20 – 29 years (60.6%) and only 2 (0.7%) were teenagers. Majority of the participants had parity of 1-4 (94.7%) while only 33 were grand multiparous. A total of 387 (45.4) women had normal PCV while 465 (54.6) had a PCV in the range of mild to moderate anaemia. None was severely anaemic.  The commonest blood group was ‘O’ 390 (45.7%). Most of the mothers 771 (90.4%) were Rhesus D positive while 81 (9.6%) of them were negative. Only three women were positive for HIV while 6 and 78 women had a positive VDRL and HbSAg test results respectively. Most of the women are young (<40 years), have blood group O rhesus D positive and were anaemic at booking. Most of the participants are non-reactive to VDRL, HIV and HBsAg tests. The high percentage of anaemic cases in this study have justified the critical role of routine ANC laboratory tests in providing prompt detection and thus modification or management of pre-existing conditions or risk factors that may influence the course and outcome of pregnancy and labour

Barriers to Placenta Donation for Bio-Medical Reasearch Purposes Among Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Health Institution in Nigeria

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An appraisal of pattern and presentation of gynaecological malignancies in Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Nigeria

Background: Gynaecological malignancies are cancers that occur in or on a woman's reproductive organs and genitals which includes the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The prevalence of gynaecological malignancies varies from one country to another. The factors responsible for the observed variance includes lifestyle, dietary pattern, level of education and the sophistication of health care system. This study aims to identify the pattern and clinical presentations of gynaecological malignancies at Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso over a five-year period.Methods: This was a retrospective study involving one hundred and twenty-three (123) patients with a histological diagnosis of gynecological malignancy.Results: Patients with gynaecological malignancies accounted for 3.6% of the patients seen in the period under review. Majority of these patients were multiparous and between the age range of 50 and 69 years. The commonest form of gynaecological malignancy seen was cervical cancer.Conclusion: Health care programs and policies that strengthen public awareness campaigns, health education and health promotion like human papilloma virus vaccination and follow up surveillance will help to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with gynaecological malignancies. Keywords: appraisal, pattern, presentation, gynaecological malignancie