Atomoxetine-induced wake-time teeth clenching and sleep bruxism in a child patient

PubMedID: 25159091[No abstract available

The clinical features of children and adolescents with school refusal [Okul reddi olan çocuk ve ergenlerin klinik özellikleri]

Objective: To assess the clinical features of children with school refusal and discuss them in the light of the resources reviewed. Methods: Fifty-five children with school refusal have been included in the study. Firstly, we gave information about study and got informed consent. Detailed clinical interviews were made with child and parents. A sociodemographic information form and a Symptom Check List for Separation Anxiety Disorder were applied to the parents. Definitive statistics were employed in the evaluation of the data. Results: It was found that among children who presented with complaints of school refusal the number of boys was higher; the average age of children was 9.1±3.0; school refusal was more frequently seen in children who go through important transition periods such as starting primary school (5-7 years) and junior high school (10-11 years); most of the families had either one child or two children; school refusal was more frequently seen in the first child of the family; the most frequently seen psychiatric disorder was separation anxiety disorder; and the most frequently seen accompanying diagnosis in children with separation anxiety disorder was another anxiety disorder. Conclusions: School refusal should be considered as an important problem due to its effects that could be permanent in the social, emotional, and educational life of the affected individual. The early identification and treatment of the cases will inhibit the development of psychiatric disorders. Today there is still ongoing controversy regarding school refusal. Thus, in child and adolescent population, future studies are needed to determine the etiology, epidemiology, subtypes, diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of school refusal

Child sexual abuse: Seven years in practice

PubMedID: 20345776The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of sexually abused children. The records of 101 cases of child sexual abuse (CSA) were retrospectively evaluated. Socio-demographic characteristics of the victims, type of sexual abuse, and psychiatric diagnosis were studied. Of the victims, 56.4% (n = 57) were female and 43.6% (n = 44) were male. The mean age was 9.57 ± 3.5, with a range of 4-17 years. Ninety-three (92.1%) of the victims had been admitted as part of the legal process. The majority (66.3%) of the victims had been abused by an acquaintance, while 33.7% had been abused by a stranger. Anal or vaginal penetration was reported in 48.5% of the cases. Post-traumatic stress disorder was the most common (54.5%) psychiatric diagnosis established after sexual abuse. Descriptive data related to the abused children and an understanding of the consequences of CSA will help authorities in planning prevention. © 2010 American Academy of Forensic Sciences

Parental psychological symptoms and familial risk factors of children and adolescents who exhibit school refusal

PubMedID: 22215791Objectives: To assess the levels of psychological symptoms in the parents of children with school refusal and determine the familial risk factors in its development. Methods: This study was performed on 55 pairs of parents who had children exhibiting school refusal and were compared with a control group. A socio-demographic data form, the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Symptom Checklist-90 revised were applied to these parents. Results: Parents of the school refusal group had higher anxiety and depression scores than the controls. Among the risk factors for school refusal, physical punishment by the parents, a history of organic disease in the parents or children, and a history of psychiatric disorders in the parents or other relatives were found to be significant. Conclusions: Depending on genetic and environmental factors, parents with psychiatric disorders appeared to be associated with development of psychiatric disorders in their children. Moreover, psychiatric disorders in parents negatively affected the treatment of their children and adolescents who exhibited school refusal. It is therefore vital to treat psychiatric disorders of parents with the children having psychiatric disorders, and thus increase parent participation in their children's therapeutic process. © 2011 Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists

Negative effects of excessive media exposure in children and adolescents; violence tendency and internet dependence [Medyanin çocuk ve gençler üzerine olumsuz etkileri; şiddet egilimi ve i·nternet bagimligi]

Although, marked contribution of media on modern life, excessive and inappropriate using may cause important behavioral and emotional problems, especially in children and adolescents. It was shown by many experimental and longitudinal studies that media violence result permanent and increased aggressive behaviors short and long periods. It includes viewing violence on television but it is more pronounced on computer and internet games because of active learning processes. Recently, internet addiction is an also important mental health problem which affects the most of the societies. Playing game and chatting on internet are more risky using forms for internet addiction. Other psychiatric disorders, especially attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, mood disorders and anxiety disorders are frequently seen together with internet addiction. Family training programs includes risks of media and appropriate media using forms; and legal measures are prime necessities at now

The investigation of domestic violence in child psychiatric sample [Çocuk psikiyatri olgularinda aile içi şiddet öyküsünün sorgulanmasi]

Objective: When the studies are reviewed about domestic violence against partner and child, there are a few studies which include psychiatric sample, especially children. The aim of this study is to compare the two methods to domestic violence against child (DVAC) and domestic violence against partner (DVAP) in the pediatric psychiatric sample. Methods: In this study, DVAC and DVAP were investigated with two different methods. The first was self-report questionnaire. The second was to ask similar questions during face to face intervention, Participants were 510 mothers who had 4-12 years old child and who applied child and adolescent psychiatry department. Findings: Both DVAC and DVAP were determined higher rates in the first method. Additionally, correlation between two methods was very little. DVAC rates increased in the children who had DVAP history in their family. Conclusion: This study results were not similar to literature knowledge that 'DV should be examined as short and close and questions during face to face intervention'; according to our results the rate of this suggested method was effective at a level of only half-of the another method. This traditional method might be true, but it couldn't forget that this rate might bring Iower results than the reality. When there is a doubt about the presence of DV in family, different methods should be use, and each family member should be examined separately

Impulse control disorders in a group of university exam preparatory course students [Bir grup üniversiteye hazırlık ögrencisinde dürtü kontrol bozuklugu]

Objective: In recent years, interest on prevalence and comorbidity of impulse control disorders is constantly increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of impulse control disorders and its association with the existence of comorbid axis I disorders in young adult university exam preparatory course students. Met hods: Two hundred and twenty-six preparatory course students aged 18-27 (mean age: 19.2) years were included in this study. Axis I diagnoses were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Lifetime impulse control disorders were investigated using the modified version of Minnesota Impulsive Disorders Interview. Impulsivity was measured with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11(BIS-11). Results: The prevalence rate of all impulse control disorders in our sample was 23.4% (n=55). The most common impulse control disorder subtype was impulse control disorder not otherwise specified ICD-NOS (%16.8), followed by trichotillomania and intermittent explosive disorder. The most common ICD-NOS subtype was compulsive buying. There was no statistically significant difference between the diagnoses of axis I disorders in students with and without impulse control disorders. A statistically significant difference was found between groups with and without impulse control disorders in terms of total impulsivity and nonplanning scores determined by the BIS-11. C onc lu si on: Considering early age onset and decreasing prevalence with progressive aging, impulse control disorders are expected to be common in the young adult population. Prevalence rates determined at the end of this study were found to be higher in comparison with the peer group in literature. However, the prevalence rates obtained in our study may not be generalized tothe society because of the statistical limitation concerning our sample size. Large-scale, epidemiologic studies are required to be performed on this topic. © Archives of Neuropsychiatry, published by Galenos Publishing