Distribution of the savings induced by the sharing of demand information in supply chains

International audienceIn this paper, we study the distribution of the savings incurred by the sharing of demand information. Specifically, we investigate how savings occur depending on the considered position in the supply chain, viz. retailer or wholesaler. For that purpose, we simulate a spreadsheet implementation of a version of the Beer Game with two companies when market demand is a normal distribution. The companies may use one of three ordering strategies: () no information sharing, () point-to-point information sharing and () information sharing by information centralisation. We discuss what would be an ideal ordering strategy in the Beer Game. Finally, we look for the Nash equilibria in our model and conclude that the company sharing the demand information has the benefits of having a lower and more stable inventory level

Multi-objective inventory routing problem: A stochastic model to consider profit, service level and green criteria

International audienceThe Inventory Routing Problem has been mainly studied in recent decades under an economic performance perspective. In this paper, we develop a multi-objective mathematical framework for the IRP to link: (i) the economic performance, (ii) the achieved server level in terms of shortage and delivery delays and (iii) the environmental footprint. The framework developed addresses the uncertainty by considering fuzzy distributions for certain problem inputs, such as the demand and the transportation costs. We show the negative impact on the economic performance when service level targets are exogenously chosen without coordination with the logistics components (inventory and distribution). (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Choice of an ordering strategy taking account of risks about customer service levels and on-hand inventories

International audienceThis paper proposes a methodology to study what ordering strategy will be chosen by companies in a supply chain when risk is taken into account. Here, risks are measured as the standard deviation of the customer service and on-hand inventory levels induced by the three considered strategies. We apply this methodology to investigate the conditions under which optimisation-based and stream management-based strategies are preferred. We find that the considered traditional optimisation-based strategy appears more often in Nash equilibria than any of our two stream management-based strategies. To our knowledge, the methodology itself is one of the first to demonstrate how to take several constraints (market demand, and preferences of companies over customer service and inventory levels) into account when choosing an ordering strategy

Inventory Routing Problem for Perishable Products by Considering Customer Satisfaction and Green Criteria

International audienceThis paper presents a new model for Inventory Routing Problem (IRP) considering simultaneously economic criteria, customer satisfaction level and environmental aspect for perishable products with expiration date. For this consideration, a multi-objective mathematical model has been developed. The first objective focuses on traditional inventory and distribution costs as well as recycling cost of perished products. The second objective concerns in customer satisfaction by minimization of three criteria, such as the number of delays (deliver after time windows), the quantity of backordered, and the frequency of backorders. The third objective considers Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission, produced by different IRP activities. The proposed model is also enabled to investigate the possibility of using diesel and electrical vehicles in urban transportation. In order to cope with complexity of proposed model, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is tuned and applied. Finally, sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effects of variation of customer satisfaction and green aspects in economic side

A Roadmap for evolution of existing production system toward the factory of the future: A case study in automotive industry

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Inventory Routing Problem for Perishable Products by Considering Customer Satisfaction and Green Criteria

International audienceThis paper presents a new model for Inventory Routing Problem (IRP) considering simultaneously economic criteria, customer satisfaction level and environmental aspect for perishable products with expiration date. For this consideration, a multi-objective mathematical model has been developed. The first objective focuses on traditional inventory and distribution costs as well as recycling cost of perished products. The second objective concerns in customer satisfaction by minimization of three criteria, such as the number of delays (deliver after time windows), the quantity of backordered, and the frequency of backorders. The third objective considers Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission, produced by different IRP activities. The proposed model is also enabled to investigate the possibility of using diesel and electrical vehicles in urban transportation. In order to cope with complexity of proposed model, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is tuned and applied. Finally, sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effects of variation of customer satisfaction and green aspects in economic side

Inventory Routing Problem for Perishable Products by Considering Social Issue

International audienceInventory Routing Problem (IRP) for perishable products is one of the complex subjects in IRPs. Moreover, considering other criteria and constraints, such as respecting time window, managing the amount of expired products, fuel consumption and environment and social criteria bring this problem more complex. This paper presents a new model considering economic and social aspects in IRPs. We study the effect of speed of vehicle in distribution of perishable products in IRPs. This consideration allows to reduce delivery time, impacting several economic criteria, but increase driver injury (risk of accident for driver), considerate in this model as social issues. In order to find a tradeoff between these issues, a new bi-objective mathematical model has been proposed. First objective focuses on traditional cost of inventory and distribution as well as age and price strategy, backorder cost and discount. Second objective function concerns in minimization of driver injury (social issue), calculated by considering the speed of vehicle in different existing paths between retailers. In fact, quicker path allows to decrease some costs but increase accident risk. It is noteworthy that other economic and social criteria can also add to proposed model. Finally, sensitivity analysis are performed to investigate the importance of each objective function as well as the effect of variation of inventory holding cost against profit and driver injury

Higher education discourse and deconstruction: challenging the case for transparency and objecthood / Neil Cocks

Chapitre 10International audienceThis chapter proposes a methodology based on game theory to explore the conditions under which different ordering strategies can be used in a supply chain. These conditions include the volatility of market demand and attitudes towards service levels (measured here as back-orders) and risks concerning total costs supported by the firms. The analysis is based on concepts from both industrial engineering and economics. In fact, the authors think that concepts from economics may greatly improve the understanding of supply chains by proposing new points of view. In particular, industrial engineering has mainly modeled inventory management as an optimization problem solved by isolated decision makers, while economics provides concepts such as Nash equilibrium, Pareto optimality and models of attitudes towards risk, in order to study the relationships between each individual decision and the overall performance of a supply chain

Measuring and Identifying Appropriate Levels of Flexibility: A Novel Approach and Use Case in the Automotive Industry

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