8 research outputs found

    Flue Gas Desulphurisation By Using Calcined Dolomite

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    Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2014Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2014Gün geçtikçe sanayileşen ülkemizde Kükürt dioksit emisyonları ciddi sorunlar teşkil etmeye başlamıştır. Artan nüfusa bağlı olarak artan enerji ihtiyacının karşılanması için kullanılan katı yakıtlar temel Kükürt dioksit emisyonunu arttırıcı kaynaklardır. Kükürt dioksit emisyonlarını azaltmak için tüm dünyada ciddi çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Özellikle katı yakıt tüketerek enerji üreten sistemler ve orta-küçük ölçekli sanayi kuruluşları için kükürt dioksitin doğaya direk verilmesini önleyici sistemler geliştirilmektedir. Dünya genelinde kükürt dioksit emisyon değerleri düşüş eğilimi göstermekle birlikte ülkemizde bu eğilim görülememektedir.Bu yüzden Kükürt dioksit emisyon değerlerini düşürmek amacıyla  çalışmalar yapılması gerekmektedir.  Kütahya Yaylababa dolomitinin ve Küre pirit konsantresinin minerolojik incelemeleri yapılmış tane boyutları belirlenmiş ve kimyasal analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda dolomitin SO2 tutma verimi belirlenmiştir.With each passing day, SO2 emissions has began to pose serious problems in our industrialized country. Nowadays, there are many different methods have been used for the removal of SO2.The SO2 gas is an important raw material for production of sulfuric acid. However, to commercially produce sulfuric acid from SO2 gas, the SO2 amount of flue gas is required to be above a given limit value. The gases, that are not suitable for commercial production of SO2 and their emission values are higher than the amount determined by related societies, are harmful to the environment and human health has to be filtered. In this study, calcinated Kütahya Yaylababa dolomite had used to remove SO2 in flue gas which has a high SO2 emission value, but gases can not be use for production of sulfuric acid means low SO2. Then ratings of holding SO2 are determined. Sphere Pyrite used as a source of SO2 then SO2 removal efficiency of dolomite were determined.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

    Hydrometallurgical nickel and cobalt productıon from lateritic ores: Optimization and comparison of atmospheric pressure leaching and pug-roast-leaching processes

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    Corresponding to the technological developments, production and consumption of nickel have increased greatly over time due to its unique mechanical and chemical properties. Therefore, the production of nickel will always keep its importance. The availability of laterite ores, which are oxide type ores, is 86% of the nickel reserves on the Earth, and the processes used in the production of nickel from sulphide type ores have negative environmental effects. Therefore, recovery of nickel from lateritic ores has become increasingly important in recent years. In this study, the aim was to determine the optimum parameters of nickel and cobalt production from limonite type lateritic nickel ores, which were taken from Manisa Caldag region of Turkey, using atmospheric pressure sulfuric acid leaching and pug-roast-leach process. When the results obtained in these processes were compared, it was found that the Ni leaching efficiency is nearly 8% higher and iron leaching efficiency (contamination) is nearly 4% lower in the pug-roastleach process. Furthermore, the pug-roast-leach process was completed in 33% lower time compared to the atmospheric pressure sulfuric acid leaching process

    Flue gas desulfurization by using calcined dolomite

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    SO2 emissions has begun to cause serious problems in industrialized countries. Today, various methods are used for removal of SO2 gas. SO2 gas is an important raw material for production of sulfuric acid. However, SO2 content of flue gas must be over 6% to produce sulfuric acid commercially. Flue gases, which don't have enough amount of SO2 to produce sulfuric acid commercially are harmful to the environment and human health and they must be filtered. In this study, calcined dolomite was used to remove SO2 in flue gas which doesn't have enough SO2 to produce sulfuric acid but have high emission values. Pyrite was used as SO2 source and SO2 removal efficiency of dolomite was determined for different experimental parameters. SO2 capturing system was thermodynamically modeled and SO2 capturing efficiency was determined as 77.81% in the experiments

    Corrosion behaviour of hydroxyapatite coatings on AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys by plasma spray

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    In the scope of this study, AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys are to be coated with hydroxyapatite by plasma spray to be used as biodegradable implant material and their in-vitro corrosion behaviors are to be examined. There are a number of researches on the production of biodegradable cortical screws and plates used in orthopedic surgery in last decade. The advantage of biodegradable implants is that they do not need to be surgically removed. Moreover, the elastic modulus and the mechanical properties of magnesium are relatively close to those of the human bone, and this prevents the phenomenon of the human bone named “stress shielding. During this study, the hydroxyapatite coating processes, characterizations and corrosion behaviors of AZ31 and AZ91 will be examined. The aim of this work is to determine the optimal coating conditions for magnesium alloys for biodegradable implants. As a result of the plasma spray coating, the corrosion rate has decreased from about 1.2 mm/year to 0.4 mm/year

    Combustion synthesis of B4C-TiB2 nanocomposite powder: Effect of Mg particle size on SHS and optimization of acid leaching process

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    In this study, composite nanoparticles of B4C-TiB2 were produced by combustion synthesis. Production was carried out by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) method in atmospheric conditions by using oxide raw materials (B2O3, TiO2), carbon black and magnesium as a reducing agent. The effect of Mg particle size on SHS efficiency was investigated. Single-stage and 2-stage leaching processes were carried out to remove undesired phases in the SHS product. In the 1st HCl acid leaching process, the leaching temperature and leaching duration were optimized. As a result of the 2nd leaching process with the addition of carbonic acid and H2O2, commercial quality nanoparticle synthesis was performed. Results revealed that the increase in Mg particle size decreased the SHS efficiency, however very fine particle sized Mg usage decreased the SHS efficiency due to the evaporation and scatter of Mg. The optimum Mg particle size was determined as 75-150 mu m. Since it has a significant effect on the removal of Mg-borate phases, 90 degrees C was determined as the optimum leaching temperature. The optimum leaching duration was determined to be 60 min. As a result of optimized leaching processes, 99.11% purity B4C-TiB2 nanoparticle with 193.5 nm particle size and 30.65 m(2)/g surface area was synthesized

    Combustion synthesis of B4C–TiB2 composite nanoparticle by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS) in B2O3–TiO2–Mg–C system

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    In this study, B4C-TiB2 nanocomposite powder was synthesized from oxide raw materials with the principle of magnesiothermic reduction in B2O3–TiO2–Mg–C system by SHS method. For the SHS process, Mg and C stoichiometries were optimized with thermochemical simulation, and composite charge stoichiometry and Mg particle size were optimized with XRD, BET and SEM analyzes. Optimization of acid concentration, leaching temperature, and leaching time parameters has been provided for the HCl leaching processes carried out to remove undesired by-products after SHS. In addition, pH and temperature changes during leaching were analyzed and an innovative application of modified leaching with H2O2 and carbonic acid addition was investigated. The results showed that by optimizing the process steps for the synthesis of B4C–TiB2 composite nanoparticle by the SHS method, a commercial grade product with a surface area of 30.6 m2/g, and a particle size of 193 nm was obtained

    Corrosion behavior of hydroxyapatite coated AZ31 and AZ91 Mg alloys by electrostatic spray coating

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    Magnesium and its alloys are excellent implant material candidates with their biodegradable structure and mechanical properties close to human bone. In order to provide the desired strength in implant applications, the corrosion resistance of the materials is expected to be high. In this study, to improve the corrosion resistance of AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys, an electrostatic hydroxyapatite coating process was applied, and optimum conditions were determined. The samples were structurally characterized by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and stereo microscopy methods, and their corrosion behavior was determined by the weight loss method. As a result of the coating, the corrosion resistance of the samples increased up to 250 %

    A comparative study about hydroxyapatite coated AZ31 and AZ91 Mg alloys

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    Magnesium alloys are potential candidates for hard tissue replacements due to their structural and mechanical properties close to bone. Unlike conventional metallic implants, the corrosion rate of magnesium is quite high. This will be an advantage if magnesium-based materials are used as biodegradable. In this study, Magnesium-based AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys were coated with hydroxyapatite by plasma spray and electrostatic spray methods and their corrosion rates were compared
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