The depth of the soil's horizons profile has an effect on the human health impact score

The chemical composition of soils reflects the degree of industrial exposure. Cu and Ni concentrations in soils of the «Severonickel » plant vicinity are higher than remote ones. In the impact area, the mean concentration of the heavy metals in the subsoils is 55 [ppm] for Ni and 33 [ppm] for Cu. Soils’ chemical composition varies over different mineral horizons. The subsoil layer is the main accumulator of chemical elements, including pollutants. Erosion of the surface layer and technogenic disturbance of the soil profile can lead to subsoil spreading and a significant increase in the human health Impact Score. At the same time, the default IS calculation is focused on the 0.1 [m] depth for all zones. In the paper two factors are considered in the impact modeling modification. The human health Impact Score is calculated specifically for each genetic soil layer with the respective depth of the profile (from 0.05 [m] to 0.2 [m]) and for soils from background and impact areas. The discrepancies between default and modified Impact Scores are observed. In the Impact area, the highest IShum for Ni is 60, for Cu is 5.6 [DALY]; in the Background area, it is 11 and 3.1 [DALY] respectively. The importance of using the regionally modified values in population health impact monitoring is highlighted.The statistical data processing is supported by State program RF « Science», project FSWW-35 0022–202

Оценка содержания урана в питьевой воде: исследование в Павлодарской области, Казахстан

This paper presents research results on uranium in drinking water in the territory of the Pavlodar region. Research data shows that uranium content in water is significantly higher than its maximum permissible concentration of 0.015 mg/dm3 as stated in the acts, which Russia and the USA has approved by the PEL of 32 [mu]g/l. Two out of five settlements where uranium concentration in water is at its peak suffer from anthropogenic impact. The results show that water in the northeastern part of the investigated area contains high uranium level due to geological and metallogenic peculiarities of the region

Specifications of a chemical composition of the digestive system of Sus scrofa domesticus under technological environmental impact

The relevance of the work is determined by the need to expand knowledge about the characteristics of the concentration and distribution of chemical elements in the organs and tissues of mammals, as indicators of the potential negative impact on the health of the population. The article discusses the influence of anthropogenic environmental impact on the formation of the elemental composition of a mammalian organism on the example of the domestic pig organs and tissues (Susscrofusdomesticus) sampled in the city of Ekibastuz, Pavlodar region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article studies the laws of concentration of chemical elements in the digestive system as a whole and its individual components. The accumulation of As, Br, in the oropharynx, Lu in the stomach, Rb, U in the small intestine, Sb in the large intestine, Au, Ag in the rectum is especially noted. It is proved that the digestive system of a domestic pig reacts to human impact, forming powerful biochemical barriers. The concentration of chemical elements varies depending on the part of the gastrointestinal tract, as the acid-base balance changes and depending on the physiological function of the organs studied. It has been proven that the nature of industrial exposure is reflected in the chemical composition of pigs\' homemade biological materials. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract actively accumulate heavy, rare-earth (Lu, Ce, La), radioactive metals (Th, U) and arsenic. The chemical affinity of a pig\'s body is domestic to human, and the analogy of the behavior of chemical elements in mammals as a whole suggests that the patterns can be attributed to humans, but this assumption requires further refinement

The critical parameters of the human health impact calculation

There are many LCA methods and models (e.g. CML 1992, Eco-Indicator 95, IMPACT 2002+, TRACI, USEtox, etc.), used to characterize environmental impacts. Only four LCIA methods include spatial dimension at different geographical levels: Impact World+, LC-IMPACT, EDIP 2003 and USEtox (Bratec et al., 2019). Among these, three (Impact World+, EDIP 2003 and USEtox) include a human health impact category: human toxicity. The USEtox model, recommended by the European Commission, has already proved its efficiency for the coupling of environmental and geochemical studies. The Characterization factors of the USEtox describe environmental fate (FF) of the chemicals, their non- and carcinogenic effect (EF), direct and the indirect exposure (XF). All these factors vary depends on the applicable area. However, despite all advantages of the model, its geographical customization is rather generic. This paper presents the utilization of the already published case study (Belyanovskaya et al., 2019: 2020) with the indirect human exposure factor modification. The investigation present the modified biotransfer factor of the metals (Cr, Zn, Sb, As, Ba) of the meat product calculated specifically for different location inside the area “Central Asia”. The paper extends already published results with local data of the city of Vladivostok (Russia)

A regional approach for the calculation of characteristic toxicity factorsusing the USEtox model

The lack of the spatial coverage as one of the main limitations of the Life-cycle impact assessment (LCIA) models leads to disagreement between their results. The USEtox model is only model that provides 8 continental and 17 subcontinental zones but does not consider the wind and water transfers affected areas around the source of pollution. Current investigation proposes the way to reduce this limitation by using the results of chemical analysis (instrumental neutron activation analysis “INAA”) of pork meat as a regional indicator of anthropogenic influence. The concentration coefficient of Cr by replacing the Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) is extrapolated into the calculation of Exposure factor (XF) to modify Characterization factor (CF). Impacted and clean areas of Tomsk district (Russia) placed around Northern industrial hub (Seversk city) are studied. Neither area is located directly in the industrial hub, but the impacted area is under an anthropogenic influence due to air and water transfer of pollution. Results of our investigation present the difference between results of own investigation and default values of USEtox. Probably the model can minimize the impact because of lack of experiment data in the database. The database can be extended more with other analytical results for wide range of metals and geographical locations

Оценка содержания урана в питьевой воде: исследование в Павлодарской области, Казахстан

This paper presents research results on uranium in drinking water in the territory of the Pavlodar region. Research data shows that uranium content in water is significantly higher than its maximum permissible concentration of 0.015 mg/dm3 as stated in the acts, which Russia and the USA has approved by the PEL of 32 [mu]g/l. Two out of five settlements where uranium concentration in water is at its peak suffer from anthropogenic impact. The results show that water in the northeastern part of the investigated area contains high uranium level due to geological and metallogenic peculiarities of the region

The influence of technogenesis on the accumulation of chemical elements in the placental barrier of Tomsk region

The paper discusses general patterns of chemical elements accumulation in the placental tissue of residents of different Tomsk agglomeration settlements (Tomsk, Asino, the settlement of Mirny, the village of Moryakovsky Zaton) as well as of Tomsk districts (Sovetsky, Leninsky, Oktyabrsky, Kirovsky) as an indicator that demonstrates a degree of human impact on the human health. The paper describes possible sources of chemical elements in the human body, depending on residence area. The chemical elements were determined to the maximum (the concentration coefficient exceeds 1,5) accumulated in the tissues of the residents of each settlement. For Tomsk they are Au, As, La, U, Br, for the village of Moryakovsky Zaton – La, As, Ca, Sc, for the village of Mirny – Hf, Sm, Ce, Au; in the city of Asino Eu reaches the maximum concentration coefficient that equals to 1,2. According to the study, the authors assumed that in the barrier system of the placenta, as in the protective mechanism of the body, chemical elements accumulate selectively, depending on their release from the env

The Innovation of the characterisation factor estimation for LCA in the USETOX model

Different Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methods in the impact assessment may lead to disparate results. Those disagreements in LCIA results are mainly linked to differences in the characterization model on a spatial scale. Most models only provide information about large geographical areas, ignoring ecological aspects of regions that can vary in accordance with geological conditions and the industrial influence level. The current investigation proposes an approach to reduce the spatial limitation of impact modeling. Based on the results of analytical investigations carried out by the research group, and taken from the literature, the characterization factor (CF) is recalculated. Among existing LCIA models, the USEtox is taken as the model recommended by the European Union for human health impacts assessment. In the USEtox model calculation, the general bioaccumulation factor is replaced by the regionalized concentration coefficient to obtain the indirect human exposure factor. The modified characterization factor for 5 USEtox geo zones is calculated

Composition élémentaire de mammifères dans les zones naturelles et anthropiques et et impacts potentiels avec la méthode USEtox

The geochemical heterogeneity of the biosphere, due to different natural and anthropogenic conditions, is changing significantly as a result of the development of man and society. Modern geo-ecological studies of different territories prove the fact of close connections of living organisms with the environment. However, little attention is paid to the complex approach, for example with the use of the model of impact assessment on living organisms. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, is allowed the magnitude and significance of the impact on the environment and the human organism to be monitored. The characteristic coefficient (CF) - is a tabular value, proposed by the model, depending on the region's location. In this thesis, however, it is proposed to modify this coefficient by introducing the results of biogeochemical analysis of territories with different ecological situations, in order to rank them more precisely. It is this modification, which determines the relevance of the study. The PhD thesis is purposed to assess the geo-ecological state of local areas of Russia and Kazakhstan with the use of indicators of the elemental compositions of organs and tissues of mammals, and a ranking of the toxicity of individual elements using the USEtox model. The modification method of the USEtox impact assessment model, using the results of the chemical analysis, can be used as a local supplement in the assessment of toxic effects on the population.L'hétérogénéité géochimique de la biosphère, due a des conditions naturelles et anthropiques différentes, est en train de changer de manière significative du fait du développement de l'homme et de la société. cependant, dans de nombreuses études, les données sur l'interaction des éléments chimiques dans ces cadres de différentes conditions écologiques locales sont absentes; peu d'attention est accordée a l'approche complexe, par exemple, l'utilisation du modèle d’évaluation des impacts sur les organismes vivants. la méthode de l'analyse du cycle de vie (acv) permet de mesurer l'ampleur et l'importance de l'impact sur l'environnement et l'organisme humain. le coefficient caractéristique (cf) - est une valeur tabulaire, proposée par le modèle, selon l'emplacement de la région. dans ce document, il est propose de modifier ce coefficient en introduisant les résultats de l'analyse biogéochimique de territoires présentant des situations écologiques différentes, afin de les classer plus précisément. cette modification détermine la pertinence de l’étude. l’objet de la recherche est déterminé par évaluation de l’état géo-écologique des zones locales de la Russie et du Kazakhstan avec l’aide des 'indicateurs de la composition élémentaire des organes et des tissus des mammifères et d'un classement de la toxicité des différents éléments a l'aide du modèle usetox. cette méthode permet d’élargir le modèle en utilisant des données locales sur la composition chimique du produit alimentaire - le porc -et ensuite peut être utilisée pour évaluer les risques sanitaires pour la population des territoires étudiés

Elemental composition of mammals in natural and anthropogenic areas and their ranking using the USEtox model

L'hétérogénéité géochimique de la biosphère, due a des conditions naturelles et anthropiques différentes, est en train de changer de manière significative du fait du développement de l'homme et de la société. cependant, dans de nombreuses études, les données sur l'interaction des éléments chimiques dans ces cadres de différentes conditions écologiques locales sont absentes; peu d'attention est accordée a l'approche complexe, par exemple, l'utilisation du modèle d’évaluation des impacts sur les organismes vivants. la méthode de l'analyse du cycle de vie (acv) permet de mesurer l'ampleur et l'importance de l'impact sur l'environnement et l'organisme humain. le coefficient caractéristique (cf) - est une valeur tabulaire, proposée par le modèle, selon l'emplacement de la région. dans ce document, il est propose de modifier ce coefficient en introduisant les résultats de l'analyse biogéochimique de territoires présentant des situations écologiques différentes, afin de les classer plus précisément. cette modification détermine la pertinence de l’étude. l’objet de la recherche est déterminé par évaluation de l’état géo-écologique des zones locales de la Russie et du Kazakhstan avec l’aide des 'indicateurs de la composition élémentaire des organes et des tissus des mammifères et d'un classement de la toxicité des différents éléments a l'aide du modèle usetox. cette méthode permet d’élargir le modèle en utilisant des données locales sur la composition chimique du produit alimentaire - le porc -et ensuite peut être utilisée pour évaluer les risques sanitaires pour la population des territoires étudiés.The geochemical heterogeneity of the biosphere, due to different natural and anthropogenic conditions, is changing significantly as a result of the development of man and society. Modern geo-ecological studies of different territories prove the fact of close connections of living organisms with the environment. However, little attention is paid to the complex approach, for example with the use of the model of impact assessment on living organisms. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, is allowed the magnitude and significance of the impact on the environment and the human organism to be monitored. The characteristic coefficient (CF) - is a tabular value, proposed by the model, depending on the region's location. In this thesis, however, it is proposed to modify this coefficient by introducing the results of biogeochemical analysis of territories with different ecological situations, in order to rank them more precisely. It is this modification, which determines the relevance of the study. The PhD thesis is purposed to assess the geo-ecological state of local areas of Russia and Kazakhstan with the use of indicators of the elemental compositions of organs and tissues of mammals, and a ranking of the toxicity of individual elements using the USEtox model. The modification method of the USEtox impact assessment model, using the results of the chemical analysis, can be used as a local supplement in the assessment of toxic effects on the population