Fuzzy logic as a decision-making support system for the indication of bariatric surgery based on an index (OBESINDEX) generated by the association between body fat and body mass index

Background: A Fuzzy Obesity Index (OBESINDEX) for use as an alternative in bariatric surgery indication (BSI) is presented. The search for a more accurate method to evaluate obesity and to indicate a better treatment is important in the world health context. BMI (body mass index) is considered the main criteria for obesity treatment and BSI. Nevertheless, the fat excess related to the percentage of Body Fat (%BF) is actually the principal harmful factor in obesity disease that is usually neglected. This paper presents a new fuzzy mechanism for evaluating obesity by associating BMI with %BF that yields a fuzzy obesity index for obesity evaluation and treatment and allows building up a Fuzzy Decision Support System (FDSS) for BSI.

Methods: Seventy-two patients were evaluated for both BMI and %BF. These data are modified and treated as fuzzy sets. Afterwards, the BMI and %BF classes are aggregated yielding a new index (OBESINDEX) for input linguistic variable are considered the BMI and %BF, and as output linguistic variable is employed the OBESINDEX, an obesity classification with entirely new classes of obesity in the fuzzy context as well is used for BSI.

Results: There is a gradual, smooth obesity classification and BSI when using the proposed fuzzy obesity index when compared with other traditional methods for dealing with obesity.

Conclusion: The BMI is not adequate for surgical indication in all the conditions and fuzzy logic becomes an alternative for decision making in bariatric surgery indication based on the OBESINDEX

A nonlinear vehicle-structure interaction methodology with wheel-rail detachment and reattachment

. A vehicle-structure interaction methodology with a nonlinear contact formulation based on contact and target elements has been developed. To solve the dynamic equations of motion, an incremental formulation has been used due to the nonlinear nature of the contact mechanics, while a procedure based on the Lagrange multiplier method imposes the contact constraint equations when contact occurs. The system of nonlinear equations is solved by an efficient block factorization solver that reorders the system matrix and isolates the nonlinear terms that belong to the contact elements or to other nonlinear elements that may be incorporated in the model. Such procedure avoids multiple unnecessary factorizations of the linear terms during each Newton iteration, making the formulation efficient and computationally attractive. A numerical example has been carried out to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the present methodology. The obtained results have shown a good agreement with the results obtained with the commercial finite element software ANSY

Family farming in the agricultural census of 2006: the legal mark and the options for their identification.

(Agricultura familiar no censo agropecuário 2006: o marco legal e as opções para sua identificação). Visando delimitar a agricultura familiar no Censo Agropecuário 2006, o Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário (MDA) e o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) elaboraram metodologia para construção de uma variável identificando os estabelecimentos agropecuários recenseados e que se ajustam ao conceito previsto na Lei n.11.326, de 24 de julho de 2006. O texto apresenta os passos metodológicos utilizados e alguns resultados

A sustentabilidade e o consumo consciente sob a perspectiva da moda

O presente artigo versa sobre a importante relação entre a moda e a sua indústria, e o consumo de seus produtos pela sociedade nos dias atuais. Para tanto, é abordado uma breve descrição das relações entre a moda e a indústria têxtil, assim como a forma como a sustentabilidade está sendo tratada na fabricação de vestuário e acessórios. Em um segundo momento, é analisado de que forma a sociedade contemporânea consome, e a maneira como a moda se relaciona com os valores predominantes de consumo. Por fim, são traçadas algumas projeções para o futuro, com o intuito de se apontar novos valores e mudanças para uma sociedade que consuma conscientemente e de forma sustentável.ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the important relationship between fashion and your industry, and the consumption of your products by society today. Therefore, it is discussed a short descripon of relaons between the fashion and texle industry, as well as the way in which sustainability is being treated in the manufacture of clothing and accessories. In a second step, it is analyzed how the contemporary society consumes, and how fashion relates to the predominant values of consumption. Lastly, we present some projections for the future, in order to show new values and changes to a society that consume consciously and sustainably.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio