The Effectiveness of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on the Management of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Parkinson's Patients

Abstract Background: Despite the negative effects of depression in Parkinson's disease, there is currently no evidencebased standard of care. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy in depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with Parkinson's Tehran city. Methods: This quasi experimental research with experimental and control groups at pretest, posttest, and follow-up. The study population included patients 60 to 75 years with Parkinson's disease centers and psychiatric services Tehran city, based on a random sample of 80 individuals with high scores on the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck depression scale were randomly divided into two 40 groups: experimental and control groups were divided. The interventions (Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) in the experimental group were 8 weeks and once a week, the control group did not receive any training. In order to test the hypotheses, methods of analysis of variance with repeated measures was used. Results: The results showed that the independent variable is effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. Group cognitive behavioral therapy stress reduction resulted in decreased expression of depression and anxiety (p<0.05) in patients with Parkinson's Tehran city. Conclusion: Using effective psychological interventions such as Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy can enhance mood, reduce anxiety and Depression and adhere more to treatment recommendations and thus they can help prevent the complications of Parkinson's and take an effective step in order to increase the level of physical and mental health of these patients.</p

Comparing the Effectiveness of Hypnosis and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on the Management of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in youngsters, teenagers, and grown-ups. It can happen alone or in comorbidity with different disarranges. A wide scope of psychotherapies, for example, hypnosis and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been produced for PTSD treatment. Objectives: In this study, we compare the effectiveness of hypnosis and cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder. Methods: This research is done in the form of an experimental method. The research design is pre-test - post-test with a control group. The target population in this study consisted of 370 war veterans. The sample of the study consisted of 191 people who were randomly selected and answered the PTSD Checklist (PCL). Of the 86 respondents who achieved the highest score from the PCL questionnaire, 60 were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and one control group. One of the experimental groups; received 8 sessions of the CBT treatment and, the other group received 8 sessions Hypnosisand and the control group continued their usual treatment. After the treatment sessions, post-test was taken from all participants. Data were analyzed by using ANCOVA in SPSS version 21. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the Hypnosis and CBT groups (P <0.01). There was also a significant difference between the control and the CBT groups as well as hypnosis (P <0.01). Conclusions The aftereffects of the current examination indicated that hypnosis and cognitive behavioral therapy are successful in decreasing post-traumatic stress disorder. We additionally found that hypnosis is more effective than CBT.</p