Mutation distribution graphs for the polymerase region.

<p>Sequence alignments were submitted to Mutation Reporter Tool (<a href="http://hvdr.bioinf.wits.ac.za/mrt/" target="_blank">http://hvdr.bioinf.wits.ac.za/mrt/</a>) to produce graphs for genotype A. None mutation found in nine sequences from genotype E. Letters preceding each locus on the X-axis show the reference motifs. To facilitate comparison, conserved loci were not suppressed.</p

Results of HCV G4 ELISA, qualitative in-house HCV RNA RT-PCR, INNO-LIA and HCV core Ag in 762 HIV-co-infected patients from Franceville, Gabon (2010–2013).

<p>Concentrations of HCV core Ag are expressed in log₁₀ IU/l. Abbreviations: nt, not done.</p

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the signal-to-cutoff (S/CO) ratio of the Monolisa HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA ELISA assay (Bio-Rad) for the prediction of active (positive HCV RNA) hepatitis C infections.

<p>The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.90.</p

Phylogenetic analysis of a 765 bp HBV-S gene region from different HBV isolates, with Woolly Monkey strain (AY226578) as the root.

<p>The phylogenetic tree was inferred by the Bayesian method in the GTR model, with gamma-distributed rates at sites, 8 million generations and effective sample sizes greater than 1200. BPP (Branching Posterior Probability) are shown along the main nodes. HBV sequences obtained during this study are represented in red.</p

Patient characteristics; entries are n (%) unless otherwise stated.

<p>^†P-values were calculated for S/CO ratio ≥ 1.</p><p>^‡P-values were calculated for S/CO ratio ≥ 1.7.</p><p>Abbreviations: S/CO, signal-to-cutoff; IQR, interquartile range; ART, antiretroviral treatment; ZDV, zidovudine; D4T, stavudine; 3TC, lamivudine; EFV, efavirenz; NVP, nevirapine.</p><p>Patient characteristics; entries are n (%) unless otherwise stated.</p

Recombinant immunoblot analysis (the INNO-LIA HCV score assay from Innogenetics) of sera from nine Gabonese HCV/HIV co-infected patients who tested positive for HCV RNA.

<p>Lane 1, HCV-positive control; lane 2, HCV-negative control; lanes 3 to 6, sera from four Gabonese HCV/HIV-1-co-infected patients with a faint (+/- or 1+) or strong (3+) isolated NS3 band (indeterminate profile); lane 7, serum from one Gabonese HCV/HIV-1-co-infected patient exhibiting C1 (1+) and C2 (1+) bands but no reactivity to E2, NS3, NS4 and NS5 (weakly positive profile); lane 8, serum from one Gabonese HCV/HIV-1-co-infected patient exhibiting C1 (3+), C2 (+/-) and NS3 (2+) bands but no reactivity to E2, NS4 and NS5 (positive profile); lane 9, serum from one Gabonese HCV/HIV-1-co-infected patients exhibiting strong (4+) reactivity to NS3 and NS4, weak (1+) reactivity to C1 but no reactivity to C2, E2 and NS5; lane 10, serum from one Gabonese HCV/HIV-1-co-infected patients exhibiting strong (3+ or 4+) reactivity to C1, C2, NS3, and NS4 but no reactivity to E2 and NS5; lane 11, serum from one Gabonese HCV/HIV-1-co-infected patient with a complete profile.</p

HBV patterns defined by serological results and serum HBV DNA levels.

<p>Infectious patterns are indicated in red boxes. Non-infectious patterns are indicated in green boxes. Overall prevalence rates are n (%) unless otherwise stated. Abbreviations: (+), positive; (-), negative; Und., undetectable; R, reactive; RR, repeatedly reactive; CHB, chronic hepatitis B; OBI, hepatitis B occult.</p

Comparison of anti-HBs antibodies levels in patients positive for both anti-HBc and anti-HBs Ab (profile 5a) and those with only anti-HBs Ab (profile 5b).

<p>Comparison of anti-HBs antibodies levels in patients positive for both anti-HBc and anti-HBs Ab (profile 5a) and those with only anti-HBs Ab (profile 5b).</p

Suggested diagnostic strategy for HBV screening in resource-limited settings.

<p>Suggested diagnostic strategy for HBV screening in resource-limited settings.</p

Prevalence rates of patients with detectable HBV DNA results, patients with overt (presence of circulating HBsAg) HBV infection (acute or chronic), and patients with OBI.

<p>Prevalence rates of patients with detectable HBV DNA results, patients with overt (presence of circulating HBsAg) HBV infection (acute or chronic), and patients with OBI.</p