Bioactive Dimeric Carbazole Alkaloids from <i>Murraya koenigii</i>

Phytochemical studies on the CHCl₃ extract of the fruit pulp of <i>Murraya koenigii</i> afforded three new dimeric carbazole alkaloids, bisgerayafolines A–C (<b>1</b>–<b>3</b>). Bisgerayafolines A–C (<b>1</b>–<b>3</b>) are structurally unique dimeric carbazole alkaloids comprising geranyl moieties incorporated in their structures. Compounds <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> exhibited various levels of antioxidant, anti-α-glucosidase, DNA binding, and cytotoxic activities and protein interactions

Object-oriented synthetic approach toward angular and linear fused pyrazoloquinolines of biological importance with InCl₃ catalyst

<p>A simple and short approach for the synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline (<b>3a</b>–<b>3p</b>) and pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline (<b>6a</b>–<b>6 h</b>) using various Lewis acid catalysts was developed. InCl₃ was found to be more effective in providing greater yield of products compared to Yb(OTf)₃, Sc(OTf)₃, SnCl₄, AlCl₃, TiCl₄, ZnCl₂, FeCl₃, and BF₃ · Et₂O. Moreover, a comparison of conventional and microwave methods has revealed that the latter method is more efficient compared to former one. Structures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared, mass spectrometry, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, X-ray crystallography, and elemental analyses. All of the synthesized compounds were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compounds <b>3a, 3p, 3i, 3 h, 3k, 3o,</b> and <b>3 g</b> exhibited anti α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 57.5, 60.3, 65.9, 71.9, 80.8, 123.7, and 126.4 µM, respectively, which is quite comparable to the standard drug acarbose (IC₅₀ = 115.8 µM).</p