ANALISIS ENERGI BOILER PIPA AIR MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKAR SOLAR

Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menenetukan efisiensi termal boiler furnace dan menentukan spesific fuel consumed bahan bakar. Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui heat loss pada ukan proses pembakaran ada unit boiler furnace. Bahan bakar yang digunakan yaitu solar dengan massa bahan akar yang berbeda – beda. Hasil yang diperoleh dari perhitungan maka didapat heat loss radiasi pada boiler furnace sebesar 13%, heat loss konveksi 7,18%, dari teori yang Seharusnya heat loss ini harusnya tidak lebih dari 1 % . Heat loss yang terjadi di unit prototype steam power plant ini masih terbilang besar jika ditinjau dari PLTGU PLN Sektor Keramasan dengan heat loss secara radias, dan konveksi. Heat loss ini dapat ditanggulangi dengan beberapa cara salah satunya yaitu dengan teknik isolator baik menggunakan semen atau pun asbes sesuai dengan nilai konduktifitas yang dibutuhakan dan dapat ditentukan dari hasil perhitungan desain.Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menenetukan efisiensi termal boiler furnace dan menentukan spesific fuel consumed bahan bakar. Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui heat loss pada ukan proses pembakaran ada unit boiler furnace. Bahan bakar yang digunakan yaitu solar dengan massa bahan akar yang berbeda – beda. Hasil yang diperoleh dari perhitungan maka didapat heat loss radiasi pada boiler furnace sebesar 13%, heat loss konveksi 7,18%, dari teori yang Seharusnya heat loss ini harusnya tidak lebih dari 1 % . Heat loss yang terjadi di unit prototype steam power plant ini masih terbilang besar jika ditinjau dari PLTGU PLN Sektor Keramasan dengan heat loss secara radias, dan konveksi. Heat loss ini dapat ditanggulangi dengan beberapa cara salah satunya yaitu dengan teknik isolator baik menggunakan semen atau pun asbes sesuai dengan nilai konduktifitas yang dibutuhakan dan dapat ditentukan dari hasil perhitungan desain

REKAYASA PERALATAN UPGRADING BATUBARA PERINGKAT RENDAH DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN NILAI KALOR MENGGUNAKAN OLI SEBAGAI STABILISATOR

Indonesia has 34.320 million tons of low rank coal in 2015. Low rank coal has total moisture content (surface moisture and inherent moisture) which is about 40%. Upgraded Brown Coal (UBC) is a method of removing moisture content in heated light oil. In this study, the proportion of coal and kerosene being 1:1 with a proportioon of lubricant is 0.5% by weight of the coal. This study aims to determine the most optimal coal particle size and operating condition in the UBC process. The coal before upgrading process is known contain 32.56% of inherent moisture and has calorific value as much as 5,240 cal/gr. After upgrading process there is a significant increase of calorific value on coal 200 mesh which is 8,073.11 cal/gr, and reduction of inherent moisture become 2.16%. The most optimal increasing of calorific value occurs in coal 200 mesh, but this product has a sticky (wet) physical properties because it takes a long time in the drying process

PENGARUH WAKTU DAN KECEPATAN ALIRAN UDARA TERHADAP KADAR AIR PADA PROSES PENGASAPAN IKAN DENGAN SISTEM SIRKULASI ASAP BEBAS TAR

Coconut shell is one of the biomass that is often thrown away in traditional markets. Though coconut shell can be used as raw material to be processed into charcoal. The content of phenol in the coconut shell plays a role to preserve food naturally. One of the foods that can be preserved with the smoke produced from the coconut shell is smoked fish. But the processing is still traditionally. So therefore, the purpose of this research is to obtain a set of smokers with an environmentally friendly smoke circulation system and reduce the tar content generated from smoke to improve the quality and quantity of the product. This research uses lais fish as raw material and coconut shell as fumigation fuel. The curing temperature is maintained between 80–100 oC for 7-9 hours. Measured data include temperature, time, humidity of the fuming chamber, airflow velocity, fish weight, initial and final fuel weight, and moisture content of the starting and ending fumes. The results of the analysis of this research indicate that temperature, curing time, and airflow rate are the main factors that greatly affect the final mass of fish and the percentage of moisture content during fumigation. Where the average water content lost is 40.1% at 7 hours, 40.7% at 8 hours, and 41.3% at 9 hours.Coconut shell is one of the biomass that is often thrown away in traditional markets. Though coconut shell can be used as raw material to be processed into charcoal. The content of phenol in the coconut shell plays a role to preserve food naturally. One of the foods that can be preserved with the smoke produced from the coconut shell is smoked fish. But the processing is still traditionally. So therefore, the purpose of this research is to obtain a set of smokers with an environmentally friendly smoke circulation system and reduce the tar content generated from smoke to improve the quality and quantity of the product. This research uses lais fish as raw material and coconut shell as fumigation fuel. The curing temperature is maintained between 80–100 oC for 7-9 hours. Measured data include temperature, time, humidity of the fuming chamber, airflow velocity, fish weight, initial and final fuel weight, and moisture content of the starting and ending fumes. The results of the analysis of this research indicate that temperature, curing time, and airflow rate are the main factors that greatly affect the final mass of fish and the percentage of moisture content during fumigation. Where the average water content lost is 40.1% at 7 hours, 40.7% at 8 hours, and 41.3% at 9 hour

PERVAPORATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ABSOLUTE ETHANOL PRODUCTION (ETHANOL FUEL GRADE)

Membrane pervaporation of ethanol vapor is a purification process based on grade with a purity level is high enough, so that the resulting product is called fuel grade ethanol. Fuel grade the process of increasing ethanol used as a fuel alternative. In this study the ethanol content is done by pervaporation technology method that utilizes a cellulose nitrate membrane separation media. Studies have been conducted on the effect of pressure on the value of the permeate flux and membrane selectivity in pervaporation process. Results showed that operating conditions at a temperature of 100 - 140oC, linear flow rate of 2.5 m3/ h, the variation of permeate side pressure of 500 mbar, 550 mbar, 600 mbar, 650 mbar and 700 mbar produces flux and selectivity values are declining. Optimum conditions reached at permeate side pressure is 700 mbar with the flux values 3.4673 x 10-5 Kg/m2.h and selectivity 0.1257. In these conditions the produce fuel grade ethanol yield reached 99.48%. Ethanol is converted into fuel feed grade reaches ± 99%, with a total volume of 193 ml of the feed volume 200 ml

EFFECT OF CRYSTALIZATION TEMPERATURE AND COOLING TIME IN SEPARATION PROCESS OF STEARIN FROM CASTOR OIL USING DRY FRACTINATION METHODE

Stearin is a fat which is solid in room temperature and commonly used  in making candles and soap.  Stearin is usually separated using one of these three methodes ; wet method (lipofractination), dry method and fractionating with solvent.  Among these methods, the dry method is commonly used to separate stearin from crude palm oil, because this process is simple and no chemical is used and produced.  The dry fractionation method was been applied to castor oil, to separate the stearin from its olein. First,  the oil was heated at 700C and then cooled down to 450C in stirring, the cooling process hence separated stearin from the oil.  After that, The crystallization was carried in temperature that was varied from 100C to 200C in range 50C. The processes were varied from 2 hours, 5 hours and 8 hours. The best result obtained at temperature 100C for 8 hours which yielded 34.8% rendemen with 0.255 % water content, having density of 0.8925g/ml and free fatty acid content of 11.177 %.  The Iodine value was 55.518.  These data were closed to the stearin data of stearin from crude palm oil

PROTOTYPE STEAM POWER PLANT (ANALISIS HEAT LOSS PADA UNIT BOILER FURNACE DAN SUPERHEATER)

The purpose of this experiment is to find a formula prototype steam power plant to find a solution to the crisis of electricity in rural areas. Has conducted a study to determine heat loss at for incineration in furnaces and boiler super heater unit. The fuel used is diesel and LPG fuel with a mass of different - different. The results obtained from the calculation of the importance of the loss of heat radiation in the boiler furnace of 5.6%, 2.66% convection heat loss and heat conduction loss amounted to 5.73%, on the theory that it should heat loss should not be more than 1%. Heat loss occurring in the steam power plant prototype unit is still quite large when viewed from PLTGU PLN Keramasan sector with a heat loss in radiasi, conduction and convection. Heat loss can be mitigated in several ways one of them is a good insulator technique using cement or asbestos in accordance with the value of conductivity that need and can be determined from the results of the design calculations

PROTOTYPE PENGERING BAHAN BAKU DAN PRODUK BIOPELET DITINJAU DARI ENERGI H2O YANG TERUAPKAN KE UDARA

Energy consumption in Indonesia is still dominated by the use of fossil-based energy, especially petroleum and coal. Therefore, biomass as a renewable energy source is an effort to reduce the use of fossil energy in Indonesia. Biopellet is one of the processing of biomass into solid fuel. In the process stage of making biopellet used dryer. In the prototype of drying machine, the independent variables are variation of raw material mix and fixed variable such as air velocity, drying time, and drying temperature. Based on the results of the research, the H2O concentration was evaporated and the H2O heat in the air was highest in the 60% mixture of wood powder: 40% rice husk. From mass of H2O evaporated equal to 14.84 gr and H2O heat in air equal to 136.506 grcal analyzed moisture content and calorific value of biopelet product. Water content obtained at 6.716% and the calorific value of 5,188.8506 grcal/gr has met the SNI 8021-2014 standard

PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR (POC) UNTUK AGROWISATA TEKNO 44, KOREM 044/GAPO DESA GELEBAK DALAM KECAMATAN RAMBUTAN KABUPATEN BANYUASIN

Research roadmap for collaboration with 044 Tekno Agrotourism partners by utilizing organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer (POC). Sriwijaya State Polytechnic through the Research Master Plan (RIP), one of which is focused on technology and utilization of organic waste. Reducing the use of chemicals is an important step where this research is the answer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers to fertilize the soil but cause the death of microorganisms. The production of POC is carried out by researchers by utilizing egg shells and onion skins as raw materials to be fermented. This study used a starter with raw materials of coconut water, sugar or molasses and starter seeds for 3 weeks. Utilization of microorganisms to decompose where microbes secrete enzymes as catalysts is more efficient at temperatures of 30-40 oC. The long-term goal is the development of this production into land in Agro-tourism Tekno 044 to become fertile and business for development to add economic value to the community. Optimizing the production of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) by utilizing raw materials from natural waste will add economic value. This POC will add to the agricultural industry by utilizing waste to return in the green industry.The development of the results of this research will certainly have an influence on the partners of Agro-tourism Tekno 044/ Korem 044 Gapo who support research innovation so that research will run smoothl

PEMANFAATAN ENCENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) DAN SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI MEDIA TANAM TERFERMENTASI ATAU HUMUS

The collaboration with 044 Tekno Agro-tourism partners by utilizing organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). Sriwijaya State Polytechnic through the Research Master Plan (RMP), one of which is focused on technology and utilization of organic waste. Reducing the use of chemicals is an important step where this research is the answer to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers to fertilize the soil but cause the death of microorganisms.The production of POC is carried out by researchers by utilizing egg shells and onion skins as raw materials to be fermented. This study used a starter with raw materials of coconut water, sugar or molasses and starter seeds for 3 weeks. Utilization of microorganisms to decompose where microbes secrete enzymes as catalysts is more efficient at temperatures of 30-40 oC. The long-term goal is the development of this production into land in Agro-tourism Tekno 044 to become fertile and business for development to add economic value to the community. Optimizing the production of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) by utilizing raw materials from natural waste will add economic value. This POC will add to the agricultural industry by utilizing waste to return in the green industry.The development of the results of this research will certainly have an influence on Agro-tourism partners Tekno 044/ Korem 044 Gapo who support research innovation so that research will run smoothl

PENGARUH DAYA MICROWAVE TERHADAP RENDEMEN MINYAK KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmannii) DENGAN METODE MICROWAVE HYDRODISTILLATION

Cinnamon oil is usually obtained by conventional methods and takes a long time. One of the newer methods that can be used is microwave hydrodistillation. The advantage of microwaves is their ability to provide energy directly to all ingredients, which saves time compared to conventional methods. This study aims to study the effect of time and microwave power on the yield of essential oils obtained. The solvent used was aquadest, the variables tested in the study were the raw material for leaves and cinnamon bark weighing 150 grams and 100 grams, respectively. The microwave power used is 180, 360, 450 Watt. The operating conditions in this method are at atmospheric pressure. When using 180W power, the yield of leaf oil and cinnamon bark is 0.65% and 0.51%, at 360W power is 0.96% and 0.75%, and 450W power is 0.88% and 0.89%. %. The value of specific energy consumption (SEC) at 180W microwave power is 1.78 kWh / gr and 3.40 kWh / gr, at 360W power is 1.50 kWh / gr and 2.91 kWh / gr and 450W power is 1.80 kWh / gr and 2.72 kWh / gr