Median Regression Analysis of Gender-wise Income Gap in Punjab, Pakistan

This paper primarily examines the impact of gender on the monthly income of the working class in Punjab, Pakistan. The relevant data have been obtained from Pakistan Labour Force Survey (2008-9). A special case of quantile regression i.e. the median regression is used for the desired investigation. In addition to gender, the other covariates are marital status, area of residence, level of education, job type and status etc. As in many other regions and countries, the male workers in Punjab tend to have higher average income and the income tend to increase with increase in level of education. The workers with permanent jobs earn more as compared to temporary job holders

Median Regression Analysis of Gender-wise Income Gap in Punjab, Pakistan

This paper primarily examines the impact of gender on the monthly income of the working class in Punjab, Pakistan. The relevant data have been obtained from Pakistan Labour Force Survey (2008-9). A special case of quantile regression i.e. the median regression is used for the desired investigation. In addition to gender, the other covariates are marital status, area of residence, level of education, job type and status etc. As in many other regions and countries, the male workers in Punjab tend to have higher average income and the income tend to increase with increase in level of education. The workers with permanent jobs earn more as compared to temporary job holders

“Compete OR Leapfrog: Creating Blue Ocean through Entrepreneurial Orientation”

Abstract: The study analyzes the role of entrepreneurial orientation with mediating effect of knowledge creation process to creating Blue Ocean in corporate sector in Pakistan. Objectives/Value There is an increasing competition among companies due to globalization and technological advancements. Thus, it requires a study to measure the multifaceted influence of entrepreneurial orientation on knowledge creation process and Blue Ocean besides the actual paradigm of this terminology. Prior Work This concept has been well discussed in this research arena since its inception in 2005. Numerous such initiatives have already been taken, however this concept invites a lot more addition, related companies are still in pursuit to materialize the research concepts. Approach We highlight the contingencies in the shift from a red ocean to Blue Ocean. The study uses exploratory approach; primary data is collected from 391 professionals working in different sectors of Pakistan. The study uses structural equation model (SEM) technique to test the hypotheses. Results The study found a positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and Blue Ocean, entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge creation process, and Blue Ocean. Implications The study throws light on the importance of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge creation process to head on this fast-paced competition.&nbsp

Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammatory diseases : findings from the global burden of disease study 2019

DATA SHARING STATEMENT : Data used for the analyses are publicly available from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (http://www.healthdata.org/; http:// ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool).BACKGROUND : The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. METHODS : We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, between 1990 and 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in number of incidents and age standardized incidence rate (ASR) on IMIDs, by sex, age, region, and causes, were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. FINDINGS : In 2019, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease accounted 1.59%, 36.17%, 54.71%, 0.09%, 6.84%, 0.60% of overall new IMIDs cases, respectively. The ASR of IMIDs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest in High SDI region, High-income North America, and United States of America. Throughout human lifespan, the age distribution of incident cases from six IMIDs was quite different. Globally, incident cases of IMIDs increased with an AAPC of 0.68 and the ASR decreased with an AAPC of −0.34 from 1990 to 2019. The incident cases increased across six IMIDs, the ASR of rheumatoid arthritis increased (0.21, 95% CI 0.18, 0.25), while the ASR of asthma (AAPC = −0.41), inflammatory bowel disease (AAPC = −0.72), multiple sclerosis (AAPC = −0.26), psoriasis (AAPC = −0.77), and atopic dermatitis (AAPC = −0.15) decreased. The ASR of overall and six individual IMID increased with SDI at regional and global level. Countries with higher ASR in 1990 experienced a more rapid decrease in ASR. INTERPRETATION : The incidence patterns of IMIDs varied considerably across the world. Innovative prevention and integrative management strategy are urgently needed to mitigate the increasing ASR of rheumatoid arthritis and upsurging new cases of other five IMIDs, respectively.The Global Burden of Disease Study is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Support from Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital; Shaqra University; the School of Pharmacy, University of Botswana; the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR); an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Investigator Fellowship; the Italian Center of Precision Medicine and Chronic Inflammation in Milan; the Department of Environmental Health Engineering of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia; Jazan University, Saudi Arabia; the Clinician Scientist Program of the Clinician Scientist Academy (UMEA) of the University Hospital Essen; AIMST University, Malaysia; the Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; a Kornhauser Research Fellowship at The University of Sydney; the National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungary; Taipei Medical University; CREATE Hope Scientific Fellowship from Lung Foundation Australia; the National Institute for Health and Care Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre and an NIHR Clinical Lectureship in Respiratory Medicine; Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore and Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal; Author Gate Publications; the Cleveland Clinic Foundation and Nassau University Medical center; the Italian Ministry of Health (RRC); King Abdulaziz University (DSR), Jeddah, and King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology (KACSAT), Saudi Arabia, Science & Technology Development Fund (STDF), and US-Egypt Science & Technology joint Fund: The Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Egypt; partially supported by the Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning; the International Center of Medical Sciences Research (ICMSR), Islamabad Pakistan; Ain Shams University and the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program; the Belgian American Educational Foundation; Health Data Research UK; the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Institute of Health Carlos III, CIBERSAM, and INCLIVA; the Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Shaqra University; Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences and SRM Institute of Science and Technology; University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan; the Chinese University of Hong Kong Research Committee Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme; the institutional support of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt; the European (EU) and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, the EU Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, UK-National Institute for Health and Care Research, the Mahathir Science Award Foundation and EU-EDCTP.http://www.thelancet.comam2024School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH)SDG-03:Good heatlh and well-bein

Evaluation of Methods and Tools for Interactively Visualizing and Exploring Traffic Data

Arbeit an der Bibliothek noch nicht eingelangt - Daten nicht geprüftAbweichender Titel nach Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersIncreased traffic is becoming a growing problem in today’s cities and to enable efficient traffic management, decision makers need to be supported with valuable information. This requires functional visualizations that are capable of interactively exploring large amount of spatio-temporal traffic data and support identification of traffic congestion. The thesis evaluates methods and tools to visualize line based traffic data over the road network. The evaluated visualization concepts have been implemented in a web GIS traffic visualization prototype, developed using the visualization framework deck.gl. The dashboard based prototype incorporates a traffic attribute to measure traffic congestion (Travel Time Index), different visualization styles combining two visual variables and the ability for dynamic data exploration through data filtering, multiple temporal and spatial aggregates. These features are integrated in an interactively linked user interface allowing an overview of the data, as well as multidimensional traffic data exploration, to help in visual analytics tasks of domain experts. The developed prototype’s ability to spatially and temporally explore traffic congestion is demonstrated in the thesis. Additionally, the multiple interactive features are also evaluated through a user evaluation study with traffic experts and GIS professionals. The user study yielded positive results, which has increased confidence in the developed prototype and it’s capability to investigate traffic congestion. The combined use of two visual variables (color and width) for road based traffic visualization was specifically appreciated by the users. The developed prototype is presented as an example of a powerful and functionally capable traffic data visualization, which can be applicable to other cities as well.10

Process Modeling, Optimization and Cost Analysis of a Sulfur Recovery Unit by Applying Pinch Analysis on the Claus Process in a Gas Processing Plant

The Claus process is one of the promising technologies for acid gas processing and sulfur recovery. Hydrogen sulfide primarily exists as a byproduct in the gas processing unit. It must be removed from natural gas. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) notices that increasing SO2 and CO2 in the air harms the environment. Sulfur generally has an elemental content of 0.1–6 wt % in crude oil, but the value could be higher than 14% for some crude oils and asphalts. It produces SO2 and CO2 gases, which damage the environment and atmosphere of the earth, called primary pollutants. When SO2 gas is reacted with water in the atmosphere, it causes sulphur and nitric acid, called a secondary pollutant. The world countries started desulphurization in 1962 to reduce the amount of sulfur in petroleum products. In this research, the Claus process was modeled in Aspen Plus software (AspenTech, Bedford, MA, USA) and industrial data validated it. The Peng–Robinson method is used for the simulation of hydrocarbon components. The influence of oxygen gas concentration, furnace temperature, the temperature of the first catalytic reactor, and temperature of the second catalytic reactor on the Claus process were studied. The first objective of the research is process modeling and simulation of a chemical process. The second objective is optimizing the process. The optimization tool in the Aspen Plus is used to obtain the best operating parameters. The optimization results show that sulfur recovery increased to 18%. Parametric analysis is studied regarding operating parameters and design parameters for increased production of sulfur. Due to pinch analysis on the Claus process, the operating cost of the heat exchangers is reduced to 40%. The third objective is the cost analysis of the process. Before optimization, it is shown that the production of sulfur recovery increased. In addition, the recovery of sulfur from hydrogen sulfide gas also increased. After optimizing the process, it is shown that the cost of heating and cooling utilities is reduced. In addition, the size of equipment is reduced. The optimization causes 2.5% of the profit on cost analysis

Detecting Monkeypox in humans using deep learning

The monkeypox virus is an orthopox virus that causes a contagious illness of the same name. The most visible symptom, along with fever, headache, and muscular pains, is a broad rash that develops into fluid-filled blisters. In the event of a monkeypox outbreak, swift response and efficient public health management depend on an early and accurate diagnosis. In this study, the feasibility of using deep keep learning techniques to diagnose monkeypox in humans is investigated. Long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are used to analyse time-series recordings of symptoms or patient data, whereas convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are used to process medical images of skin lesions. These models need to be trained on a large and reliable data set so that they can identify patterns and attributes that are specific to monkeypox

Analysis of b→cτνˉτb\rightarrow c\tau\bar{\nu}_\tau anomalies using weak effective Hamiltonian with complex couplings

Recently, the experimental measurements of the branching ratios and different polarization asymmetries for the processes occurring through flavor-changing-charged current $b\rightarrow c\tau\overline{\nu}_{\tau}$ transitions by BABAR, Belle, and LHCb show some sparkling differences with the corresponding SM predictions. Assuming the left handed neutrinos, we add the dimension-six vector, (pseudo-)scalar, and tensor operators with complex WCs to the SM WEH. Together with 60%, 30% and 10% constraints coming from the branching ratio of $B_{c}\to\tau\bar{\nu}_{\tau}$, we analyze the parametric space of these new physics WCs accommodating the current anomalies in the purview of the most recent HFLAV data of $R_{\tau/{\mu,e}}\left(D\right)$, $R_{\tau/{\mu,e}}\left(D^*\right)$ and Belle data of $F_{L}\left(D^*\right)$ and $P_{\tau}\left(D^*\right)$. Furthermore, we derive the sum rules which correlate these observables with $R_{\tau/{\mu,e}}\left(D\right)$ and $R_{\tau/{\mu,e}}\left(D^*\right)$. Using the best-fit points of the new complex WCs along with the latest measurements of $R_{\tau/{\mu,e}}\left(D^{(*)}\right)$, we predict the numerical values of the observable $R_{\tau/\ell}\left(\Lambda_c\right)$, $R_{\tau/\mu}\left(J/\psi\right)$ and $R_{\tau/\ell}\left(X_c\right)$ from the sum rules. Apart from finding the correlation matrix among the observables under consideration, we plot them graphically which is useful to discriminate different NP scenarios. Finally, we study the impact of these NP couplings on various angular and the CP triple product asymmetries, that could be measured in some ongoing and future experiments. The precise measurements of these observables are important to check the SM and extract the possible NP.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, The numerical analysis is modified, and the Table III is added to elaborate and to perform the quantitative analysis of the observable

Detrimental Effects of Marketing Practices on Consumers' Buying Behaviors

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