HIV and HPV infections and ocular surface squamous neoplasia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The frequency of ocular surface squamous neoplasias (OSSNs) has been increasing in populations with a high prevalence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). We aimed to quantify the association between HIV/AIDS and HPV infection and OSSN, through systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: The articles providing data on the association between HIV/AIDS and/or HPV infection and OSSN were identified in MEDLINE, SCOPUS and EMBASE searched up to May 2013, and through backward citation tracking. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to compute summary relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Heterogeneity was quantified with the I(2) statistic. RESULTS: HIV/AIDS was strongly associated with an increased risk of OSSN (summary RR=8.06, 95% CI: 5.29-12.30, I(2)=56.0%, 12 studies). The summary RR estimate for the infection with mucosal HPV subtypes was 3.13 (95% CI: 1.72-5.71, I(2)=45.6%, 16 studies). Four studies addressed the association between both cutaneous and mucosal HPV subtypes and OSSN; the summary RR estimates were 3.52 (95% CI: 1.23-10.08, I(2)=21.8%) and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.57-2.05, I(2)=0.0%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Human immunodeficiency virus infection increases the risk of OSSN by nearly eight-fold. Regarding HPV infection, only the cutaneous subtypes seem to be a risk factor

A case report of metaplastic carcinoma of breast

Metaplastic carcinoma is a rare form of breast cancer and is a generic term for breast carcinoma of ductal type in which the predominant component of the neoplasm has an appearance other than epithelial glandular structures.We report a case of this rare tumor in as 57-year-old psot- menopausal woma

Histopathological study of 425 cases of intracranial tumor

Despite many advances in the field of cancer treatment, intra-cranial tumor cases still have a poor prognosis. This research has been carried out in order to describe age and sex distributions and histopathological characteristics and site of intra-cranial tumors. We studied 425 patients with intra-cranial tumor whose samples were examined in pathology center of Imam Khomeini hospital from 1991 to 1996. The commonest types of tumors in our study were glial (28%) tumors and meningioma (27.76%). The commonest sites of tumors were cortex (30.6%), hypophysis (21.89%), and cerebellum (15.3%). Among metastatic tumors of the brain, thyroid carcinoma was the most prevalent one (55.5%). The results of this study did not significantly contrast findings of other studies

A clinicopathologic study of orbital and ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative lesions with immunohistochemical staining of indeterminate cases

The histopathologic diagnosis of orbital and ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative lesions is difficult, resulting controversy in classification, determining benignity or malignancy of them and treatment modality selection. We designed the following study to evaluate clinical, histopathologic and if necessary immunochemical features of them in decreasing indeterminate cases. The study includes 51 subjects of biopsy-proven orbital lymphoid lesions and inflammatory pseudotumors from pathologic practices of Farabi and Imain Khomeini Hospitals, from April 1994 to March 2000. We reviewed H&E stained slides. Then we examined clonality of indeterminate cases with evaluation of clonal immunoglobulin light chains (ĸ or λ) expression to find neoplastic cells. CD markers were used for excluding other closed morphologic differential diagnosis. In conclusion we determined 40 cases of lymphoproliferative lesions, divided to the following there groups: malignant lymphoma with sixty-five percent frequency were the most common type of them, reactive lymphoid hyperplasia with twenty percent was the second one and atypical lymphoid hyperplasia with fifteen percent was the third one. The most common site of involvement was orbit (57.5%). Males were affected slightly higher than females. Median age at diagnosis was 62 years. The most common type of lymphoma group was low-grade small lymphocytic lymphoma. It is necessary to note that 11 out of total 51 subjects were excluded under other pathologic diagnosis. On the other hand 4 cases of already diagnosed pseudo-tumors were reclassified into three lymphoid lesion categories above

"ETIOLOGIES OF PSEUDORETINOBLASTOMAS IN HISTOPATHOLOGIC SPECIEMENS OF ENUCLEATED OR EXENTERATED EYES WITH CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF RETINOBLASTOMA "

Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in childhood. Enucleation remains the treatment of choice in many children because the eye can not be salvaged with any other treatment modality. In some cases after enucleation etiologies other than retinoblastoma are detected in histopathologic review (pseudoretinoblastomas). This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and etiologies of pseudoretinoblastomas in those eyes enucleated or exenterated due to clinical and radiological diagnosis of retinoblastoma in Farabi Hospital from April 1986 through February 2000. Records of all 453 patients who had sustained enucleation or exenteration due to diagnosis of retinoblastoma during these 15 years were reviewed for reports of histopathologic specimens. In those cases where the histopathologic reports were not consistent with retinoblastoma, Hematoxylin & Eosin stained slides were studied again. Histological diagnosis of retinoblastoma was confirmed in 400 cases (88.3%), and 53 cases were pseudoretinoblastomas (11.7%). This frequency was in agreement with previous studies. Most common etiologies of pseudoretinoblastomas were endophthalmitis (22.7%),phthisis bulbi, vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment (17% each ) and coat's disease (11.3%)

A CASE REPORT OF WELL DIFFERENTIATED CHONDROSARCOMA OF THYROID GLAND

We report a 75 year - old man who presented with a cervical mass, dysphagia anil hoarseness, CT - xcan of neck showed a large cold nodule in the right lobe of thyroid gland, which was followed by surgical excision and its histopathologic exam revealed well-differentiated chondrosarcoma

ENUCLEATION IN A PATIENT WITH NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE 1 WITH BUPHTHALMOS AND OCULAR DEFORMITY

To report a case of buphthalmos with neurofibromatosis (NF-1) who suffered with blindness suffered enucleation. Physical examination & histopathology were performed. Physical examination revealed Buphthalmos & vascularized cornea with lower lid ectropion and orbital deformity. Histopathologic findings shows plexiform neurofibroma in orbital tissue with scleral wall involvement. And hamartomatous proliferation in choroid & cilliary bodies with melanocytic elements. Few NF-1 cases with buphthalmos have been reported. But cases with complicationg buphthalmos (retinal Detachment & optic nerve Atrophy) suffering enucleation are very rare

Histopathological Study Of Eyelid Tumor Tehran Farabi Hospital (1988-98)

There are few studies of eyelid's neoplasm in Asia which in comparison of references are some differences."nMaterials and Methods: For this reason the retrospective study in 1103 patients which are referred to Farabi Hospital in 10 years period of 1988-1998 was performed. Epidemiological and histopathologic details were sough."nResults: 44 percent of the neoplasm were benign and 56 percent were malignant. The most prevalent benign neoplasm of eyelid respectively were Nevus (37.7 percent) hamartoma (19.6 percent) and papilloma (15.9 percent) and malignant neoplasm of eyelid respectively were basal cell carcinoma (78.7 percent), squamous cell carcinoma (11.8 percent ) and melanoma (2.4 percent ). The mean age in benign neoplasm was 36 years and in malignant ones 57 years, In benign tumors the most prevalent anatomical site respectively were upper eyelid, lower eyelid and inner canthus. But in malignant tumors it was occurred most frequently in upper eyelid in comparison to lower eyelid in addition occurrence of malignant tumors was prevalent in left but in benign neoplasm right and left eyelid were involved equally."n"n"n"n&nbsp

PRIMARY CHOROIDAL MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA:REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the masquerade syndromes of malignant melanoma that can occur with two main patterns of presentations in the eye: metastatic involvement of uveal tract, and primary involvement of retina. We report ophthalmic, imaging and histopathological findings in the first case diagnosed as primary choroidal NHL without central nervous system or systemic involvement. A 37-year-old woman presented with the complaint of severe visual loss in her right eye. Significant ocular finding included light perception of vision (LP), 2+ APD, 2+ cells in vitreous and intraocular pressure of 46 mmHg. Fundoscopic examination revealed exudative retinal detachment. Ocular echography showed choroidal thickening in addition to retinal detachment. MRI showed semilunar shape lesion in the posterior right globe suggesting choroidal melanoma. Systemic work-up could not reveal any underlying cause. The patient underwent enucleation with clinical suggestion of choroidal melanoma. Result of histological examination showed NHL (diffuse large Bcell type) of choroid. Immunohistochemical staining showed negative staining for HMB-45 and CD3, positive staining for LCA, and CD20. Multiple periodic lumbar puncture, bone marrow biopsies and MRI were unremarkable. No recurrence of tumor in systemic work-up was noted during the 36-months follow-up. Primary choroidal NHL is one of the causes of generalized thickening of choroid and should be considered in differential diagnosis of malignant melanoma. It is recommended to perform fine needle biopsy before performing surgery in any patient who has had an atypical malignant melanoma. This is, so far as we know, the first case diagnosed as primary choroidal NHL

PERIBULBAR COMPLEX CHORISTOMA IN ASSOCIATION WITH IPSILATERAL NASAL HYPOPLASIA AND NASOLACRIMAL DUCT OBSTRUCTION

Developmental midline perinasal masses in children are rare lesions specifically in association with choristomas. We encountered a 3-year-old boy with epiphora, a striking mass on the nasal bridge and ipsilateral nasal hypoplasia. CT scan imaging showed multiple calcified areas within the tumor in addition to linear defect in frontal bone, hypoplastic left ethmoidal sinus and left nasal cavity, and absence of left nasal concha. The patient had no history of seizure, no neurologic deficit, and ocular developmental exams were normal. After performing excisional biopsy of the tumor, histopathologic analysis revealed complex choristoma composed of cartilage and bone. The most appropriate name for this malformation, which we have not found described in the literature, seems to be, nasal hypoplasia with complex choristoma and nasolacrimal duct obstruction