Possible use of hydropower potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant

U radu je prikazana mogućnost korišćenja hidroenergetskog potencijala rashladne vode termoelektrane sa otvorenim sistemom hlađenja. Rashladna voda otiče gravitaciono do recipijenta - reke, zbog čega se u periodu nižih vodostaja javlja pad koji je moguće iskoristiti u maloj hidoelektrani. Takva hidroelektrana radi sa promenljivim padom i približno konstantnim protokom, i to samo u periodima kada radi i termoelektrana. Koncepcija je prikazana na primeru male hidroelektrane koja će koristiti hidroenergetski potencijal rashladne vode TE 'Nikola Tesla B'. Određeni su ekonomski pokazatelji ove hidroelektrane i ocenjeno je povećanje profitabilnosti imajući u vidu da postrojenje može biTI ostvareno u okvira Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projekta, u skladu sa Kjoto protokolom. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je projekat ekonomski prihvatljiv, a moguće ga je ostvariti sa standardnim hidroturbinama dostupnim na tržištu.Possibility of using hydropower potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant with open cooling system is presented in the paper. Cooling water flows gravitationally to the recipient - the river. In the periods of low water levels additional head occurs which could be used in small hydropower plant. Such a hydropower plant will operate only in periods when thermal power plant operates, with more or less constant flow and head that significantly changes in time. Small hydropower plant that uses cooling water of Thermal Power Plant 'Nikola Tesla B' is presented in the paper. The economic benefits of the HPP are calculated. The increase of profitability is assessed, bearing in mind that the plant would be realized as the Clean Development Mechanism project according to the Kyoto protocol. The obtained results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be carried out with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market

Mogućnost korišćenja hidroenergetskog potencijala vode za hlađenje termoelektrana

Possibility of using hydropower potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant with open cooling system is presented in the paper. Cooling water flows gravitationally to the recipient - the river. In the periods of low water levels additional head occurs which could be used in small hydropower plant. Such a hydropower plant will operate only in periods when thermal power plant operates, with more or less constant flow and head that significantly changes in time. Small hydropower plant that uses cooling water of Thermal Power Plant 'Nikola Tesla B' is presented in the paper. The economic benefits of the HPP are calculated. The increase of profitability is assessed, bearing in mind that the plant would be realized as the Clean Development Mechanism project according to the Kyoto protocol. The obtained results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be carried out with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market.U radu je prikazana mogućnost korišćenja hidroenergetskog potencijala rashladne vode termoelektrane sa otvorenim sistemom hlađenja. Rashladna voda otiče gravitaciono do recipijenta - reke, zbog čega se u periodu nižih vodostaja javlja pad koji je moguće iskoristiti u maloj hidoelektrani. Takva hidroelektrana radi sa promenljivim padom i približno konstantnim protokom, i to samo u periodima kada radi i termoelektrana. Koncepcija je prikazana na primeru male hidroelektrane koja će koristiti hidroenergetski potencijal rashladne vode TE 'Nikola Tesla B'. Određeni su ekonomski pokazatelji ove hidroelektrane i ocenjeno je povećanje profitabilnosti imajući u vidu da postrojenje može biTI ostvareno u okvira Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projekta, u skladu sa Kjoto protokolom. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je projekat ekonomski prihvatljiv, a moguće ga je ostvariti sa standardnim hidroturbinama dostupnim na tržištu

Possible use of hydropower potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant

U radu je prikazana mogućnost korišćenja hidroenergetskog potencijala rashladne vode termoelektrane sa otvorenim sistemom hlađenja. Rashladna voda otiče gravitaciono do recipijenta - reke, zbog čega se u periodu nižih vodostaja javlja pad koji je moguće iskoristiti u maloj hidoelektrani. Takva hidroelektrana radi sa promenljivim padom i približno konstantnim protokom, i to samo u periodima kada radi i termoelektrana. Koncepcija je prikazana na primeru male hidroelektrane koja će koristiti hidroenergetski potencijal rashladne vode TE 'Nikola Tesla B'. Određeni su ekonomski pokazatelji ove hidroelektrane i ocenjeno je povećanje profitabilnosti imajući u vidu da postrojenje može biTI ostvareno u okvira Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projekta, u skladu sa Kjoto protokolom. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je projekat ekonomski prihvatljiv, a moguće ga je ostvariti sa standardnim hidroturbinama dostupnim na tržištu.Possibility of using hydropower potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant with open cooling system is presented in the paper. Cooling water flows gravitationally to the recipient - the river. In the periods of low water levels additional head occurs which could be used in small hydropower plant. Such a hydropower plant will operate only in periods when thermal power plant operates, with more or less constant flow and head that significantly changes in time. Small hydropower plant that uses cooling water of Thermal Power Plant 'Nikola Tesla B' is presented in the paper. The economic benefits of the HPP are calculated. The increase of profitability is assessed, bearing in mind that the plant would be realized as the Clean Development Mechanism project according to the Kyoto protocol. The obtained results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be carried out with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market

Practical implementation of coordinated q–v control in a multi machine power plant

Abstract: This paper presents details of the practical implementation of a coordinated reactive power-voltage controller (CQVC) developed for a multi-machine steam power plant. The CQVC performs optimal coordination of the synchronous generators' reactive power outputs in order to maintain the total reactive power delivered by a steam power plant (SPP) or the voltage at a steam power plant HV busbar. This is required to achieve slow preventive control of generated reactive powers in order to maximize reactive power reserves along with slow high side voltage control. The CQVC is designed to act through existing automatic voltage regulator inputs, thus no modification of an existing excitation system was made. In order to increase the robustness to changes in operating conditions and to achieve the desired shape of the reactive power response, the two-step predictor corrector method is implemented. A newly developed algorithm for steady state detection ensures non-interference of reactive power voltage control with excitation system response. The paper also presents practical design solutions to overcome limitations posed by application to a real system. Acceptance and functional tests carried out during the commissioning of the CQVC are also discussed in this paper

Hydro energy potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant

The hydro energy of the gravity water flow from the coal-fired thermal power plant units to the river in an open cooling system of turbine condensers is determined. On the basis of statistical data for a long time period, the water net head duration curve due to the river annual level change, as well as the reduction of the hydro energy potential due to the thermal power plant overhauls periods, are evaluated in the case study of the Thermal Power Plant "Nikola Tesla B" in Serbia. A small hydro power plant is designed for the utilization of this hydro energy, and the economic benefits of the project are calculated. The internal rate of returns and pay back periods are calculated in dependence of the electricity price and total investment costs. The increase of profitability is assessed, bearing in mind that the plant might be realized as the Clean Development Mechanism project according to the Kyoto protocol. The obtained results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be carried out with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market. Even for the relatively low electricity price from small hydro power plants in Serbia of 0.08 epsilon/kW h the internal rate of return and the pay back period are 17.5% and 5.5 years

Hydro energy potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant

The hydro energy of the gravity water flow from the coal-fired thermal power plant units to the river in an open cooling system of turbine condensers is determined. The water net head duration curve due to the river annual level change and the reduction of the hydro energy potential due to the thermal power plant overhauls periods are evaluated in the case study of the Thermal Power Plant “Nikola Tesla B” in Serbia on the basis of statistical data for a long time period. A design of the small hydro power plant is defined for the utilization of this hydro energy and the economic benefits of the project are calculated. The internal rate of returns and pay back periods are calculated in dependence of the electricity price. The obtain results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be realized with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market. Even for the relatively low electricity price from small hydro power plants in Serbia of 0.08 Euros/kWh the internal rate of return and the pay back period are 17.5% and 5.5 years

Hydro energy potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant

The hydro energy of the gravity water flow from the coal-fired thermal power plant units to the river in an open cooling system of turbine condensers is determined. On the basis of statistical data for a long time period, the water net head duration curve due to the river annual level change, as well as the reduction of the hydro energy potential due to the thermal power plant overhauls periods, are evaluated in the case study of the Thermal Power Plant "Nikola Tesla B" in Serbia. A small hydro power plant is designed for the utilization of this hydro energy, and the economic benefits of the project are calculated. The internal rate of returns and pay back periods are calculated in dependence of the electricity price and total investment costs. The increase of profitability is assessed, bearing in mind that the plant might be realized as the Clean Development Mechanism project according to the Kyoto protocol. The obtained results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be carried out with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market. Even for the relatively low electricity price from small hydro power plants in Serbia of 0.08 epsilon/kW h the internal rate of return and the pay back period are 17.5% and 5.5 years

Hydro energy potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant

The hydro energy of the gravity water flow from the coal-fired thermal power plant units to the river in an open cooling system of turbine condensers is determined. The water net head duration curve due to the river annual level change and the reduction of the hydro energy potential due to the thermal power plant overhauls periods are evaluated in the case study of the Thermal Power Plant “Nikola Tesla B” in Serbia on the basis of statistical data for a long time period. A design of the small hydro power plant is defined for the utilization of this hydro energy and the economic benefits of the project are calculated. The internal rate of returns and pay back periods are calculated in dependence of the electricity price. The obtain results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be realized with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market. Even for the relatively low electricity price from small hydro power plants in Serbia of 0.08 Euros/kWh the internal rate of return and the pay back period are 17.5% and 5.5 years

Mogućnost korišćenja hidroenergetskog potencijala vode za hlađenje termoelektrana

Possibility of using hydropower potential of cooling water at the thermal power plant with open cooling system is presented in the paper. Cooling water flows gravitationally to the recipient - the river. In the periods of low water levels additional head occurs which could be used in small hydropower plant. Such a hydropower plant will operate only in periods when thermal power plant operates, with more or less constant flow and head that significantly changes in time. Small hydropower plant that uses cooling water of Thermal Power Plant 'Nikola Tesla B' is presented in the paper. The economic benefits of the HPP are calculated. The increase of profitability is assessed, bearing in mind that the plant would be realized as the Clean Development Mechanism project according to the Kyoto protocol. The obtained results show that the project is economically attractive, and it can be carried out with standard matured solutions of hydro turbines available at the market.U radu je prikazana mogućnost korišćenja hidroenergetskog potencijala rashladne vode termoelektrane sa otvorenim sistemom hlađenja. Rashladna voda otiče gravitaciono do recipijenta - reke, zbog čega se u periodu nižih vodostaja javlja pad koji je moguće iskoristiti u maloj hidoelektrani. Takva hidroelektrana radi sa promenljivim padom i približno konstantnim protokom, i to samo u periodima kada radi i termoelektrana. Koncepcija je prikazana na primeru male hidroelektrane koja će koristiti hidroenergetski potencijal rashladne vode TE 'Nikola Tesla B'. Određeni su ekonomski pokazatelji ove hidroelektrane i ocenjeno je povećanje profitabilnosti imajući u vidu da postrojenje može biTI ostvareno u okvira Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projekta, u skladu sa Kjoto protokolom. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je projekat ekonomski prihvatljiv, a moguće ga je ostvariti sa standardnim hidroturbinama dostupnim na tržištu