Characteristics of Patients.

<p>Pneumonia was defined as evidence of clinical signs and symptoms of pneumonia and evidence of infiltrate in CTPA that was not attributable to pulmonary infarction due to PE, and a final diagnosis of pneumonia before leaving the ED. An acute cardiac disorder was defined as the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, confirmed by coronary angiography (ACS), acute left ventricular failure or cardiogenic shock, or tachyarrhythmia before leaving the ED. All patients who failed to meet the criteria of pneumonia or acute cardiac disorder were allocated to the comparison group. IQR denotes interquartile range. CPR denotes cardiopulmonary resuscitation.</p>*<p>Pneumonia group vs. comparison group;</p>†<p>acute cardiac disorder group vs. comparison group;</p>‡<p>pain or swelling of a limb;</p>§<p>≥100 beats/minute;</p>||<p>history of surgery during previous month;</p>¶<p>history of hospitalization during previous month;</p>**<p>CTPAs that was ordered to evaluate the patient for PE only and not for an additional disease such as consequences of trauma, suspected pulmonary disease, cancer or aortic dissection;</p>††<p>estimated by using simplified revised Geneva score (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0047418#pone.0047418.s001" target="_blank">Table S1</a>);</p>‡‡<p><500 ng/mL.</p

Frequencies of PE.

<p>PE denotes acute pulmonary embolism. To estimate pretest probabilities, the simplified revised Geneva score was used (low probability: <2 points; intermediate probability: 2 to 4 points; high probability: >5 points, see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0047418#pone.0047418.s001" target="_blank">Table S1</a>).</p

Frequencies of PE in patients with pneumonia, acute cardiac disorder, and in patients of the comparison group.

<p>CTPA denotes computed tomography pulmonary angiography. PE denotes acute pulmonary embolism. ACS, not confirmed denotes suspected acute coronary syndrome that was not confirmed by coronary angiography. Patients in the comparison group had either PE or one of the listed diagnoses at discharge from the emergency department. *Other: empyema, hematoma, leg pain or leg swelling of unknown origin, nephrotic syndrome, pneumothorax, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, sickle cell crisis, sinusitis, tuberculosis, malaise of unknown origin, fever of unknown origin, paralysis, elevated D-dimers of unknown origin, hemoptysis of unknown origin, cough of unknown origin, epiglottitis, hepatic encephalopathy, coma of unknown origin, anemia, ketoacidosis, anaphylactic reaction, struma, intoxication, spondylodiscitis, sternum infection, knee arthritis.</p

Cases of concomitant presence of PE and another disease that could mimic PE.

<p>PE denotes pulmonary embolism. CTPA denotes computed tomography pulmonary angiography. CAP denotes community acquired pneumonia. AML denotes acute myeloid leukemia. ACS denotes acute coronary syndrome. STEMI denotes ST-elevation myocardial infarction.</p>*<p>includes one case of <i>Mycoplasma pneumonia</i> infection with hemolytic anemia.</p

Additional file 2: of A simulated night shift in the emergency room increases students’ self-efficacy independent of role taking over during simulation

Technical details. Diagnosis and technical details for every case. (PDF 70 kb

Additional file 1: of Presentations to an urban emergency department in Bern, Switzerland associated with acute recreational drug toxicity

Search terms. (DOCX 14 kb

Additional file 3: of A simulated night shift in the emergency room increases students’ self-efficacy independent of role taking over during simulation

Dataset of the study. (XLS 65 kb