Quantifying Greenhouse Gas and Financial Impacts of Energy Use in L/A Area Businesses

Human economic activity has contributed massively to the emission of Greenhouse gases (GHG) since the industrial revolution. Commercial businesses, no matter any size, shape or form cannot function without the use of energy, especially without electricity and heating. Within Maine, the vast majority of GHG emission is from transportation. However, electric power, commercial and industrial sectors, which links to the process of operating businesses, account for 27 percent (Maine DEP, 2021). This project works to provide resources to improve efficiency in energy use to help lower the contribution of Maine’s businesses to that 27 percent slice. The main goal is to reduce GHG emissions by businesses in the Lewiston Auburn area by providing solutions to make changes to increase energy efficiency and reduce fossil fuel combustion. Though it may seem easy to tell businesses to reduce their emissions through efficiency upgrades, the biggest barrier that needs to be addressed is Maine’s businesses are small with limited financial capabilities as their bottom line is to make revenue for survival. They are limited financially and time-wise to explore different efficiency upgrade options. To address this barrier, our project will help businesses to identify different methods of upgrades while also providing methods of financing by recommending existing federal and state rebate programs. The aim of this project is to aid the Lewiston Auburn Chamber of Commerce, project’s community partner, in providing information and education to local businesses with the goal of increasing energy efficiency for the purpose of lowering business operating costs and reducing GHG emissions. To achieve this aim we would provide attractive and easily digestible fact sheet as deliverables and tackle the following objectives: Identify where businesses use energy and categorize consumption, recommend actions for businesses to improve energy efficiency in areas of high consumption supported by Federal and or State Efficiency Programs, and show businesses how they can potentially save money with energy efficiency programs and reducing energy consumption. Our project seeks to help business owners who have very limited time and resources to research energy upgrades to look at the deliverables and gain all the necessary information from one location. Commercial sectors in Maine, especially in Lewiston and in Auburn, restaurant, office, manufacturing, institution, food sales (convenience stores), and retail were selected, and business profiles, sectors separated by size, were created to understand individual’s divers of energy use. Calculations of monthly energy consumption were done to identify its biggest drivers and understand where to focus its efficiency upgrades to make the most effective and biggest effects to GHG emissions. Within the six sectors, HVAC system and appliance upgrades were identified to be the most commonly effective upgrade options. Federal and state rebate programs to finance these upgrades were identified. These suggestions were compiled into the deliverables, fact sheets for each business profile, for business owners to look at their identifiable business profile fact sheet and easily attain information for future changes

Sustainable Urban Living: A Cultural Take on Tokyo\u27s Sustainability Efforts

1) Tokyo\u27s Railway: Looking at Tokyo\u27s success story for its public transportation system and its high ridership rate. 2) Energy Resources: Effect of 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster and Japan\u27s distinctive barriers for renewable energy and promising Geothermal Energy. 3) Single-Use Plastics: How Japan\u27s food culture induce mass consumption of single-use plastic. 4) Urban Heat Island: Infrastrucual and ancestral culture heat mitigation strategies for a sweltering megacity

Effects of load distribution of upper and lower Limbs on the "Set" position posture in the sprint start

Engineering of Sport 15 - Proceedings from the 15th International Conference on the Engineering of Sport (ISEA 2024) In short-distance races, the total race time is directly influenced by the “set” position posture. Related work on “set” position posture has shown that faster athletes exhibit two key characteristics in the placement of their center of body mass (CM): the height of CM (YCM) is closer to the ground and the horizontal projection of CM (XCM) is as forward as possible. Most prior works have focused on the lower limbs and relatively few have investigated the upper limbs, especially in terms of the ground reaction force related to the load applied to the upper limbs. We hypothesize that shifting the load distribution between the upper and lower limbs to the upper limb side during the “set” position would make the YCM lower and the XCM more forward (i.e., closer to the characteristics of faster athletes). In this study, we investigate the effects of greater load distribution to the upper limb side during the “set” position on the CM and muscle activities. Our results showed that increased upper limb loading could be one new strategy for achieving the characteristics of faster athletes and indicated that a need for in-depth exploration of additional postural and muscular characteristics that lead to an efficient start in front load conditions. </p