Lysosomal exoglycosidases in serum and urine of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Lysosomal exoglycosidases: N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase (HEX), β-D-galactosidase (GAL), ι-L-fucosidase (FUC) and ι-D-mannosidase (MAN) modify oligosaccharide chains of glycoconjugates in endoplasmatic reticulum and/or Golgi apparatus and degrade them in lysosomes. In acid environment of lysosome, exoglycosidases degrade oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins, glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans by eliminating single sugars from the edges of oligosaccharide chains. Neoplasms change biochemical processes in tissues and may significantly change the activity of many enzymes including the activity of lysosomal exoglycosidasses in serum and urine of persons with neoplasmatic diseases. The aim of the present paper was evaluation the activity of HEX, GAL, FUC and MAN in serum and urine of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Serum and urine samples were collected from 15 patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and 15 healthy persons. The activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases was determined by the method of Marciniak et al. adapted to serum and urine of patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Our results indicate significant decrease in activity of GAL (p=0.037) in serum of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, significant increase in activity of HEX (

Artykaina plus morfina versus sama artykaina w leczeniu bólu podczas zabiegu endodontycznego z powodu nieodwracalnego zapalenia miazgi : badanie randomizowane, kontrolowane

Standardowe znieczulenie miejscowe nie gwarantuje całkowitego ustąpienia bólu podczas zabiegu endodontycznego usuwania miazgi w stanie nieodwracalnego zapalenia. Celem pracy było sprawdzenie, czy miejscowe znieczulenie za pomocą morfiny w dawce 1 mg dodanej do standardowego znieczulenia za pomocą artykainy w porównaniu z samą artykainą zmniejszy odczuwanie bólu w czasie 48 godz. po zabiegu endodontycznym. W podwójnie ślepej próbie klinicznej uczestniczyły 32 osoby, które miały nieodwracalne zapalenie miazgi pierwszego zęba trzonowego szczęki. Uczestnicy badania byli zrandomizowani do dwóch grup: grupy badawczej, która otrzymywała artykainę i morfinę (n = 9), oraz grupy kontrolnej, która otrzymywała tylko artykainę (n = 23). Nasilenie bólu badano za pomocą numerycznej skali oceny bólu oraz skali wzrokowo- -analogowej przed zabiegiem oraz 1, 2, 6, 12, 24 i 48 godz. po zabiegu. Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic nasilenia bólu między dwoma grupami w obu skalach oceny bólu we wszystkich kolejnych punktach oceny aż do 48 godz. po zabiegu. Stwierdzono jedynie nieistotne statystycznie mniejsze odczuwanie bólu po 12 godz. u chorych leczonych morfiną i artykainą (p = 0,08). Badanie było finansowane z grantu Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego (UJ) i miało zgodę Komisji Bioetycznej UJ nr: 2008/K/ZDS/000518. Dodanie morfiny do artykainy w celu mniejszego odczuwania bólu podczas endodontycznego usuwania miazgi w stanie nieodwracalnego zapalenia nie ma wpływu na odczuwanie bólu, choć większą skuteczność tego znieczulenia obserwowano wcześniej podczas zabiegów chirurgicznych w jamie ustnej. Wskazane są dalsze badania oceniające skuteczność opioidów w miejscowym znieczuleniu podczas zabiegów endodontycznych.Standard local anaesthetics do not guarantee complete absence of pain during endodontic debridement of the inflamed pulp. We investigated whether the addition of l mg of morphine to local articaine anaesthesia as compared to articaine alone could reduce pain sensations during endodontic debridement and within 48 h after the procedure. Thirty-two patients with pain attributed to irreversible pulpitis of the first upper molar participated in this randomized, double-blind trial. Patients were randomly assigned either to the study group (patients receiving periapical injection of modified local anaesthetic solution with morphine, n = 9) or to the control group (patients receiving standard anaesthetic solution without morphine, n = 23). The pain intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale and verbal score before and directly after endodontic debridement, as well as at 1, 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after the procedure. Neither the visual analogue scale nor verbal score differed between both groups before or during the endodontic debridement, as well as during 48-hour follow-up. However, there was an insignificant tendency for greater pain relief in patients treated with articaine and morphine at 12 h after endodontic debridement (p = 0.08). The study was funded by a Jagiellonian University in Poland (JU) grant, and was registered with the JU Ethical Committee No. 2008/K/ZDS/000518. The addition of morphine to local articaine anaesthesia does not influence pain intensity in patients undergoing endodontic debridement in contrast to the previously described pain-relief effect in patients after oral surgery. However, future studies are needed to evaluate the role of opioids in local anaesthesia in endodontic procedures

Trade in goods between the European Union and the United Kingdom after Brexit

Niniejsze opracowanie stanowi próbę przedstawienia rozwiązań regulujących wymianę towarową, przyjętych wobec opuszczenia Unii Europejskiej przez Zjednoczone Królestwo. Analizie zostały poddane w znacznej mierze postanowienia części pierwszej i drugiej Umowy o handlu i współpracy, jak również niektóre postanowienia Protokołu w sprawie Irlandii i Irlandii Północnej. W celu umożliwienia czytelnikom dokonania porównania pomiędzy aktualnym a przedbrexitowym stanem prawnym, w treści pracy przedstawiony został również skondensowany opis unijnej swobody przepływu towarów.The aim of the presented thesis is to demonstrate established solutions which regulate trade in goods and were adopted after the United Kingdom left the European Union. The provisions of Part One and Part Two of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement were the main subject to analysis, as well as some provisions of the Northern Ireland Protocol. In order to enable readers to make a comparison between the current and pre-Brexit legal status, the content of the thesis includes a condensed description of EU free movement of goods

Low-glucose medium induces ORP150 expression and exerts inhibitory effect on apoptosis and senescence of human breast

MCF7 cell

A Preliminary Study of the Effect of Quercetin on Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, and Stress Responses in Glioblastoma Cell Lines

A growing body of evidence indicates that dietary polyphenols show protective effects against various cancers. However, little is known yet about their activity in brain tumors. Here we investigated the interaction of dietary flavonoid quercetin (QCT) with the human glioblastoma A172 and LBC3 cell lines. We demonstrated that QCT evoked cytotoxic effect in both tested cell lines. Microscopic observations, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, and elevated expression and activity of caspase 3/7 showed that QCT caused predominantly apoptotic death of A172 cells. Further analyses confirmed enhanced ROS generation, deregulated expression of SOD1 and SOD2, depletion of ATP levels, and an overexpression of CHOP, suggesting the activation of oxidative stress and ER stress upon QCT exposure. Finally, elevated expression and activity of caspase 9, indicative of a mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, was detected. Conversely, in LBC3 cells the pro-apoptotic effect was observed only after 24 h incubation with QCT, and a shift towards necrotic cell death was observed after 48 h of treatment. Altogether, our data indicate that exposure to QCT evoked cell death via activation of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A172 cells. These findings suggest that QCT is worth further investigation as a potential pharmacological agent in therapy of brain tumors

Lysosomal exoglycosidases in serum and urine of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Lysosomal exoglycosidases: N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase (HEX), β-D-galactosidase (GAL), ι-L-fucosidase (FUC) and ι-D-mannosidase (MAN) modify oligosaccharide chains of glycoconjugates in endoplasmatic reticulum and/or Golgi apparatus and degrade them in lysosomes. In acid environment of lysosome, exoglycosidases degrade oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins, glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans by eliminating single sugars from the edges of oligosaccharide chains. Neoplasms change biochemical processes in tissues and may significantly change the activity of many enzymes including the activity of lysosomal exoglycosidasses in serum and urine of persons with neoplasmatic diseases. The aim of the present paper was evaluation the activity of HEX, GAL, FUC and MAN in serum and urine of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Serum and urine samples were collected from 15 patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and 15 healthy persons. The activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases was determined by the method of Marciniak et al. adapted to serum and urine of patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Our results indicate significant decrease in activity of GAL (p=0.037) in serum of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, significant increase in activity of HEX (p<0.001) and FUC (p=0.027) in serum, and HEX (p=0.003) in urine, as well as significant decrease of FUC (p=0.016) and MAN (p=0.029) in urine o patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, in comparison to the control group. Increase in activity of some lysosomal enzymes in serum and urine of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients, may indicate on destruction of pancreatic tissue by pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Determination of the HEX, GAL, FUC and MAN in serum and urine may be useful in diagnostics of pancreatic adenocarcinoma