TCS network diagram for mtCOI haplotypes for <i>C. sinicus</i> and <i>C. agulhensis</i>.

<p>Numbers of individuals are reflected in the pie size; pie slices represent the frequencies of each haplotype in that population. See text for explanation.</p

Maximum Likelihood tree for 10 species of <i>Calanus</i>.

<p>Tree is based on a 658 bp region of the 28S rRNA gene under GTR. Numbers at nodes indicate percentage of recovery after 1,000 bootstraps.</p

K2P distances between and among <i>C. sinicus</i> and <i>C. agulhensis</i> based on mtCOI.

<p>AVG = average, MIN = minimum value, MAX = maximum value; STDEV = standard deviation.</p

Geographic locations of the samples analyzed for this study.

<p>Collections of <i>C. sinicus</i> were made in three locations to the West and East of Japan; <i>C. agulhensis</i> was collected to the south and west of South Africa. Numbers correspond to stations listed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0045710#pone-0045710-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. Populations are represented by stations 1, 2, 3 and 4 for Benguela and stations 5, 6 and 7 for Agulhas (left panel); stations 1 and 2 for West Japan and station 3 for East Japan (right panel).</p

Collection information for samples used in the multi-gene analysis.

<p>Population names are as used in the text and statistical analyses.</p

Diversity measures of mtCOI sequence variation.

<p>H_d – haplotype diversity , π – nucleotide diversity and H – number of haplotypes.</p

F_ST distances between populations of <i>C. sinicus</i> (West and East Japan) and <i>C. agulhensis</i> (Benguela and Agulhas) based on mtCOI.

*<p>P - value<0.01,</p>**<p>P - value<0.005.</p

Numbers of individuals sequenced and analyzed per sampling station (N).

<p>Population names are as used in the text and statistical analyses.</p

Map showing locations of cruises and material collected in this study.

<p>Map showing locations of cruises and material collected in this study.</p

Species identity and collection information for barcoded chaetognaths.

<p>Species identity and collection information for barcoded chaetognaths.</p