Connaissances et croyances des intervenants des milieux scolaires, de la santé et des services sociaux à l’égard du trouble déficitaire de l’attention/hyperactivité

Cette recherche vise à mieux connaître les connaissances et les croyances des intervenants des milieux scolaires, de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec à l’égard du TDAH. Les auteures examinent l’écart important entre les pratiques identifiées comme exemplaires auprès des personnes ayant un TDAH et celles qui sont utilisées dans les milieux québécois. Cette situation observée par Cohen et al. (1999) pourrait être liée aux connaissances erronées des intervenants ou à leurs croyances qui vont à l’encontre de ces pratiques et à leur refus de les appliquer dans leurs milieux. Deux outils ont été administrés : le Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Orientation Scale (ADHDOS) (Couture, 2002) et le Survey of ADHD de Jerome et al. (1994). Les résultats démontrent, entre autres, que les connaissances et les croyances varient selon la profession et la formation reçue.This study aims at better understanding the knowledge and beliefs of professional workers in school, health and social service settings in Quebec regarding ADHD. The authors examine the important discrepancies identified by Cohen (1999) between identified standard practices in treating ADHD patients and practices used in Quebec. This situation could be linked to insufficient knowledge of workers or certain of their beliefs that oppose these practices and their reluctance to implement them in their environment. Two measurement scales were utilised : the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Orientation Scale (ADHDOS, Couture, 2002) and the Survey of ADHD of Jerome and al. (1994). Results show among other things, that knowledge and beliefs vary according to professionals’background and training.Esta investigación busca conocer mejor los conocimientos y creencias de los interventores de los medios escolares, de la salud y los servicios sociales de Quebec con respecto al TDAH. Los autores examinan la diferencia importante entre las prácticas identificadas como ejemplares en las personas que sufren de un TDAH y de las prácticas utilizadas en los medios quebequenses. Esta situación observada por Cohen et al. (1999) podría estar ligada a los conocimientos erróneos de los interventores o a sus creencias, que van en contra de estas prácticas, y a su rechazo a aplicarlos en sus medios. Se administraron dos herramientas: La escala para medir el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Orientation Scale, ADHDOS– (Couture, 2002) y el cuestionario TDAH de Jerome et al. (1994). Los resultados demuestran, entre otros, que los conocimientos y creencias varían según la profesión y la formación recibida.Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de recensear os conhecimentos e crenças dos intervenientes dos meios escolares, da saúde e dos serviços sociais do Quebec com respeito ao TDAH. As autoras examinam a distância importante entre as práticas identificadas como exemplares junto a pessoas que sofrem de um TDAH, e as que são utilizadas nos meios quebequenses. Esta situação observada por Cohen et al. (1999) poderia estar ligada aos conhecimentos equivocados dos intervenientes ou a suas crenças que vão ao encontro destas práticas e à sua recusa de aplicá-los em seus meios. Duas ferramentas foram administradas: a Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Orientation Scale (ADHDOS) (Couture, 2002) e a Survey of ADHD de Jerome et al. (1994). Os resultados demonstram, entre outros, que os conhecimentos e as crenças variam segundo a profissão e a formação recebida

Normal adhesive contact on rough surfaces: efficient algorithm for FFT-based BEM resolution

International audienceWe introduce a numerical methodology to compute the solution of an adhesive normal contact problem on rough surfaces with the Boundary Element Method. Based on the Fast Fourier Transform and the Westergaard's fundamental solution, the proposed algorithm enables to solve efficiently the constrained minimization problem: the numerical solution strictly verifies contact orthogonality and the algorithm takes advantage of the constraints to speed up the minimization. Comparisons with the analytical solution of the Hertz case prove the quality of the numerical computation. The method is also used to compute normal adhesive contact between rough surfaces made of multiple asperities

Tamaas: a library for elastic-plastic contact of periodic rough surfaces

Tamaas: a library for elastic-plastic contact of periodic rough surfaces", published in the Journal of Open Source Softwares describes the free and open-source library Tamaas. More than five years in the making, Tamaas is a high performance C++/Python library for the solution of periodic rough contact problems with adhesion, friction and plasticity. It implements state of the art numerical methods to achieve high computational and memory efficiency, while maintaining a user-friendly programming interface that allows rapid deployment of simulations and prototyping thanks to its Python bindings and its interoperability with Numpy