Effects of water deficit regimes on yield components and berry composition of ‘Black Kishmish’ under Mediterranean region

The effects of different irrigation treatments on yield components and berry composition of ‘Black Kismish’ table grape were investigated in this study. Research was carried out in the experimental vineyards of Viticulture Research Institute, Manisa, Türkiye. Research took place for three consecutive (2015-2016-2017) years and three treatments were compared: T100 (control) irrigated to the field capacity, T65 and T35 irrigated 65% and 35% of T100 treatment, respectively. It was determined that yield value obtained by Full Irrigation was 11% and 18% higher than T65 and T35, respectively. In addition, some of the bio-active compounds such as total anthocyanin content, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity and maturity parameters were increased with water stress. Also, color index of red grapes increased with deficit irrigation treatments. As a result, to ensure optimum yield and quality in Manisa conditions, it was determined that table grape growing without irrigation was not suitable and the irrigation requirement of the grapevine should be fully supplied during the growing season for high grape yield. When the water footprint and functional food concepts were taken into consideration, water deficit treatments (T65 and T35) became prominent due to the use of less water and higher nutrient content of the grapes obtained

Genome mapping in F1 population of crossbred Italia and Mercan grape varieties: Establishment of AFLP and SSR linkage groups towards significant morphological characters and fungal diseases

This research aims at the establishment of a genome map for F1 population developed by crossbreeding of Italia and Mercan grape varieties. A co-dominant marker SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) and a dominant marker AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) were used in the study. Double-pseudotestcross mapping technique was used for genome mapping. The study analyzed 60 plants selected from the F1 population as well as the parental grape varieties, which differed in regards to resistance to diseases and some morphological characteristics. Amplification products were evaluated as “available” and “not available” at the end of silver staining for SSR and radioactive marking for AFLP. Polymorphic loci were determined according to their segregation ratios ranging between 1: 1 and 3: 1 at the end of X2 tests. 3.0 LOD value was used in Mapmaker/Exp 3.0 package program for mapping. Two separate genetic linkage maps (maternal and paternal) were observed which included 6 and 1 linkage groups, respectively. Linkage of the loci located on the linkage groups to the observed diseases and morphological characters were analyzed with regression and variance analyses. A total of 818 primer pairs were tested on the two parents (Italia and Mercan), 60 F1 (Italia × Mercan population) and two reference grape cultivar (Cabarnet Sauvignon and Merlot), successfully amplifying 112 markers. When the resistance traits to fungal diseases were analyzed during the study, no markers related with resistance to Botrytis cinerea and downy mildew could be found. However, it was found that the markers (VrZAG29a, VrZAG29c) related with the control of resistance to powdery mildew were on a locus which was in linkage group.Keywords: Vitis vinifera L., grape, SSR, AFLP, mappingAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(36), pp. 5879-5886, 6 September, 201