Food Habits of South Dakota Women

The increase in the number of older people in South Dakota as well as in the population of the nation as a whole has\u27 emphasized the need for study of the food habits of individuals as they grow older. This interview-survey of the food habits of 339 South Dakota women 30 years or older selected by area sampling was conducted in the summer and fall of 1949. The interview schedule included information about the woman\u27s family, activities, and general health as well as a 24-hour dietary recall. A general description of South Dakota women and their food habits can be derived from the data collected

Fruits and Vegetables in the Home Freezer, Factors Affecting Quality

Freezing is one of the simplest and least time-consuming methods of preserving food, and it should yield products which have retained most of their natural color, fresh flavor and nutritive value. However, the quality of frozen food can vary a great deal if the following factors are not given careful consideration: 1. Selection of raw foods 2. Preparation of foqd for freezing 3. Selection of packaging materials 4. Rate of freezing 5. Temperature and length of storage 6. Preparation for table use With the spread of rural electrification in South Dakota, home freezers are being used more and more for food preservation by rural families as well as by urban families with city power. Along with this increased use of freezers have come many questions. The studies which will be reported in this bulletin were planned to help answer some of these questions. Will food freeze as fast in one freezer as another? Does slower freezing seriously affect the palatability and nutritive value of foods? How do packaging materials influence the rate of freezing and retention of quality in frozen foods? How long may various foods be stored

Evaluation of the Self-Chosen Weighed Diets of 402 Women 30-97 Years of Age in Seven North Central States

Nutrition research workers in the agricultural experiment stations of the North Central Region and the Home Economics Nutrition Research Branch, USDA, entered into cooperative arrangements in October 1947 to investigate the nutritional status and dietary needs of older women and of school children. This was a part of a nation-wide study of the nutritional status of various population groups for which partial financial support was provided by the Research and Marketing Act of 1946

Chemical Composition of Turkeys as it Affects Palatability and Keeping Quality

Turkeys produced on low and high energy diets were slaughtered for chemical analyses and taste panel evaluations before and after 6 months of frozen storage. Although the carcasses from groups fed the high energy diets were fatter than those fed the low energy diets, there were no differences in palatability scores for flavor, tenderness, and juiciness before or after storage. Likewise there were no consistent over-all preferences before or after storage. Neither were there consistent differences in fat peroxide levels after storage. The stored half-carcasses of toms showed no decline in palatability scores for flavor and tenderness whereas those of hens showed a decline. The toms showed higher juiciness scores than hens

Investigating student teachers’ presentations of literacy and literacy pedagogy in a complex context

The field of literacy and primary literacy education is patterned by multiple discourses and this raises challenges for those educating the next generation of primary literacy teachers. In England, the last 15 years have seen considerable levels of prescription in the primary literacy curriculum and compliance by the school and teacher education sectors has been enforced through demanding accountability regimes. In this paper, the authors draw on findings of a small-scale interview study to consider how understandings of literacies associated with different contexts may or may not inflect student teachers’ orientations towards literacy provision in school. The authors explore how five student teachers presented their experiences of literacy within and beyond the classroom and how they seemed to position themselves in relation to literacy pedagogy. The authors focus particularly on continuities and discontinuities between literacies in the student teachers’ personal and professional lives, and on tensions they identified between the teachers they felt they wanted to, and were expected to, become. Reflecting on this work, the authors consider how they can best equip pre-service primary and early years teachers to develop as critical reflective literacy practitioners in the current context

Black holes and the quark-gluon plasma

I discuss the possibility that the quark-gluon plasma at strong coupling admits a description in terms of a black hole in asymptotically anti-de Sitter space.Comment: 19 pages, prepared for the Proceedings of Recent Developments in Gravity - NEB XIII, Thessaloniki, Greece, June 200

Evaluation of Aerosol Delivery of Nanosuspension for Pre-clinical Pulmonary Drug Delivery

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are pulmonary diseases that are characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, cytokine production, and airway hyper-reactivity. Most of the effector cells responsible for these pathologies reside in the lungs. One of the most direct ways to deliver drugs to the target cells is via the trachea. In a pre-clinical setting, this can be achieved via intratracheal (IT), intranasal (IN), or aerosol delivery in the desired animal model. In this study, we pioneered the aerosol delivery of a nanosuspension formulation in a rodent model. The efficiency of different dosing techniques and formulations to target the lungs were compared, and fluticasone was used as the model compound. For the aerosol particle size determination, a ten-stage cascade impactor was used. The mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was calculated based on the percent cumulative accumulation at each stage. Formulations with different particle size of fluticasone were made for evaluation. The compatibility of regular fluticasone suspension and nanosuspension for aerosol delivery was also investigated. The in vivo studies were conducted on mice with optimized setting. It was found that the aerosol delivery of fluticasone with nanosuspension was as efficient as intranasal (IN) dosing, and was able to achieve dose dependent lung deposition